ODN - ndichiyani? Obschedomovye akufuna. mawerengedwe

Polandirira msonkho malipiro nyumba likumanenso mzere otchedwa ARF. Ndi chiyani icho? Amayimira "zosowa nyumba wamba." Ndipo ndicho chimene iwo ali ndi mmene mawerengedwe a imagwiridwa - tikuphunzira chiyani m'nkhani ino.

ODN: ndichiyani?

Nyumba iliyonse kuti chikugwirizana mphamvu gululi, adzalandira mphamvu, ndi n'komwe pakhomo la nyumbayi. Izo ntchito mowa mkati nyumba ndi malo ofanana. Obschedomovoy kauntala akuwawerengera mphamvu zamagetsi kuti akulowa chokhwima.

Osati aliyense akumvetsa tanthauzo la ARF: chiyani komanso mmene chithunzi ichi umaonekera tilipire. amalipiritsa The wapatsidwa osati kuunikira wa khomo. Izi zikuphatikizapo mowa wa magetsi chapansi ndi chapamwamba, ntchito zida moto, zoulutsira mawuzi, mapampu - kutanthauza kuti onse a zamagetsi, amene amathandiza malawi yabwino okhalamo onse. Komanso amaganizira Kutentha obschedomovoy malo ndi zina zotero.

Nyumba iliyonse waika yake zida zamagetsi. Komanso onse a zomvetsa zamakono mu maukonde mkati nyumbayi komanso analipira zofuna obschedomovye.

ODN ndi OGPU

Pali nyumba si anapereka obschedomovoy metering chipangizo (OGPU). Ndiye ODN mlandu payokha. Ngakhale ndi chipangizo mkati mwini nyumba ayenera kulipira ODN malinga ndi malamulo. Choncho, ngati kauntala mu nyumba ya sipakhala, zofunikira pa amalipidwa malinga ndi Kuwonjezera ODN mfundo.

Ngati panopa chingwe tiransifoma anaika Mwachitsanzo, mlingo wa madzi otentha kulipidwa chifukwa cha kusiyana okwana uthenga wa buku nyumba, ndi madzi yochuluka zatchatchatcha. kusiyana ndi anagawira pakati eni, anapatsidwa m'dera la katundu wawo kapena kuchuluka kwa anthu amoyo.

Kodi zones zofunikira n'chinthu chofunikira ODN?

Pamaziko a Nkhani 36 ndime 1, wa Nyumba Code la Chitaganya cha Russia kumalo obschedomovogo mfundo ndi zipinda kuti Sali mbali ya nyumba ya. Ali:

• makwerero;
• PAD therebetween;
• makonde;
• Luso kopita apansi;
• lofts;
• zapansi ndi ntchito zomangamanga;
• zina zimene zimagwiritsidwa osati wokwatibwa ndi eni payekha, koma ayenera kukwaniritsa zofuna za khalidwe anthu, monga denga ndi nadkrovelnye nyumba, zipangizo thandizo moyo nyumba zoposa chimodzi, ziwembu moyandikana dziko ndi zinthu anawapatsa.

Kodi kuwerengera ODN (general mudziwe)

ODN mawerengedwe zimadalira mmene nkhani mowa mphamvu, kutentha ndi madzi, i.e. kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka obschedomovyh owerengera. Ngati mita nyumba waikidwa anapezazo anapangidwa pamaziko a boma Maonekedwe № 354 wa May 6, 2011, ndipo ngati si - malinga ndi chigamulo cha Boma № 258 ya March 28, 2012.

Ngati owerengera awa alipo, ayenera mwachidule ngati kuwerenga mu nyumba, ndiyeno deducted kuchuluka kwa umboni wa mbali wamba.

Ngati palibe, ndiye ndalama mopitirira zochokera dera malo wamba ndi anyantchoche tikukhala mu nyumba pansi chiwembu, amene anaika gulu limodzi. kuchuluka anagawira pa nyumba malinga m'dera lawo kapena kukhala kunyumba za anthu molingana ndi malamulo anakhazikitsa. Kawirikawiri malipiro m'nyumba popanda mbali wamba ndi apamwamba kuposa kumene iwo anakhazikitsa.

