Sackheim Chipata: mbiriyakale ndi kufotokoza

City Königsberg kapena Kaliningrad linkadziwika kuti "mzinda pa zipata zitatu." Kwa zaka zingapo, likulu lake atamangira ndi nyumba yatsopano, si onse amene anapulumuka masiku ano. Komabe, amene apulumutsidwa, kukopa alendo chaka chonse. Amodzi mwa malo ambiri anafika mu Kaliningrad - Sackheim Chipata. Za iwo kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

zipata zonse za Konigsberg

Mu mzinda uwu, kalelo anatumikira monga linga, komabe alendo kubwera kuyang'ana zitsanzo za zomangamanga German, kumvetsera nkhani za nkhani mmene awo. Poyamba, Koenigsberg unazunguliridwa ndi zipata khumi, koma pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, ena mwa iwo anawonongedwa. A okwana asanu ndi atatu kumanzere.

Onse a iwo anapanga Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana a zomangamanga German. Tsopano iwo pafupifupi konse ntchito cholinga chake. Iwo ali wotchuka alendo kopita. Kuyamba Mosiyana ndi nyumba adzamangidwa mu nthawi zosiyana, iwo kukopa anthu a m'dziko lonse lapansi.

Chifukwa ntchito chipata?

Nthawi zina, iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito zolinga zosiyana. Tsopano pafupifupi onsewo ndi malo mungathere nthawi zachikhalidwe. Kwa makomo a Konigsberg, kapena Kaliningrad, ndi:

• Frilandskie chipata m'nyumba umene unakonzedwa ndi Museum mu 2002. Mukhoza kukaona chionetsero cha zinthu zakale anapeza mu nthawi unawonongedwa. Kuno ndi zakale, kumene mungapeze mudziwe mmene moyo mu Kaliningrad akale inamangidwa.
• The Brandenburg Chipata akadali ukugwirira ntchito ngati anafuna: atembenuke kudutsa magalimoto imakonzedwa njira trams. Iwo ndiotetezedwa ndi boma ngati chipilala mapulani.
• Friedrichsburg chipata omwenso limzake. Komabe, sikuti kuwaletsa kuti ntchito ili mu nthambi ya World Ocean Museum. Pano mukhoza kuphunzira mbiri ya shipbuilding, onani zojambula ndi zithunzi wodzipereka kwa ntchito imeneyi. Komanso, zitsanzo bwato, inakhazikitsa mu Russia, nawonso ili mu owonetsera zakale izi.
• Rossgarten - mmodzi wa okongola kwambiri zipata zonse kupulumuka kwa Konigsberg. Panopa ili mu malo omwera izi. Casemates ozungulira yoyamba ija, ntchito ngati athandizira ndi linanena bungwe, zovala, zofunikira ndi malo khitchini.
• Mfumu Chipata anali woposa kamodzi anamanganso ndi kuwonongedwa. Padangokhala iwo ankagwira ntchito yamabuku ndi malo omwera ndi ngakhale nyumba yosungiramo katundu, koma tsopano ndinu nthambi ya World Ocean Museum. Apa ife anasonkhana zitsanzo wapatali Amber.
• Mu Ausfalskih chipata ntchito kukhala malo ankhondo, bomba pogona, malo. Apa, pamene mosungiramo madzi agulidwa. Kumapeto kwa zaka mazana makumi awiri, ndi yopemphereramo wa St. George inamangidwa ulemu wa asilikali wagwa. Tsopano tchalitchi, ndi chipata chiri gawo la Mzinda wa Art ndi History Museum.
• Sackheim zipata ankagwiritsa ntchito kuwanyamula mitundu yonse ya zochitika chikhalidwe. Monga ulamuliro, pali zambiri zosiyanasiyana misonkhano, zoimbaimba ndi zisudzo.
• Railway Chipata a mbiri Zinthu. Iwo ali mu paki, koma posakhalitsa adzaikidwa pa malo a chionetsero pa mutu wa nkhondo.

nkhani

Sackheim zipata ndi mbali ya woyamba chomenyerapo nkhondo kulimbitsa Kaliningrad, yomwe inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri. Kamangidwe mapulani analengedwa ndi Professor Strauss, amene anaphunzitsa pa University of Konigsberg. Mu 1860 nyumbayi anamangidwanso mogwirizana ndi ntchito, yemwe akufuna ndi Ernst Ludwig Von Aster. Isanafike 1848, akhala choncho, zimene iwo akhoza kuwona tsopano kuti zinali za matabwa.

