Chithokomiro mahomoni: gwero Mtengo wa kudwala

Thupi la munthu - dongosolo coherent imene njira onse malamulo ndi mzake. Ndipo aliyense thupi kapangidwe kake kumathandiza kukhala okhulupirika kwa ntchito.

Pamodzi ndi ubongo ndi imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri zolimbana - munthu endocrine dongosolo. Iwo akuchita kanthu ake ndi zopangitsa endocrine, amene secrete mahomoni ali ndi ziwalo zina ndi tropism yeniyeni maselo chandamale. Choncho, chithokomiro England amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu kukula thupi ndipo amagwira mitundu yonse ya kuwombola. Iye ndikuzindikiritsa mahomoni chithokomiro, zomwe zimathandiza kuti thupi, chitukuko maganizo ana, kupereka kagayidwe ndi mphamvu akuluakulu. Poyankha kupangidwa ndi Lamulo wamanjenje dongosolo, zinthu ndicho bioactive pituitary ndi hypothalamic kumasuka zinthu. Choncho, chithokomiro mahomoni nthawi zonse pa enaake m'magazi ndi kuonjezera thupi ndi mavuto apadera, zitosi yawo akusonyeza kupanda chithokomiro ntchito ndi ayodini.

mahomoni

Glandula thyroidea (chithokomiro) amamangiriridwa trachea ndi tichipeza lamanja ndi kumanzere lobes zolumikizana. Direct kaphatikizidwe mahomoni mabele imagwiridwa mu follicles ake wodzazidwa ndi colloid mkati, ozikidwa pa mapuloteni - thyroglobulin. Ndi iodination zina za zatsalira tyrosine mu dongosolo lake ndi wotsatira chimangirizo za mankhwala analandira anapanga triiodothyronine ndi tetraiodothyronine (T3 ndi T4). mahomoni tireiodnye Komanso anachokera ku thyroglobulin molekyulu lamamatira ndi anamasulidwa mu m'magazi mu ufulu mawonekedwe. Ali woipa osiyana, ndipo zosiyanasiyana potency (T3 waima Mlingo kwambiri m'munsi, koma potency ake ndi wamkulu kwambiri kuposa T4). Komabe, zotsatira za mahomoni pa thupi lofanana: Angathe mafuta ndi zimam'patsa kagayidwe (kuchuluka misinkhu shuga) choyambitsa gluconeogenesis, chiwindi glycogen ziletsa mapangidwe ndi kupititsa mapuloteni kaphatikizidwe (mu yambiri, Tikawonetsetsa patsogolo azingokhala otsiriza).

Umaonekanso chifukwa chakuti iwo kukhala magazi ndiponso kugunda kwa mtima ndi kutentha thupi, imathandizira njira maganizo. Mu nthawi ya embryonic chithokomiro mahomoni ndi udindo zosiyanasiyana za zimakhala thupi lonse. Mu ubwana, ukule ndi chitukuko maganizo a mwanayo. Komanso, kumapangitsanso erythropoiesis m'munsi reabsorption tubular madzi.

matenda

Mu zina matenda, chithokomiro timadzi katulutsidwe yafupika (hypothyroidism). Pankhaniyi, iwo ayenera m'malo mwa mankhwala. Kuti angalipirire chosowa zinthu zili chonchi BAKC chithokomiro mahomoni? Mankhwala ntchito mu nkhani iyi - ndi "Levothyroxine" (T4), "Liotironin" (T3) ndipo zosiyanasiyana mankhwala ayodini munali. Monga sangathe, ndi kusadziletsa chithokomiro mahomoni kuyambitsa matenda kagayidwe kachakudya mu thupi limene ndi kukomoka kuwonetseredwa kuphwanya homeostasis ndi psychomotor ntchito. Mlingo wa kuwonongeka zimadalira m'badwo wodwalayo (cretinism okha ana), mlingo wa kusowa kapena owonjezera mahomoni (hyperthyroidism 1, 2, 3 madigiri). Pomaliza pali kufupika kwa mpweya, palpitations, kuthamanga magazi, matenda a mitundu yonse kuwombola. Ndi wopanda M'malo mwake, utachepa kagayidwe, wodwala amakhala aulesi, osayanjanitsika.