A chotsutsana boma: lingaliro, mitundu, makhalidwe

A upandu maulamuliro dziko, komanso chopunthwitsa ndi zofuna za utumiki kapena makampani dziko matupi a dera wodzilamulira - ndi zochita oopsa (kapena sakuchita). atumiki anachita anthu amene si akuluakulu, akuluakulu aboma, nduna zina kapena ogwira ntchito ena kudutsa njira ya zofuna za utumiki, chifukwa malo iwo amakhala pa udindo. Zochita kapena zosiyidwa chimawononga munthu wamba ovomerezedwa ndi maulamuliro, komanso mndandanda wa zofuna za usilikali kapena akuluakulu a boma. Iwo anyamula kuwopsyeza kwa kuchititsa kuwonongeka zimenezi.

zosiyanasiyana milandu

Mu gawo lapadera la malamulo a boma pankhani 255 zosiyanasiyana milandu. Mwa iwo anaganiza kuonetsetsa magulu waukulu asanu cha zokhumudwitsa:

• ndi munthu;
• asilikali chokhumudwitsa;
• ndi chitetezo cha anthu;
• maulamuliro dziko;
• mu zachuma;
• ndi mtendere ndi chitetezo cha anthu.

Makhalidwe analakwira Boma lili palibe malamulo a chilango, ndi chiphunzitso cha malamulo a boma.

mbali

Analakwira boma ndi utumiki wothandiza ndi mbali:

• Machitidwe wachita zisudzo payekha. Kupatulapo - kupereka ziphuphu. Nkhani imeneyi si zachilendo.
• Upandu asawotcheko chifukwa chakuti nkhaniyi ali ndi ofesi yaikulu kapena ulamuliro boma amagwiritsa yake.
• Machitidwe muli kuukira boma la boma chigawo, komanso zingasokoneze ntchito yachibadwa ya matupi kulamulira ndi maulamuliro onse.

zolakwa

Ndichinthu anawagawa m'magulu ena, omwe abwera pansi pa nkhani za malamulo kuyan'anila za Russia.

Analakwira boma:

• molakwika udindo wovomerezeka (Article 286.);
• nkhanza boma ulamuliro (285 v.);
• Powonjezera boma akaundula mwachionekere nkhani zonama (Article 285,3.);
• misappropriation kugula ndalama bajeti (Article 285,1.);
• zinyalala zosayenera ndalama boma sanali bajeti ndalama (Article 285 gawo 2).
• ntchito boma ufulu (Article 288.);
• kulephera kwa anthu a Mkati lamulo (Article 286,1.);
• chokana kupereka uthenga ku Nyumba ya Federal, ndi kukana kwa Nkhani Komiti ya deta (Article 287.);
• zinthu zophwanya malamulo malonda (Article 289.);
• ziphuphu (Article 291.);
• kulandira ziphuphu (Article 290.);
• Pokambiranapo pankhani ya ziphuphu (Article 291,1.);
• ang'ono kumezanitsa (Art 291,2.);
• kuonera utumiki (292 v.);
• oletsedwa issuance wa zitupa za nzika za la Russia, ndipo mofanana mwachionekere kufotokoza onyenga mu pepala, chifukwa oipa kupeza nzika ya Russian Federation (Article 292,1.);
• irresponsibility (chosasamala) (Art. 293).

upandu committer

Mu ambiri milandu nkhani mulole kokha boma.

Anyamatawo ndi anthu amene kanthawi kalekale kapena pa ulamuliro wapadera kugwira ntchito yake yoyang'anira, ntchito m'mabungwe ndiponso oyang'anira mu boma mu ziwalo dera wodzilamulira mabungwe oyang'anira tauni adzamtumikira mu Russian onyamula Mphamvu, asilikali ena ndi dongosolo asilikali.

