Penti "Young zojambulajambula" I. I. Firsova

m'nthawi zojambulajambula tinene kuti kwambiri ntchito ikuchitika ndi dzanja Ivana Ivanovicha Firsova, akuphunzitsa mipingo, aang'ono ndi malo. Nthawi zambiri, gulu linanso la wojambula izi angapezeke mu Interiors wa olemera nyumba mabanja. Komabe, nthawi yathu tabwera pansi zochepa chabe mwa ntchito zake, mmodzi amene ali kupenta "Young zojambulajambula". Ndiponso, mbiri yake, komanso moyo wa Mlengi mwini, amafanana zochitika zambiri chidwi ndi mwachinsinsi.

I. I. Firsov: yonena

Tsiku lenileni la kubadwa samadziwika Firsov, koma iye anabadwa padziko 1733 mu Moscow, m'banja la amalonda. Bambo ndi agogo Ivan anali zitithandiza luso - iwo ankachita m'mbale luso nkhuni ndi ntchito zodzikongoletsera. Zinali kwa iwo ndipo anapita kwa mlowammalo kuti talente m'munda wa kupenta.

Mwamsanga pamene zinadziwika kuti achinyamata Firsov ali bwino kwambiri predisposed kwa mtundu umenewu, bungwe banja anaganiza kuti amutume kwa ntchito St. Petersburg. Atangofika, chithunzicho tsogolo zili kumalizitsa ntchito, kumene iye anali nawo ulemerero wa nyumba ndi nyumba za mafumu.

Mu zaka 14 (pa m'badwo uno) Firsov anayamba utumiki Ofesi ya zinyumba, pa kuphunzira yemweyo nthawi ndi osauka talente awo zojambulajambula. Luntha Ivan sanathe yosachita - ntchito yake anamusilira Catherine II palokha, ndipo iye anaumirira maphunziro ake ena, osati paliponse, ndi kunja mu France.

Mu 1756, Firsov akulowa Royal Academy of Paris, ndi kale Pamlingo waukulu anauziridwa ndi ntchito za amisiri French. Kwambiri zochita pa iye anali Chardin kulemba zojambula chosonyeza mtundu wanyimbo zithunzi: chithunzi Ivana Firsova "Young zojambulajambula" ambiri consonant ndi ntchito ya realist Parisian.

Atabwerera ku France (nthawi 1758-1760 gg.) I. I. Firsov anakhala bwalo zojambulajambula. Kutchuka anamupatsa makamaka kudzera kukongoletsa mapanelo pamanja kuti zisudzo zosiyanasiyana ndi chuma. Patapita kanthawi, Ivan anakhala wa ndodo waukulu wa Directorate wa Theaters Imperial.

Mwatsoka, pa zaka zomalizira za zojambulajambula umadziwika pang'ono kwambiri. Pa nkhani imeneyi, kuyerekeza ena deta mbiri ndi tsiku akutchula za Firsov Akatswiri amanena kuti atamwalira mu 1785. Malinga ndi mfundo zina, chithunzicho mwina kutsirizitsa masiku m'nyumba kwa amisala, pamene mapeto a moyo matenda matenda okhudza ubongo.

Ivan anachita okwanira ntchito anapanga kuyitanitsa kasamalidwe, komanso anthu otchuka. Komabe, pang'ono lidakalipobe nthawi yathu. Penti "Young zojambulajambula" nthawi imodzi ndi nkhani za mmene talente wogwidwa Firsov, chimodzimodzinso salola kwambiri zinachitikira zonse chinamulowerera ntchito yake. Mosakayikira yekha: ndi mwaluso kwenikweni m'munda wa mtundu wanyimbo kupenta.

Kufotokozera za pachithunzipa "Young zojambulajambula"

The zikuchokera pa intaneti yosavuta nthawi yomweyo kuti chidwi tsiku ndi tsiku. Cholinga ali kanjedza atatu: mmisiri wamng'ono kwambiri, msungwana wamng'ono ndi mayi ake. Mnyamata yunifomu buluu wakukhala pa mpando, phazi limodzi pa easel ndipo anafotokozera msungwana wamng'ono pamaso pake. Ngakhale kuwoneka omasuka aima, iye lolunjika ndi mokhudza za utakhala wake.

Koma chitsanzo wina amene anavala zovala pinki ndi kapu kuwala, ndi kuti ndi kuyang'ana wokonzeka kuthamanga, kuchita zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa. Mbali imeneyi, monga manyazi, komanso akubwera kupyola mu mtima wake - ankangoyandama kwa amake, mokoma dzanja lake m'khosi mutu mwana wake wamkazi. Mkazi nthawi yomweyo ndi dzanja limodzi ndi kugwira ndi kukhazika mtima pansi pa fidget pang'ono, ndi didactic chachiwiri likuoneka chala chake. Komabe, si pano, ndi mithunzi ya mavuto - choopsa mwina mayi sakutero kwambiri.

