Chida zovuta "likungosonyeza". Sitima chida "likungosonyeza". Nkhondowo chida System

Mu April 2009, chionetsero cha machitidwe chitetezo ku Asia amasinthira "Albucasis" kwa nthawi yoyamba dongosolo zida ndi sitima chida "likungosonyeza-K." Amakhala ndi anayi mivi yotereyi nyanja. Chida dongosolo "likungosonyeza" amaoneka ngati wabwinobwino thwelofu katundu chidebe amene ntchito zoyendera. Izi zimathandiza kuti chinthu zovuta kuti anaona isanafike kutsegula nthawi.

"Mungatenge njira chida machitidwe" - otchedwa kutukula latsopano chida dongosolo, chifukwa mtengo wake unali madola yekha zosakwana miliyoni khumi.

mivi yaying'ono

The Western akatswiri ankhondo, maonekedwe a chotero masking anachititsa mantha, chifukwa zikomo kwa iye ndi malamulo onse a nkhondo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo zasintha. Chotero chidebe kungakhale mwanzeru kulikonse: chotengera ndi nyanja, ndi sitima, ndi kukhala msewu ngolo, ndi kuuluka mu ndege. Choncho, mdani kuyambira m'pofunika kuchita kufufuza kwambiri mokwanira, musanaganize ndi kuukira.

Koma pa doko aliyense ndi okwerera sitima kuchuluka yaikulu ndi mu maiko otukuka muli zimenezi. Iwo akutumikira monga nyumba yosungiramo katundu, iwo akhoza adzaikidwa kapena zida akhoza adzaikidwa antchito. Komanso, iwo akhoza muli mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera mphamvu, ndi zambiri. Ndipo kudziwa za masauzande muli ndi mwa zida zovuta "likungosonyeza" kuli kovuta.

Transport ntchito zosakhudzana ndi wangwiro katundu wotereyu. Pakati zombo ambiri sitima ndi chomwecho, palibe muli osiyana kupeza kuti ndiwo tingaudaliredi. Ndi mungawononge makina awo mosalekeza ndi sizingatheke.

mantha West

Malinga ndi nyuzipepala British «The Daily Telegraph», akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti ngati Iraq anali m'magulu otere mzinga, ndi chodziwikiratu kuti United States kuti alowerera ku Persian Gulf, monga mwamtheradi yonyamula mu Gulf mwina pa bolodi roketi zovuta "likungosonyeza ".

The Pentagon atadandaula kwambiri chifukwa chakuti Russia anayamba kupereka machitidwe mzinga onse amene akhoza udzasokonezedwa ndi United States. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti zinthu pa dziko adzakhala destabilized ngati zida zotere kugwa Mwachitsanzo, mu Venezuela kapena Iran.

Mu US ndi kale kwambiri nkhawa kuti Russia anafuna kugulitsa Iran S-300, ndi kuti azitha kusonyeza kuponya mabomba US kapena Israel. Nkosafuna kunena kuti chida zovuta "likungosonyeza" - uwu si mpweya chitetezo ndi kuponya zida.

"Likungosonyeza" makhalidwe. N'chifukwa chiyani West mantha?

kachitidwe kale zida tinalengedwa kuti anaikapo yekha zombo ndi sitima zankhondo. Koma yojambula OKB "Albucasis" kwagona watsopano mivi sitima amene anaika mu chidebe ochiritsira ndi akhoza kuthamanga autonomously. Choncho kugwiritsa ntchito mabomba ukasintha anasintha.

"Akupita-K" alibe zoletsa lolembedwa ntchito. Osiyanasiyana mivi zimafika "likungosonyeza-K" ndi kuchokera makilomita mazana awiri mphambu makumi asanu mpaka chikwi ndi mazana atatu, iwo sali ballistic. Poyamba, America anachoka kwa malire aliwonse a wolowa awo nkhondo zimafika "Tomahawk". Motero, ndi Russia alibe mivi katundu zoletsa sitima, makamaka amenewa mtunda yaing'ono.

Kodi kotero ena onse a Pentagon asilikali chida zovuta "likungosonyeza"? makhalidwe zovuta palibe wosiyana ndi watsopano sverhtehnologichnym. Ilibe losatha polasa ndi si wapamwamba-kudya.

Komabe, ngozi ya zovuta mdani kuti ali chidebe ndithu yaying'ono ndipo pafupifupi wosaoneka nzeru iliyonse - luso kapena mpweya. Zingakhale zovuta kukhazikitsa pafupifupi kulikonse Mwachitsanzo, chitetezo m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Ndipotu, ndi mizinga sitima yekha. Koma! Chifukwa cha iwo, yopuma mwadzidzidzi chitetezo m'mphepete mwa nyanja sizigwira ntchito chifukwa inafunika kugunda zolinga zambiri, ambiri mwa adzakhala onyenga.

Choncho, onyamula kodi mumayenda kuwuluka pafupi pagombe, ndi amphibious kumenya chombo akhoza kusakhala wabwino kwambiri pofuna la ndegeyo.