Munthu amene yochepa kuchita malingana ndi malo enieni, akhoza kuzindikira watilakwira kuti ngati ntchito ziletso pa munthu m'njira zolamulidzwazo potsata mwambo.

mbali Lingaliro

Pofuna kumvetsa zimene ndi chotsutsana boma, ayenera kumvetsa malingaliro a ntchito anachita ndi mkulu wa boma.

M'gulu ndi utsogoleri ntchito - ntchito nawo utsogoleri gulu, kusankha ndi chiphunzitso ogwira, bungwe kapena utumiki Kumvetsela ntchito, ntchito zolimbikitsa ndi imposition wa ziletso chilango, yokonza chilango.

ntchito ka boma ndi chuma akutchedwa, monga mphamvu kutaya ndi kasamalidwe katundu, komanso ndalama zomwe ali pa pepala malire komanso nkhani banki, amene ali pa magulu kapena mabungwe komanso mayunitsi ndi mayunitsi asilikali. zochita zina kugwa pano: zothetsera kwa kopeleka malipiro, mabonasi kulamulira kayendedwe ka chuma, kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo limene kusunga chuma.

chinthu upandu

Analakwira boma zimasonyezanso chinthu. Lingaliro analakwira boma zikutanthauza kuti chinthu amakhala malamulo ndi machitidwe malamulo a ntchito wabwinobwino wa mabungwe mizinda yambiri ndi boma, LSG, zachitetezo, mayunitsi zosiyanasiyana lankhondo la Russia ndi manja ena.

Chinthu atangochimwa chikoka ndi ufulu yovomerezeka ndi zofuna yovomerezeka anthu ndi mabungwe. Komanso apa ndi zofuna za anthu, zofuna osiyana a boma, lomwe ndiotetezedwa mwa lamulo.

Cholinga mbali imasonyeza kukhalako kwa zizindikiro za deta malfeasance ndi kuvomerezedwa:

• Kuchita izi, kukakumana ndi zofuna za utumiki. Macitidwe osati kukakumana ndi mwachindunji cholinga thupi, komanso losemphana ndi mphamvu amene anaupereka boma.
• A ubwenzi causal pakati chakuti munthu wachita, ndipo zotsatira za ntchito kapena sakuchita.

Kusiyana antchito

General makhalidwe analakwira boma, zofuna za dziko kumaphatikizapo anakhumudwitsa chilango mlingo umene zimasiyanasiyana malinga zimene munthuyo wachita mchitidwewo.

Lingaliro la nduna ndi kuchepera kuposa maganizo mtumiki boma kapena pagulu.

nzika A amene amachita ntchito anatumizidwa izo, amalipiritsa, amene analipira ku nkhani Russian Federation kapena ndalama boma, amatchedwa atumiki.

Munthu ochita ntchito anaikidwa kuti izo, amalipiritsa, amene analipira ku dera matupi wodzilamulira anaitana antchito oyang'anira tauni.

Choncho kokha mpaka kunena kuti aliyense wogwira ntchito ndi mkulu, koma boma aliyense adzakhala boma kapena oyang'anira tauni antchito.

Anthu ogwira ntchito amene alibe maudindo boma Adzakhala akuyan'anila Chapter 30 a Code Wachifwamba (makamaka 288 Art. Ndi Art. 292).

kuopsa kwa upandu

boma ali ndi udindo kuonetsetsa kuti miyoyo ya anthu mudziko lonse ndi kulenga anthu unapangidwa bungwe ndi omasuka. Anthu amene amachita ziwawa ndi boma, amalangidwa kwambiri.

ankaona oopsa kwambiri, makamaka:

• zida kupanduka;
• woukira boma ;
• incitement cha kudana kwa mafuko ndi incitement chidani chipembedzo;
• espionage;
• woukira, divulging zinsinsi dziko.