Mpaka m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi kulowa mumzinda zinali zotheka chifukwa chipata uyu, chifukwa apa panali ulendo.

zomangamanga

Ngati inu kusankha analogue, chipata Sackheim kwambiri ngati Friedrichsburg. Ali ndi kumanga olimba, ali wolemera, cholimba ndi wangwiro. Iwo tinakonza nsanja chokongoletsedwa ndi Lancet mazenera maonekedwe ndi reliefs mkulu. Iwo akuonetsedwa ngwazi za nkhondo Napoleonic. Pa medallions awiri chithunzi Tingaone kanjedza ngati asilikali monga Johann David Ludwig York ndi Fridrih Vilgelm Buelow. Mwatsoka, panopa palibe thandizo mkulu pa chipata.

Kumbali awo akunja ya Black Eagle anali kale. Tsopano sikutheka kuona malo omwewo, koma anthu mukumukumbukira iye. chakuti iye anakhala mmodzi mwa zizindikiro za mzinda ufulu otchedwa Königsberg kapena Kaliningrad. Sackheim chipata malo chitsanzo anali apamwamba Prussian mphoto - dongosolo la Black Mphungu. Mwambi ake adamva mawu akuti: "Aliyense wake."

Kamangidwe

Pankhani dongosolo zomangamanga, ndiye angatchedwe wapadera. Mwachitsanzo:

• Niches kuti anayikidwa pakati battlements ndi amafanana mtanda Latin, zomwe mwinamwake amatchedwa mtanda wa West, komanso mtanda wa moyo.
• Pakhomo la mzinda inali ya kutsegula kwa drawbridge lapansi. Tsopano mtsinje, amene anatsogolera, zikuwoneka ngati dzenje tchire.

Komanso, pamaso pa awiri medallions chithunzi ndi reliefs mkulu wa Black Mphungu ndi kuchita zipata zomangamanga wapadera.

kusankhidwa

Poyamba chipata otchedwa Sackheim anali kukhala mbali ya dongosolo kumbuyo kwa mzindawo. Iwo amamanga zamphamvu pofuna kukwaniritsa ntchito yake kwa zaka zambiri. Koma posakhalitsa, ndi mikondo, amenenso akanakhala nawo ndi mbali ya mtima wa Konigsberg woyamba asiya ntchito zawo, kotero chipata anayamba kuonedwa ngati analogue a Chipilala cha kupambana.

Sackheim chipata, amene mbiri unalembedwa zaka zingapo, anatumikira zosiyanasiyana zolinga. Tikachoka lachiwiri World nkhondo anakafera, iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito ngati zida yosungirako. Choncho iwo anatumikira kwa chaka chimodzi cha lachitatu Zakachikwi.

Kenako anayamba kubwezeretsa awo, ndipo kenako wadutsa kuchokera ku dzanja m'manja. Chifukwa, iwo pansi pa ulamuliro wa Union Kaliningrad ojambula. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mwachitsanzo, mu 2013, luso nsanja chakonzedwa pano pansi pa dzina la "Gates."

chuma

Iwo anakhulupirira kuti malo kumene ambiri chuma, ndi mzinda wa Kaliningrad. Sackheim Chipata zithunzi za amene angapezeke mu nkhani iyi, kamodzinso akutsimikiza mfundo imeneyi.

Choncho, zaka mazana makumi awiri, ndipo dzina tsiku lenileni ndi September 1, 1979, chuma cha mtengo wapatali kwambiri anapezeka mu chapansi pa chipilala cha zomangamanga. Bokosi, amene anakumba, munali zitsanzo wapadera ware zopangidwa zingwe zadothi, galasi ndi mchere.

maulendo

Anthu okhala Kaliningrad ndipo ankabwera kwa mzinda uno kuti timudziwe bwino zokonda zake, ayenera pitani Sackheim Chipata. Ulendo kuti malowa kupereka alendo mwayi wophunzira zambiri za mbiri ndi kuona zitsanzo za zomangamanga German.

Kamodzi Kaliningrad ankadziwika ngati mzinda greenest mu dziko. Kubwerera ku ulemerero wake wakale, anthu kulikonse mitengo ndi kulenga minda lonse. Mmodzi wa iwo ali pafupi ndi chipata izi. Komanso, pali nyanja pafupi Sackheim Chipata, amenenso ofunika odzacheza, kuyenda Königsberg wachikulire kapena Kaliningrad.