Anenepo maganizo awo ngati mpweya chitetezo ndi tucked kutali mu chidebe chomwecho, m'malire msilikaliyo, ndithudi palibe amene asintha mwapang'onopang'ono.

Kodi kupanga chombo chidebe

kachitidwe mzinga, chidebe mtundu opangidwa ku Russia JSC "Concern" Morinformsystem-Agathe. " Mu chidebe wina waikidwa pa Launch mivi anayi. Koma kuwonjezera pa zimenezi, tiyenera awiri zambiri chidebe ofanana. Mu umodzi wa pansi akhale unit ulamuliro, ndi zina - moyo gawo thandizo ndi magetsi. Kudzera anachita kukonza tsiku ndi macheke, kulandira malamulo kuti kuwombera, ndi mawerengedwe deta chandamale, kuchititsa maphunziro isanayambe, ndege ntchito ndi kukulozani maroketi.

Kuzindikira zonse izi, kufunika kulankhulana bwino, navigation ndi Kanema, positi lamulo ndi adalira. Choncho, zigawenga ndi chodziwikiratu kuti agwiritse ntchito njira imeneyi, popeza mulibe makina, ndi "likungosonyeza" akuvomereza kugwirizana kudzera danga gulu Russian.

mivi chidebe - kusonyeza kuopseza kuukira mu nthawi ya

Cholinga chidebe zovuta ndi zida zombo wamba pa kuwopsyeza kunja. Ili pafupi ndi gombe, anatseka pansi kugombe kuchokera ankafika luso. Pamaso pa misewu ndi njanji, iwo mafoni odana ndi maofesi amene angathe kusiya mdani pa mtunda wa osachepera zana ndi makumi asanu makilomita kapena zambiri. Choncho, chifukwa chitetezo cha maofesi awa kwambiri zothandiza.

limodzi "likungosonyeza" Only yokwanira m'malo zombo ndi panyanja ndege. mtengo Modzichepetsa zovuta ndi mpikisano kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zodula kapena zapamwamba kumadzulo kwa Ulaya. Zovuta ndi wangwiro sitima zankhondo German, frigates, Spanish, Chitaliyana, Helicopters ndi zida zina. Ngakhale United Arab Emirates amagwiritsidwa mwachangu eyeing maofesi.

Russian chida maofesi

Banja la "likungosonyeza» (kapena «Club» - mu katundu chimake ake) zikuphatikizapo mabomba asanu a ntchito zosiyanasiyana, mphamvu ndi osiyanasiyana. Photo "likungosonyeza" ali anapereka m'munsimu.

Antiship sitima 3M54E anayamba pamaziko a "khangaza" amene ntchito cholimbana ndege zonyamulira. Opaleshoni osiyanasiyana zida ndi makilomita mazana atatu. The ndege liwiro la zida ndi 0,8 mathamangidwe phokoso. Pamene tikuyandikira cholinga cha ukuwonjezeka liwiro ndi kilometre kuposa wina pa mphindi. Komabe, kumira ndege chonyamulira ndi nkhonya limodzi chida sungathe basi, choncho ndi chida mwatsatanetsatane.

Roketi "Alpha"

Koma gawo loyamba la dongosolo chida anali Roketi, "Alpha", adayamba ndinawona mu 1993 pa chionetsero mu Abu Dhabi ndi mayiko Azamlengalenga kusonyeza Zhukovsky. Mu chaka chomwecho izo anatengera.

Western kalembedwe roketi - SS-N-27 Sizzler. Koma iwo akutchedwa "Club", "nofeki" ndi "Alpha". Koma Russian cipher mivi - "likungosonyeza".

India poyamba anagula nyundo chida zovuta "likungosonyeza". Iwo anaikidwa pa frigates ndi sitima zankhondo zida mphamvu panyanja ya India, amene anamanga makampani Russian. Anthu sitima zankhondo zimene kale anagula, kukonza zowonongeka ndi ntchito wamakono. Komanso, kachitidwe mzinga, anaganiza kuika mu China ndi maiko ena.

"Akupita-H" ndi "C-likungosonyeza"

Mu 1990, ndi katundu nsembe mivi Club-N ndi Club-S kwa sitima zankhondo ndipo ngalawa pamwamba. Poyamba, iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito kukunda sitima zankhondo. Choncho, 91RE1 roketi anapezerapo ku oponya chubu mu makumi atatu millimeters. Kudzera mwa gawo olimba a injini chitadutsa pansi pa madzi ndi kukwera. Kenako, galimoto ndi adamulowetsa ndi gawo lachiwiri sitima chida "kudziwa" akupitiriza kusuntha mpaka chidwi. Sitima zapamadzi, iye yekha. Patapita kanthawi, kuwonjezera mizinga, akumenya sitima zankhondo, ndi zovuta anali zida za odana ndi chombo. Wotchuka sitima zankhondo "Warszawianka" Project 636,3 zida zankhondo maofesi Club-S. Iwo zimagulitsidwa ku India ndi China, Vietnam ndi Algeria.