Mmene kwenikweni ndi boma mphamvu kwakukulukulu zimadalira Mgwirizano wa ntchito ya atumiki a boma, komanso kukhulupirika kwawo. boma sayenera ndipo sadzalola ziphuphu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya anthu kuti agwilitse udindo m'boma.

chilango

Analakwira boma la Code Wachifwamba asathabusa popanda zokambirana.

Mwachitsanzo, owonjezera mphamvu nduna:

• Ngati mchitidwewo zinachititsa kuphwanya zinthu yovomerezeka ndi ufulu wa nzika kapena mabungwe ndi zinthu aliyense otetezedwa a boma kapena anthu, ndipo anachita pa aganyu asanauzidwe kapena ena amaganizira. Pankhaniyi, chilango kumaphatikizapo chilango cha 80 000 rubles. ndalamazo akhoza m'malo ndi ndalama iliyonse nzika kwa nthawi mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. chisankho khoti akhoza sadzaloledwa udindo wa msinkhu makamaka kapena mtundu, kapena kuchita zinthu zenizeni. Liwu la chilango ngati kungakhale kwa zaka 5. Zingakhalenso chilango mu mawonekedwe a ntchito yokakamiza kwa zaka zinayi. M'malo chilango ichi akhoza kumangidwa kwa miyezi inayi mpaka isanu ndi umodzi. Ndi chilango kuyeza kwambiri, kuonetsanso kulandidwa ufulu kwa zaka 4.
• Mchitidwe womwewo, koma zochita zawo ndi munthu yemwe akugwira kale ntchito pagulu kapena mutu wa Boma, adzalangidwa ndi chabwino, amene adzakhala wofanana kukula kwa z / kapena ndalama nthawi ya zaka 1 2, kapena kuchuluka kwa rubles 100 000 300 000. Zingathenso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ntchito yaukapolo. Ntchito imeneyi akhoza kunawerengedwa kwa nyengo ya zaka zisanu. Munthu asalandidwe ndi ufulu kugwira ntchito. Imakhudzanso m'ndende kwa nthawi ya zaka 7.

Mphotho ya ziphuphu

A chotsutsana boma, chitsanzo cha zomwe Tingaone tsiku lililonse nkhani - ziphuphu. Chilango cha ziphuphu kumaphatikizapo chabwino ndi / kapena kumangidwa.

mitundu yosiyanasiyana analakwira boma ndi delineation bwino udindo ndi chilango miyeso.

Kukachitika kuti munthu udindo, mkulu wina wachilendo kapena nduna ya gulu la anthu ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana amalandira kudzera mkhalapakati kapena munthu chiphuphu mu mawonekedwe a ndalama, zikalata wapatali, chuma mu mawonekedwe a ntchito mopanda chilolezo kapena ntchito kusenza katundu chikhalidwe mokomera munthu amene amapereka ziphuphu, izo adzalangidwa ndi zabwino a. kukula bwino ranges ku rubles 1 miliyoni. Komanso, chabwino akhoza kukhala wofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa malipiro a nthawi zaka 2, kapena ndalama wofanana nthawi 10-50 kukula ziphuphu. Izi adzatenge kulandidwa kwa ufulu kupeza ntchito pa malo enieni ndiponso kuchita zinthu zina (Kuchepetsa nyengo - zaka zitatu). Zilango akhoza umaimiridwa ndi ntchito ndende kwa mawu a zaka limodzi kapena awiri. Munthu akumanidwa ufulu kufunafuna ntchito malo enieni ndiponso kuchita zinthu zina kwa nthawi ya zaka 3. Zoikidwa ndi tanthauzo la ntchito yaukapolo, kuti nyengo ya zaka 5. Imakhala kwa walekana ndi mwayi ndi udindo kapena kuchita ntchito zina kwa nthawi ya zaka 3. N'zothekanso m'ndende kwa nyengo kwa zaka 3 kuchokera chabwino tokha. Ndalama akhoza kukhala wolingana kakhumi kapena nthawi makumi awiri kuchuluka kwa zidule.

chifukwa chomwa chilango bajeti

Analakwira boma, zofuna za utumiki wothandiza mu mawonekedwe a ndalama pagulu zikutanthauza madigiri osiyana chilango.

