45 Gulu Loyamba. Gulu la Special Forces Airborne Forces. Zida Zapakati pa Russia

Anthu otchedwa Russian paratroopers amalemekezedwa osati m'dziko lawo lomwelo. Dziko lonse limawalemekeza. Zidziwika bwino kuti mkulu wina wa ku America ananena kuti ngati ali ndi kampani ya Russian paratroopers, akanatha kugonjetsa dziko lonse lapansi. Zina mwa zida za asilikali a Russia - gulu la asilikali okwana 45. Ali ndi nthano yosangalatsa, mbali yayikulu yomwe imakhala ndi zochita zamanyazi.

Timanyada ndi oweruza athu, timayesetsa kukhala olimba mtima, olimba mtima ndi okonzeka nthawi zonse pofuna kuteteza zofuna za amayi. Masamba olemekezeka a mbiri yakale ya USSR, ndiyeno ku Russia, anawonekera, makamaka chifukwa cha masewero olimbitsa thupi a a paratroopers. Asilikali omwe akutumikira ku Airborne, mopanda mantha anachita ntchito zovuta komanso ntchito yapadera. Msilikali wapamtunda ndi amodzi mwa machitidwe apamwamba a asilikali a Russia. Asilikali akufunitsitsa kupita kumeneko, akufuna kudzimverera okha pakupanga mbiri yakale ya nkhondo ya dziko lawo.

Mtsinje wa 45 Wotsitsimula: Mfundo Zenizeni

Gulu la makumi asanu ndi limodzi la asilikali okwera magulu ankhondo lomwe linapanga ndege linakhazikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa 1994. Maziko ake anali mabungwe amodzi nambala 218 ndi 901. Pakatikati pa chaka regiment inali ndi zida ndi asilikali. Dipatimenti ya 45th inayamba ntchito yake yoyamba mu December 1994 ku Chechnya. A paratroopers adagwira nawo nkhondo mpaka February 1995, ndiyeno anabwerera ku dera la Moscow, pansi pa ntchito yawo yosatha. Mu 2005, boma linalandira alonda a asilikali omenyera nkhondo nambala 119 Order of Alexander Nevsky.

Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, gulu la asilikali linadziwika kuti ndi 45th Airborne Regiment of the Airborne Forces. Koma kumayambiriro kwa 2008 adatchulidwanso kukhala gulu lapadera. Mu August chaka chomwechi, adagwira nawo ntchito yapadera kuti akakamize Georgia ku mtendere. Mu 2010, gulu laling'ono la regiment nambala 45 linapulumutsa chitetezo cha nzika zaku Russia mu chisokonezo ku Kyrgyzstan.

Prehistory

Chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa gulu la alonda la makumi asanu ndi limodzi la makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu (9th) ndi gulu la asilikali okwana 901 lapadera. Pa nthawiyi, asilikali a nkhondo yoyamba adagwira nawo ntchito zitatu zolimbana. M'chaka cha 1992, gululi linagwira ntchito ku Transnistria, mu September - m'madera omwe magulu a nkhondo a Ossetian ndi a Ingush adagonjetsedwa, mu December - ku Abkhazia.

Nkhondo ya nambala 901 kuyambira 1979 inali mbali ya asilikali a Soviet m'chigawo cha Czechoslovakia, mu 1989, anasamukira ku Latvia n'kupita ku bungwe la Baltic Military District. Mu 1991, gulu la asilikali okwana 901st adapitsidwanso ku Abkhaz ASSR. Mu 1992, adatchedwanso Parachute Battalion. Mu 1993, mapangidwewo anachita ntchito zokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha malo ndi magulu ankhondo. Kumapeto kwa 1993, gululi linatumizidwa ku madera a Moscow. Kenaka Dipatimenti Yachisanu Yachivomezi ya Russia inatulukira.

Mphoto

Mu 1995, Dipatimenti ya 45 ya Airborne inalandira Mphatso ya Purezidenti ya Russia ku Mayiko. Mu July 1997, mapangidwewa anapatsidwa chiwerengero cha mabungwe a Airborne Number Regiment 5, omwe adachita nawo nkhondo pa Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachikhalidwe. Mu 2001, boma linalandiridwa ndi Mtumiki wa Chitetezo cha Vympel - chifukwa cha kulimbika mtima, maphunziro apamwamba a nkhondo ndi mphamvu zenizeni ndi kutenga nawo mbali m'magulu a asilikali ku Chechnya. Gulu la 45 la Alonda Airborne Ligwirizanitsa Lamulo la Kutuzov - lamulo lofanana ndilo linalembedwa ndi Pulezidenti wa Russia. Gulu la asilikali linapatsidwa mphoto iyi chifukwa cha kupambana mu ntchito zowonongeka, zomwe asilikali amawonetsera ndi kulimba mtima, kulimba mtima. Gululi linakhala woyamba woyamba wa Order of Kutuzov m'mbiri yamakono ya dziko lathu. Mu July 2009, mapangidwe adalandira banki ya St. George.