Sitima chida 3M14E

chida ichi chiyenera makhalidwe ofanana ndi 3M54E1. Komabe, lakonzedwa kuti awononge mipherezero pansi, osati m'madzi ( "likungosonyeza PL") ndipo pamwamba ( "likungosonyeza NC"). Chida dongosolo la mtundu uwu pang'ono mosiyana ankalamulira. Zochitika za kasamalidwe ake ndi barovysotomer amene amapereka chozemba ndege chifukwa kufunika zolondola kukakamira kutalika pa nazo m'dera mpumulo ndi dongosolo Kanema navigation, zomwe zimalimbikitsa mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane malangizo.

3M54E ndi 3M54E1. Kufanana ndi kusiyana

3M54E 3M54E1 komanso ndi kasinthidwe ofanana. Amachita molingana ndi muyezo kuuluka bwino potsatira njira kasinthidwe dontho-pansi trapezoidal mapiko, koma amasiyana chiwerengero cha magawo.

Pa Launch 3M54E magawo atatu: olimba mafuta poyamba, amene amatisamalira madzi reagent ndi wachitatu mafuta olimba.

Start amayamba chifukwa gawo loyamba, kenako ndi wosiyana ndipo anapezerapo boosters-kutsegula phiko. Liwiro pa siteji lino mamita mazana awiri ndi makumi pa mphindi. Pambuyo kudziwika chandamale gawo lachiwiri ndi analekanitsanso ndi kuyamba lachitatu. Liwiro nthawi yomweyo osauka mpaka mamita zikwi pa mphindi.

Chachikulu kusiyana kwa chombo 3M54E1 3M54E - ndi yonena za gawo lachitatu. Choncho 3M54E1 chida ali subsonic yekha. Ndi wamfupi kusiyana mamita awiri. Koma warhead ake kuposa kuwirikiza kawiri poyerekezera ndi roketi 3M54E. 3M54E1 ntchentche komanso kuyerekeza chitsanzo, koma osati omwazika kumapeto.

Zida zatsopano Russia

Twente-wachitatu mu September 2014 mtsogoleri wa Black Sea Navy lipoti pulezidenti kuti Novorossiysk udzakhala wokhazikika sitima zapamadzi, amene anakhala losatha mivi wovuta. Pamene Pulezidenti anafunsa powunikira zomwe ndendende osiyanasiyana mu funso, mkulu zombo anati osiyanasiyana mivi ndi makilomita mazana khumi ndi asanu. Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti latsopano mivi Russian anali sitima mivi 3M14 banja la "likungosonyeza".

chakuti dizilo-magetsi sitima zankhondo zimene zili Black Sea zombo, kukulozani torpedoes awiri a mazana asanu sate-firii millimeter. Iwo ali makhalidwe amenewa ndi sitima chida "n'zotsimikizira" otchulidwa pamwambapa. chida ichi ndi anapezerapo ku makhazikitsidwe a ofukula kapena zipangizo sitima zapamadzi oponya. Amanenera, tichipeza mitundu iwiri ya mayunitsi nkhondowo: wapadera ndi ochiritsira. Zikomo kuti mbali yapadera ya zochita chida angakhale yokulirapo.

Izi zida zatsopano Russian Black Sea zombo limakupatsani kugunda mipherezero kunja Nyanja Black, osati kusiya malo analamula mpaka kalekale.

Choncho anthu anauzidwa za osiyanasiyana mivi ndi theka makilomita zikwi. Komabe, akatswiri akhala amadziŵa zimenezi ndipo ngakhale mivi yaitali n'kulolera. Mu 2012, mkulu wa Caspian flotilla kale ananena kuti "likungosonyeza" maroketi, amene wokwera pa zombo wake tikhoza kukhudza osiyanasiyana mu makilomita zikwi ziwiri mazana asanu.

Choncho, Russian sitima mivi mmwamba ndipo atagonjetsedwa "Tomahawk" US mivi ndi osiyanasiyana awiri ndi theka makilomita zikwi ndi zokwana nyukiliya, ndipo chikwi mazana asanu ndi mkulu-zachiwawa kugawikana warhead.

Akatswiri a asilikali pa mivi losatha

Akatswiri anavomera kuti ntchito losatha sitima chida popanda kuphwanya Pangano kuthetsa nkhondo short- ndi sing'anga-osiyanasiyana, chifukwa iwo basi kugwa pansi ulamuliro wa chikalata ichi, ndi zina, chifukwa cha US, palibe kuyembekezera.

zisudzo Current

Akatswiri mayiko ankadziwa za chitukuko cha mivi yotereyi pamaso pa chionetsero cha 2009. Chionetsero cha zida za nkhondo ndi nawo "likungosonyeza" umachitika patsogolo. Mu 2006 mu Nizhny Tagil roketi "Alpha" anayamba anasonyeza pa chionetserocho. Ndipo tikulankhula za chida cha kale kuti, mmbuyo mu 90s lapansi.

Mu 2010, asilikali chionetsero lonse mu Qatar ndi chida dongosolo "likungosonyeza" inali kuperekedwa. Izi m'mphepete mwa nyanja zovuta Club-M mafoni a mtundu yodziyimira payokha zovuta Club-U ndi chidebe zovuta kale akuimira chaka kale mu Malaysia, Club-K.