The mawerengedwe chilinganizo

Ngati kauntala si m'nyumba, akufunikira mopitirira pa obschedomovye mfundo polima. Pa lamulo lomwelo tatchulawa amavomeleza mfundo ndi malamulo okha kwapangidwa mwachindunji ndi maboma kapena mabungwe kupereka chuma.

Chilinganizo ambiri mwa zotsatirazi: V = ODN chiŵerengero * S ODN. Kodi V - buku la ODN ndi S - Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro m'dera wopangidwa katundu wamba.

ODN malamulo ndi ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Unit muyezo mpweya nthawi zonse ziro, ngati kauntala m'nyumba ayi. Ngati alipo zofuna obschedomovye angakhale ndi phindu zabwino kapena zoipa.
2. muyezo Kutentha unit masamu mu Gcal / m² ndipo ndi wofanana ponseponse a lathyathyathya wina.

Magetsi ODN kuchita masamu mu kWh / m².

Unit muyezo madzi masamu mu cubes pa mita lalikulu ndipo imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri:

1. chimodzi wofanana 0,0903 kyubu pa munthu pamwezi pa mita lalikulu la ODN.
2. gawo lina masamu malinga ndi zomvetsa zamakono poyerekezera okwana mowa, chomwe ndi muyezo kumwa cubes pa munthu amene ali mu nyumba ya. Losses mopitirira malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mbewu m'nyumba. Ndondomeko ndi izi: (0,2 + 0,07 * L) / 4,3.

Mwachitsanzo, mu khumi nyumba zomvetsa anali pafupi twente-kwathunthu. Kumene, chotero chiwerengero chachikulu zikuwoneka bwino kwambiri. A zingakhale umayamba yotithandiza kulowa owerengera. Ngati kauntala amamasulidwa ku nyumbayo, ODN mawerengedwe imakhala ndi mabuku awa mpweya, kutentha, magetsi komanso gasi.

1. buku weniweni umafunika kunja nyumba (mwachitsanzo, Kutentha ndi kuyatsa driveways).
2. kuchuluka anakhala mu ngozi.
3. Losses mu Intaneti zomangamanga.
4. The chodzala kapena vuto mu nyumba, komwe kulibe mamita payekha.
5. Ndondomeko ili: V ODN (1) = V nyumba (2) - V nkhani (3) - V malamulo (4) - V zotsalira (5). Kodi: 1 - voliyumu ya ODN; 2 - mowa pa kauntala kunyumba; 3 - Uwerenge owerengera mu nyumba yonse; 4 - kuchuluka kwa malamulo nyumba, komwe kulibe mamita; 5 - ndi deduction ku ntchito zina.

The chifukwa ndi buku la ODN, womwenso kulingalira tatchulawa. Aliyense wa iwo sadzavutika masamu payokha. Koma kuchuluka okwana ali.

Zitsanzo mawerengedwe ODN

Tiyeni tikambirane zina milandu yeniyeni.

Ngati pafupi ndi nyumba ndi shopu, amene olumikizidwa kwa nyumba Intaneti, iwo ndithudi ndalama ali n'komwe. Ngati ntchito ankadya amalipidwa kwa meters payekha anaika, pamene kuwerengetsa deta yake aphatikizidwa deduction ndi amachotsedwa pa ODN.

Pamene disconnecting ndi riser pa pempho mmodzi wa zatchatchatcha ndi (mwachitsanzo, pamene m'malo batire), kuchuluka kwa maphatikizidwe madzi ayenera m'gulu ngati utumiki amalipidwa nkhani munthu wa nyumba ya. Iye analinso achotsedwa ODN.

Ngati madzi chapakati sasamalira madzi otentha, kuchuluka kwa madzi ozizira kwa Kutentha ndi subtracted ku ODN. madzi ozizira Pankhaniyi uyenera kulipiridwa monga madzi otentha.

Obschedomovoy kumatsutsana kutenthetsa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa utumiki "Kutentha", kuwerengetsa buku limene anakhala pa madzi otentha.

Ngati palibe mamita munthu, koma obschedomovoy ntchito, ndiye chilinganizo zotsatirazi umagwiritsidwa: V ODN (1) = (V nyumba (2) - V zotsalira (3)) * S ODN (4) / S nyumba (5). Kodi: 1 - voliyumu ya ODN; 2 - metered mowa m'nyumba; 3 - deduction ku zinthu zina; 4 - m'dera katundu wamba; 5 - kuchuluka kwa nkhani za anthu ndi malo okwana chuma.