Ndalama za ndalama zolinga kuti satsatira zinthu zimene iwo analandira kutulutsa siginecha, pafupifupi, zifukwa ndalama, zidziwitso za azimayi ku bajeti, omwe anachita pa sikelo makamaka lalikulu poponyedwa chabwino ndi.

kuchuluka kwa chabwino ndi ku rubles 100 000 300 000. kapena wofanana kukula kwa malipiro kapena ndalama zina kwa nthawi 1 chaka zaka 2. Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kwa chiweruzo cha ntchito yaukapolo. Nthawi ya ntchito zimenezi - kwa zaka ziwiri. Pankhaniyi, munthu akapanda ufulu ndi udindo kapena kuchita zinthu zina. nthawi kuletsa akhoza kukhala wolingana ndi zaka zitatu. Komanso, akhoza kunawerengedwa kwa nthawi m'ndende kwa zaka ziwiri kufunafuna ntchito ndi kuletsa malo ena kapena kuchita zinthu zina kwa nthawi ya zaka 3.

Concept ndi mitundu analakwira boma kupereka udindo kwa gulu la anthu amene sanachite oletsedwa.

Ntchito molakwika ndalama bajeti ndi gulu la anthu ndi pangano isanafike (mgwirizano) kapena kuba mu kuchuluka makamaka lalikulu la chilango kukhala zabwino. kukula yake osiyanasiyana monga 200 000 kwa 500 000 rubles. Zindapusa akhoza ukugwira malipiro kapena ndalama zina. The nthawi imene kuchuluka kudzipatula ndi zaka 1-3. Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito nthawi ntchito yokakamiza mpaka zaka 5 ndi ufulu china maudindo ena kapena kugwira mtundu wa ntchito kwa nthawi zaka 3. m'ndende angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka 5 ndi kulandidwa kwa ufulu kupeza ntchito pa malo ena kapena kuchita zinthu ina.

chachikulu kwa analakwira boma, zofuna za utumiki ndiye ndalama bajeti, amene alumphe miliyoni zikwi mazana asanu (1 500 000 pakani.). Iwo amazindikira kukula makamaka lalikulu la seveni miliyoni zikwi mazana asanu (rubles 7.500.000.).

Powonjezera nkhani zonama

(. Mogwirizana ndi Article 285 la Code Wachifwamba) analakwira boma, zofuna za utumiki wothandiza mu mawonekedwe a chakudya mu Wonse State Register ya mudziwe mwadala onyenga yodziwika ndi:

• kukhazikitsa mfundo kaundula, amene amadziwika kusadalirika pasadakhale;
• kukhazikitsa chinyengo zolembedwa kuti anali maziko zolemba mu kaundula wa;
• chinyengo zikalata, kuchititsa kusintha akaundula a;
• liquidation zolembedwa zimene zili maziko kulowa mu boma m'kaundula, makamaka ngati yosungirako wa zikalata zofunika ndi zolamulidzwazo potsata mwambo;
• chiwonongeko cha zikalata zomwe zinali maziko a kusintha mu kaundula wa.

Malumikizanidwe chilango ndi upandu

akuluakulu ambiri boma kugwirizana ndi lingaliro, umene umati mlingo wa chilango ayenera zimadalira osati pa kukula kwa upandu. chilango olongosoka ayenera kupita chakuti alembedwa mu malamulo. Kuonetsetsa yake ndi yoyenera chimango malamulo n'zofunika lamulo kwa mankhwala chilango chachikulu kwambiri.

Zikukhalira chilango, komanso udindo antchito adzalandira zimathandiza kuti kuthetsa chinthu choterocho monga chotsutsana ndi mphamvu ya boma.