Kupatula anthu eni, mu chipinda wodzazidwa ndi kuwala zofewa, monga ena a zinthu chibadidwe mu msonkhano uliwonse wojambula: a kugwira, mannequin, bokosi la utoto ndi maburashi, angapo zithunzi pa khoma.

Pastel ndipo sataya kutsitsimuka awo ndi ndime ya nthawi, kamvekedwe, m'mlengalenga momasuka ndi omasuka tsiku ndi tsiku - izi ndi zimene mukhoza kumaliza bwinobwino za kupenta "The Young zojambulajambula". Chiwembu anapitirira ndi wachikondi zosaneneka, umboni ndi chakuti pachithunzipa sizinalembedwe kuyitanitsa ndi "moyo" mchikakamizo cha maganizo ena.

History kupenta

Penti "Young zojambulajambula" inatha padziko 1768 ku Paris. kupenta uwu ukuulula wotsatira mndandanda wa ntchito mu mtundu wanyimbo chomwecho. Pa nthawi ya kulemba kwa "Young wojambula" Firsov Komanso, zinthu zofanana tinganene kuti mafanizo ena ndi Shibanov Eremeneva kuwauza za moyo wa Amaya.

Mwa njira, mpaka chiyambi cha m'ma XX kuti ankakhulupirira kuti pachithunzipa sichinapangidwe Firsov. "Young zojambulajambula" - chithunzi Mlembi ndi A. Losenko, amene akuyesera kusonyeza dzina chomwecho anasaina kutsogolo. Komabe, otsutsa sanali kukhadzikika mpaka nthawi imene mu 1913, pamene kumupima sichinayambe anaganiza kuthetsa dzina aforesaid imene ili anapezeka ndi dzina la I. I. Firsova.

Pa mphindi, ndi kupenta "Young zojambulajambula" mukusungira Tretyakov Gallery, kumene iye anali chifukwa tate wa m'nyumbayi - wamalonda Pavel Tretyakov, nsalu kulandidwa kwa wokhometsa ena a ng'ombe zamphongo maina lomaliza 1883

kupenta Home monga mtundu wanyimbo ndi maganizo

Russian Academy of Tirhana pa nthawi ya kulemba Firsov ntchito yake yotchuka, tinganene, sanamuzindikire mtundu wanyimbo monga ngati kupenta zonse, kuphatikizapo ake otsika-pamwamba. Mwina mfundo imeneyi ndi chifukwa kuti ntchito ya nthawi yaitali anakhala mu msokhano uno, mu amene adakangalika Ivan Firsov.

Penti "Young zojambulajambula", ngakhale izi, koma ndinaona kuwala, ndipo tsopano ankaona kuti chitsanzo chidwi kwambiri polemba chinenero kupenta nyumba ya atumwi XVIII., Ndipo phindu la izo kuchokera ukuwonjezeka uno wokha.

The kupenta zaluso Russian

Chachikulu kusiyana lagona pa nsalu zake zinthu zina. Kwalembedwa ndi chikondi, popanda kugonjera malamulo iliyonse yapamwamba zapamwamba. Image lachidule kuchokera tsiku ndi tsiku, popanda anakopekanso, chenicheni zimabwezera kusunga malamulo a - ndicho chimene otsutsa zimaonetsa ndi kupenta "Young zojambulajambula". Anthu samakhala ke, iwo ali wokongola mu kuphweka ake, kuti sanali konse lililonse la zojambulajambula Russian a nthawi.

Ndicho chifukwa chake kwa nthawi yaitali, palibe munthu kucheza aliyense ndi chakuti ntchito imeneyi ikuchitika ndi dzanja compatriot wathu. m'munda wa akatswiri luso anatsimikizira kuti utoto chithunzi zosagwirizana ndi zimene zinachitika mu Russia m'zaka XVIII. malinga ndi mzimu kuti amalenga kuganiza bwino lomwe za immediacy ndi atypical.

Zojambula zina I. I. Firsova

Komabe, ntchito ku funso - si onse amene anatisiyira cholowa Firsov. "Young zojambulajambula" - chithunzi cha manja a mbuye mu polemba chinenero chimenechi, tinganene yekha, koma pali wina chinsalu anapulumutsidwa. Njirayi imatchedwa "Maluwa ndi Zipatso" ndipo ndi kukongoletsa gulu, poyamba kuyikidwa mu wa Catherine Palace. Olembedwa ntchito zonse mu kalembedwe chosiyana, komabe iwo a burashi wa Ivan Ivanovich, kusonyeza ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana ndi m'maganizo a luntha lake.