Pakuti nkhani za anthu pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zotsatirazi: V ind. (1) = (V nyumba (2) -. V calc (3)) * S ind. (4) / S nyumba (5). Apa 1 zikutanthauza kuchuluka kwa nkhaniyi, ndi 5 - Uwerenge madera nkhani zathu, pamodzi ndi malo a mtengo ambiri nyumbayi.

Ndi nkhani za anthu obschedomovoy buku anagawira zofuna malingana mtengo zabwino kapena zoipa.

Mu nkhani ya anapezazo zabwino voliyumu anagawira pakati ogula onse, kuphatikizapo nyumba, komanso maudindo ndi masitolo. Malipiro ODN malinga ndi dera nkhani za anthu.

Ndi kugawa zoipa buku kumachitika kokha pa nkhani zogona makasitomala. Pankhaniyi, ntchito zonse mopitirira mogwirizana ndi chiwerengero cha anthu Ufumuyo lililonse chifukwa munthu, ndi Kutentha utumiki - mogwirizana zotsalira za.

N'chifukwa chiyani kuchuluka okwana N'zochititsa chidwi?

The chokwanira cha kulipira ODN wofanana chakhumi cha okwana phindu malipiro risiti. Ngati kuchuluka kwa gulu ili kuposa sate pa zana, pali nkhawa. Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa zambiri, smashing malipiro lonse pang'onopang'ono: ndalama zingati ntchito pa ntchito ya zikepe, kuunikira, mapampu ndi zina zotero. Kuchokera pa zotsatira izi ndi ofunika kuganiza za mphamvu Mwachangu, ndipo mwina angapo miyeso umalimbana kusamala mphamvu. Pankhaniyi, ntchito anakopeka akatswiri lathu yoyenera, ndi iwo, nawonso, amalangiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito luso kofunika ndi zida.

Makamaka ngati mphamvu ya magetsi ya mbali wamba ODN analandira lalikulu kwambiri, anyantchoche tigawane kupeza chifukwa.

ndalama chidwi zofuna obschedomovye amanena kuti nthambo za magetsi Sali abwino. Choncho, kauntala atakhazikitsa ambiri kilowatt-maola. Udindo ukubwera mphamvu magetsi ali gulu makamaka zimatenga kwa maukonde yoyenera. Ngati bungwe satero, ndiye udindo umenewu uli ndi anyantchoche a nyumba.

Komanso, chifukwa ntchito mopanda chilolezo cha chizindikiro amatchedwa "magetsi ODN" Mwina kuwonjezera. Mwachitsanzo, ngati anthu a nyumba makamaka anali sakukhudzidwa ndi magetsi kwa nonpayment, koma mozemba olumikizidwa kwa maukonde, muyenera yomweyo funsani athandizi anu mwayi awo nyumba okha monga kumwa mphamvu udzadutsa zofuna obschedomovyh. Poyamba mlandu ODN komanso kudalira pamaso pa okhalamo owerengera. Ngati palibe, ndiye kuti ndiyenera kulipira magetsi malinga ndi malamulo panopa, komanso kachigawo mphamvu kupita ku zofuna kumwa nyumba yonse. Mwachibadwa, malangizo anasonyeza yekha pafupifupi phindu. Panopa, malinga ndi Federal Chilamulo №261 «Pa Energy Kupulumutsa», mu nyumba zonse mamita munthu kuti anaika. Choncho, akayanjana.

Umboni wa ODN kungakhudzenso yake kutengerapo owerengera gulu la kuitumikira.

Kodi kuchepetsa milandu pa ARF?

Ngati kuchuluka zofuna obschedomovye kubwera waukulu kwambiri, tsatani mfundo izi ayenera kumwedwa kawirikawiri.

magetsi:

• kuyendera kwa kugwirizana wosaloleka magetsi ndi anyantchoche;
• m'malo Kulumikizana magetsi - mwina kwambiri chobvalidwa mu nyumba yakale, komanso ndi kuwonongeka ndi zambiri amazipotokola, ndipo zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti kulimbikira kwa dongosolo ndi kutayika magetsi magetsi (cha ichi, eni nyumba ali ndi ufulu kugwira ntchito kwa malamulo Wachifwamba, bungwe anachititsa kafukufuku mphamvu kufunika m'malo Kulumikizana);
• kukhazikitsa LEDs m'malo incandescent mababu.