Mutu wa Hero wa Russia unaperekedwa kwa asilikali khumi, omwe malo awo operekera anali 45th Airborne Regiment. Lamulo la Chilimbikitso linaperekedwa kwa anthu 79 olemba ntchito. Ndondomeko ya Order "For Services to Fatherland" ya digiri yachiwiri inapatsidwa kwa khumi servicemen wa regiment. Lamulo lakuti "Msonkhano wa Military", komanso "For Services to the Fatherland" anali, potsatira, seventeen ndi atatu paratroopers. Medals "For Courage" anapatsidwa kwa 174 servicemen, ndipo ndondomeko ya Suvorov inali 166. Anthu asanu ndi awiri anapatsidwa ndondomeko ya Zhukov.

Chikumbutso

Mzinda wa Moscow wa Kubinka, wotchedwa 45th Airborne Regiment, umakhazikitsidwa kumeneko - mu July 2014 ndi malo omwe phwando lachisangalalo linaperekedwa kwa zaka 20 zokonzekera mapangidwe awo. Chochitikacho chinachitika pakhomo lotseguka - a paratroopers anasonyezera maluso awo omenyera kwa alendo, parachute mayunitsi anachokera kumwamba kuchokera mbendera ya ndege, ndipo otchuka oyendetsa ndege kuchokera "Russian Knights" timu anasonyeza zozizwitsa aerobatics pa magetsi jets.

Nkhondo yodabwitsa ngati gawo la Airborne Force

Mitundu ya asilikali yomwe ikuphatikizapo 45th regiment - Maulendo Okhazikika (Russian Airborne Troops) a Russia. Mbiri yawo imakhalapo kuyambira pa 2 August, 1930. Kenaka m'dziko lathu la parachute likuthamangira magulu oyambirira a asilikali a District of Moscow. Icho chinali mtundu wa kuyesa komwe kunawonetsa aamulungu a usilikali kuti kutalika kotani kumene kuyendera kwa magulu a parachute kuchokera kumalo openyera ntchito zolimbana kungakhale. Kugawidwa koyamba kwa magulu ankhondo a USSR kunawonekera kokha chaka chotsatira ku District Ledrad Military. Mapangidwewa anaphatikizapo anthu 164, onse - servicemen a zinyanja. Pachiyambi cha Nkhondo Yaikulu Yokonda Dziko Lopatulika ku USSR panali magulu asanu oyenda pamlengalenga, m'modzi mwa asilikali omwe analipo zikwi khumi.

Zida Zogonjetsa Ndege Panthawi ya Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachikondi

Nkhondoyo itayamba, asilikali onse a Soviet analowa pankhondozo ku Ukraine, Belarusian, Lithuanian Republics. Ntchito yaikulu kwambiri yomwe ikuphatikizapo oweruza pa nthawi ya nkhondo ikuonedwa ngati nkhondo ndi gulu la Ajeremani pafupi ndi Moscow kumayambiriro kwa 1942. Kenaka anthu 10,000 a paratroopers adagonjetsa chofunikira kwambiri kuti apambane. Mbali za mphamvu zokhudzana ndi ndege zinagwirizanitsidwa ndi nkhondo pafupi ndi Stalingrad.

Anthu otchedwa paratroopers a gulu la Soviet analiteteza mzindawo molemekeza. Asilikali a asilikali a USSR analowerera pankhondoyi itatha kugonjetsedwa kwa Hitlerite Germany - mu August 1945 anamenyana ku Far East kukamenyana ndi asilikali a ku Japan. Asilikali oposa 4,000 a paratrooper anathandiza asilikali a Soviet kuti apambane patsogolo kwambiri.