Pa nkhani ya madzi:

• kukhazikitsa mamita munthu kulipira mowa, osati malinga ndi mfundo;
• kupereka kuwerenga mita yake.

Pa nkhani ya magetsi - pamaso pa mbali wamba ayenera kugwira olowa kusindikiza yapakati-gululi, m'malo mazenera akale ndi kutchinjiriza kugwira mipope mu zapansi.

Ndi kutchinjiriza wabwino wa imfa kutentha adzakhala kochepa. mazenera ambiri kutsegula m'nyengo yozizira ndi kumasula kutentha. Koma m'pofunika kukhazikitsa ndi valavu ulamuliro pa radiators mu nyumba ya. Izi kawiri kawiri zimachitika isanayambe nyengo yozizira, kotero palibe chifukwa kukhetsa madzi kuchokera riser lapansi.

Kuwonjezera magawo pamwamba, amalipiritsa kwa ODN mutha kumudalira:

• zodalirika zokhudza dera ambiri nyumba chuma;
• chiwerengero cha anthu amoyo.

Choncho, pamene munthu yemwe analembetsa kuti magetsi ndi madzi mfundo kusiya zochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi pamene okhalamo asanu. Choncho, ngati nyumba lokhalamo anthu masiku opitirira asanu otsatizana, malangizo ndi kulipidwa malinga ndi chiwerengero cha anthu amoyo. kukhala mwini ayenera awadziwitse Code Wachifwamba.

Mfundo ndalama kapena IPU zosalongosoka

Mu nkhani ya kulephera mayunitsi munthu kapena zinthu wamba, komanso kulephera kupereka umboni ndi mwini, amalipiritsa adzakhala kuwerenga kuchokera tsiku limene chida anakhala olakwika, kapena kuchokera pachiyambi cha nyengo ya zolipiritsa, ngati tsiku ndi zosatheka kuwerengetsa.

Mu mawerengedwe a pafupifupi kumwa gwero, amene masamu ndi miyezi khumi zapitazi, ndi kwa Kutentha - kuchokera nthawi ya magetsi. Ntchito, mawu ndalama, kapena ziwanda chaka, ndi n'komwe nthawi leni ntchito, koma miyezi osachepera atatu.

Ngati ndi kuwerenga zosatheka ndi ICS kwa miyezi itatu, ndipo phindu kapena imfa - awiri, mlandu adzakhala deta pa malamulo pano.

afufuze zipangizo

GTC ndi ziwanda zifunike kamodzi pachaka, ndipo ngati iwo ali mu malo wosuta, ndiye zosaposa Pakatha miyezi itatu iliyonse.

Pankhaniyi, eni nyumba zonse ziyenera analidziwitsa wa anayendera wopita mwa zindikirani olembedwa, mu zomwe iwo ayenera kusaina ndi kutumiza uthenga ndi tsiku lenileni. Pambuyo Zindikirani mwini adzakhala mkati masiku asanu ndi awiri kuti afotokoze masiku mayeso amene ali yabwino.

Komabe mafunso ena za ARF

Pakati pa 2012 poyera (mos) sali n'komwe pamene kuwerengetsa polandirira msonkho.

Kaya munthu m'kaundula mu nyumba kapena ayi, ARF adzakhala masamu ndipo malinga ndi kukula kwa nyumba ya. Choncho, chiwerengero cha mankhwala kapena chiwerengero cha anthu padzikoli sikungawononge chizindikiro ichi.

Popeza mwini wake wa ndalama nyumba obschedomovye akumufuna adakali kulipira ndondomeko ambiri.

Pomaliza

Kuchokera m'nkhani tinaphunzira za ODN: icho chiri, mfundo atengedwa mu Nkhani anapezazo ndi momwe iwo akuyendera. Pansi panopa malamulo kuonekera zopindika ndi mipata, monga omwe akugwirizana ndi mbali wamba (chisankho payekha unsembe kapena malipiro molingana ndi miyezo). Mu nyumba, kumene ulamuliro wa ikuchitika bungwe, palibe vuto, koma pano Mwachitsanzo, mu HOA angaoneke ngati zosiyanasiyana nkhanza ndi nkhani chabe kwambiri, ndi chifukwa kuti likukhudza anyantchoche.