Nkhondo itatha

Kusamala kwambiri, malinga ndi akatswiri a nkhondo, mu ndondomeko ya chitukuko chankhondo yotsutsana ndi magulu ankhondo a USSR anapatsidwa ku bungwe la zochitika zankhondo kumbuyo kwa mdani, kuwonjezera mphamvu zogonjetsa asilikali, ndi kugwirizana ndi magulu ankhondo, pogwiritsa ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito zida za atomiki. Ankhondo anayamba kukhala ndi ndege zatsopano za AN-12 ndi AN-22, zomwe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa katundu wawo, zinkatha kupulumutsa magalimoto, magalimoto ankhondo, zida zankhondo ndi njira zina zolimbana ndi adani.

Chaka chilichonse ntchito zambiri zamagulu zinkachitika pamodzi ndi gulu la asilikali. Zina mwa zazikulu kwambiri - zomwe zinachitika m'chaka cha 1970 mu Belarusian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Pogwiritsa ntchito zochitika za Dvina, asilikali opitirira 7,000 ndi magalimoto ankhondo oposa 150 ndi mfuti anagwetsedwa. Mu 1971, masewera olimbitsa thupi "South" anachitidwa mofanana. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, ntchito yoyamba ya ndege zatsopano za Il-76 zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amphibious zinayesedwa. Mpaka kugwa kwa Soviet Union, magulu ankhondo omwe anali nawo pazochitika zonse mobwerezabwereza anaonetsa luso lolimbana kwambiri.

Zida Zogonjetsa Zaka Russia Masiku Ano

Tsopano magulu othamanga amaonedwa kuti ndi mapulani omwe amatchedwa okha (kapena ngati mbali ya mabungwe a nkhondo) kuti apange nkhondo zolimbana pamakani osiyanasiyana - kuchokera kuderalo kupita kudziko lonse lapansi. Pafupifupi 95 peresenti ya asilikali omwe ali pamlengalenga ali mu malo okonzekera nkhondo yomaliza. Kupanga maofesiwa kumatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa zida zankhondo zamtundu wa Russia. Iwo amafunikanso kuti achite ntchito zogwira ntchito kumenyana kumbuyo kwa mdani.

Monga gawo la magulu ankhondo a Russia - magawo anayi, malo ake ophunzitsira, bungwe, komanso zigawo zambiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito kuonetsetsa, kupereka ndi kutumikira.

Nthano ya magulu ankhondo a Russia ndi "Palibe wina koma ife!" Ntchito ya paratrooper imalingaliridwa ndi ambiri kukhala imodzi mwapamwamba komanso nthawi imodzi yovuta. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 2010, mabungwe okwera ndege adatumizira maofti 4,000, asilikali 7,000 ogwirizana, ndi 24,000. Anthu ena 28,000 ndi ogwira ntchito zandale.

Paratroopers ndi Ntchito ku Afghanistan

Kugwira ntchito kwakukulu kwa mabungwe okwera ndege kumenyana ndi nkhondo yayikulu kudziko la Afghanistan kukuchitika ku Afghanistan. Pa nkhondo zomwe zinagulukana magawo 103, gulu la asilikali 56, asilikali okwana 345, mabomba awiri, magulu a mfuti. Ofufuza ambiri amakhulupirira kuti zenizeni za kayendetsedwe ka usilikali ku Afghanistan sizinatanthawuze kuti kugwiritsa ntchito parachute kukhala njira yabwino yosamutsira nkhondo. Izi, malinga ndi ofufuza, zikuchitika chifukwa cha mapiri a dzikoli, komanso mtengo wapatali wa ntchito zoterezi. Antchito a magulu ankhondo, monga lamulo, anasamutsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito helikopita.

Ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ya asilikali a USSR Air Afghanistan ku Afghanistan inali nkhondo ya Pandzher mu 1982. Oposa 4,000 a paratroopers adalowamo (ndi chiwerengero cha asilikali ogwira ntchitoyi, anthu 12,000). Chifukwa cha nkhondo, gulu la Soviet linatha kutenga zambiri za Panghersky Gorge pansi pa ulamuliro wawo.

Kuthamanga kwadzidzidzi atatha kugwa kwa USSR

Paratroopers, ngakhale zovuta zomwe zinachitika pambuyo pa kugwa kwa mphamvu zopambana, anapitiriza kuteteza zofuna za dziko lawo. Nthawi zambiri ankakhala mwamtendere m'madera omwe kale anali Soviet. Oweruza a ku Russia adadzitcha okha padziko lonse panthawi ya nkhondo Yugoslavia mu 1999. Asilikali a asilikali a ku Russia anawombera mfuti yotchuka ku Pristina, atatha kuthetsa asilikali ku NATO.

Pitani ku Pristina

Usiku wa 11 mpaka 12 June 1999, oweruza a ku Russia anaonekera ku Yugoslavia, kuyambira ku Bosnia ndi Herzegovina. Anakwanitsa kutenga ndege, yomwe ili pafupi ndi mzinda wa Pristina. Patatha maola angapo, asilikali a NATO anawonekera. Zina mwa zochitika zimenezo zimadziwika. Makamaka, General wa US Army Clark adalamula mnzake wake kuchokera ku Britain kuti ateteze anthu a ku Russia kuti asamayende bwino. Anayankha kuti sakufuna kukwiyitsa nkhondo yachitatu yapadziko lonse. Komabe, mbali yayikulu ya chidziwitso choyenera kuntchito ku Pristina sizinayambika.

Ma Marines a ku Russia ku Chechnya

Zida Zogonjetsa Zigawenga za ku Russia zinaphatikizapo nkhondo zonse za Chechen. Ponena za choyamba - zambiri za deta zili zinsinsi. Zimadziwika, mwachitsanzo, kuti pakati pa ntchito zotchuka kwambiri pa msonkhano wachiwiri wokhudzana ndi magulu ankhondo ndi nkhondo ya Argun. Ankhondo a ku Russia analandira ntchito yotseka gawo lofunika kwambiri la misewu yonyamulira yomwe ikuyenda motsatira mtsinje wa Argun. Pa iwo, olekanitsa adalandira chakudya, mikono ndi mankhwala. Paratroopers adagwirizanitsa ntchitoyi mu December monga gawo la Gulu la 56 la Airborne.

Wodziwika wotchuka ndi anthu otchuka omwe amamenya nawo nkhondo kumtunda wa 776 pafupi ndi Ulus-Kert ya Chechen. Mu February 2000, kampani yachisanu ndi chimodzi ya magulu ankhondo ochokera ku Pskov adalowa nkhondo ndi Khattab ndi Basayev, maulendo khumi. Patsikulo amenyana anali atatsekedwa mkati mwa gorge la Argun. Pokwaniritsa ntchitoyo, asirikali a kampani ya Pskov Airborne sanadzipulumutse okha. Panali anthu asanu ndi awiri omwe anapulumuka anasiya moyo.

Anthu otchedwa Russian paratroopers ndi nkhondo ya Chijojiya-Abkhaz

M'zaka za m'ma 1990, magulu a magulu ankhondo otchedwa Russian Federation anagwira ntchito m'madera omwe nkhondo ya Georgian-Abkhaz ikuchitika, makamaka ntchito za kusunga mtendere. Koma mu 2008, a paratroopers adagwira nawo ntchito zankhondo. Asilikali a ku Georgian atagonjetsa South Ossetia, mbali zina za asilikali a ku Russia anatumizidwa kunkhondo, kuphatikizapo 76th Airborne Division of Russia kuchokera ku Pskov. Malingana ndi akatswiri ambiri ofufuza zankhondo, pa ntchito yapadera imeneyi panalibe malo akuluakulu okhala ndi amphibious. Komabe, malinga ndi akatswiri, kutengapo mbali kwa oweruza a ku Russia akhala ndi zotsatira zokhudzana ndi maganizo - choyamba, pa utsogoleri wa ndale wa Georgia.

Gulu la makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu asanu: kukonzanso

Posachedwapa, pali malipoti kuti 45th Airborne Regiment ingalandire dzina lolemekezeka la regiment ya "Preobrazhensky". Kupanga asilikali ndi dzina limeneli kunakhazikitsidwa ndi Peter Wamkulu ndipo anakhala nkhani yodabwitsa. Pali ndondomeko yoyamba yokhudza kuti 45th Air Force Regiment ya RF iyenera kutchulidwanso kuchokera ku mawu a Purezidenti wa Russia omwe anatsutsa maganizo akuti asilikali a Russia ayenera kupezeka mayina omwe amatchedwa mayina otchuka monga Semenovsky ndi Preobrazhensky. Pa imodzi ya mabungwe a asilikali a zankhondo zowonongeka za Russia, monga momwe ziwonetsedwera m'mabuku ena, pempho la Purezidenti lidayankhidwa, ndipo motero, anthu omwe ali ndi udindowo adalangizidwa kukonzekera chidziwitso choyambirira pa ntchito pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa maboma a mbiri yakale. N'zotheka kuti mutu wa Preobrazhensky udzalandira 45 gulu lapadera mphamvu za Airborne Nkhondo za Russia.