EBITDA - ndichiyani? Kodi kuwerengera chizindikiro mawunikidwe?

Pali zambiri zizindikiro zosiyana kuwunika ntchito ndalama kampani. Ena a iwo wamba, osati dziko lathu koma padziko lonse. Kwa iwo pachikhalidwe EBITDA. ndi chithunzi ichi monga masamu, ndi zomwe ziti? M'nkhani ino tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane momwe kuunikira ntchito ndalama za ogwira ntchito pa maziko a makhalidwe EBITDA, ndi zolinga zimene ntchito.

EBITDA: chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti ndi tanthauzo

M'pofunika yomweyo kusungitsa malo, kuti chizindikiro mawunikidwe si mlandu. Ndipo cholinga chake choyambirira - ziyenera a chikoka cha kampani mawu a mayamwidwe ake ndi ndalama yobwereka. Kodi kuwunika? Choyamba kudziwa EBITDA, ndi mawerengedwe a ozikidwa pa mfundo za chuma za gulu la. Ndiye, chithunzi chifukwa akuwafanizira ndi analogs nthambi, umene mphamvu imeneyi wapezeka kampani inayake.

Kuti timvetse mmene poyerekeza ndi kofunika kumvetsa tanthauzo la EBITDA. Kodi chithunzi ichi, ndi zomwe apatsa za kampaniyo? Waima akuti zasungidwa pamaso Chidwi, Misonkho, Depreciation ndi Amortization. Ngati anawamasulira kwenikweni, ndi zasungidwa kale chidwi pa ngongole, misonkho, depreciation ndi amortization. Imeneyo akuti luso kampani kupeza, kaya pamaso pa mangawa ake ndalamawo, boma ndi njira depreciation ntchito. Profitability mwachindunji anatsimikiza ndi ntchito yaikulu kuti amalola kuti kuliganizira bwino "womasuka maganizo".

Mawerengedwe a EBITDA mfundo lonse

Popeza index ichi ntchito padziko lonse, ndipo maziko mawerengedwe ake ayenera kukhala deta malipoti pansi IFRS. Mwachindunji, mfundo zotsatirazi muyenera kudziwa EBITDA koyefishienti:

• Net ndalama (otsalira pambuyo malipiro a misonkho ndalama zina kwa bajeti);
• ndalama msonkho;
• malipilo a msonkho;
• ndalama zapadera ndalama;
• chidwi analipira ndipo analandira;
• mtengo depreciation (osauka chuma chosaoneka ndi maso);
• revaluation wa chuma.

Woyamba zizindikiro zisanu kupanga EBIT, kapena ndalama opaleshoni. Iwo amatanthauziridwa kuti kusiyana pakati pa phindu lalikulu ndipo mtengo wa zinthu wamba a kumalo a ntchito ndipo ndicho chiyambi cha EBITDA mawerengedwe. EBIT mawerengedwe ndiyo njira motere:

• Net phindu + msonkho - kuchepetsa ndi msonkho + kwambiri. ndalama - kwambiri. ndalama +% analipira -% analandira.

Chifukwa ndi mungafike chithunzi pakati pa aakulu ndi phindu ukonde. Izi phindu kuti kampani kuti talandira, osati ntchito ndalama yobwereka. Pamafunikanso ndalama zonse kwa malonda komanso ndalama zina ndalama (kuphatikizapo depreciation).

EBIT ndi EBITDA

, EBIT ayenera kukhala osachepera positive. Kumudziwa, n'zotheka kuwerengera phindu EBITDA. The mawerengedwe ndiyo njira motere:

• EBIT + depreciation ya AI ndi IA - revaluation wa chuma.

Choncho, ife muyeso wa profitability pamaso misonkho,% -s pa ngongole ndi depreciation malinga ndi mfundo lonse. Kuchotsa ndalama izi si ndalama za nkhani (kumene amatchedwa mtundu wa milandu ofunda mlandu) EBITDA mtengo umakhala oyerekeza kuti otaya ndikupeleka ndalama.

EBITDA m'mbiri ya zachuma

Monga tanena kale, chithunzi ichi ankaufulula yosanthula luso kampani utumiki ndalama ngongole (kapena ngongole). Obwereketsa akhoza kuunikira EBITDA makhalidwe a magulu osiyanasiyana mu makampani ndi tsiku kuti kudziwa kuchuluka kwa ndalama chidwi, amene aliyense wa iwo adzakhala kupezera posachedwapa. Chizindikiro wakhala chidwi kwambiri ngongole Raiders, amene anali kufunafuna makampani oyenera phindu. kampani ankaona, osati monga mutu wa chuma, komanso mndandanda wa katundu kuti angathe kugulitsa. Kuti tichite zimenezi, ziwiya zonse zimene zingathe zingakhale kupita kwa alipire ngongole, ananenedwa mwachidule. Pankhaniyi, ngati lonse ukonde phindu anapita malipiro ngongole, ndi malonda anakhala opanda pake chifukwa, ngakhale mtengo wa msonkho akhoza ankamuona ngati maziko zina kwa mawerengedwe a ngongole. Mwachibadwa, kampani kwayamba vuto lalikulu - zonse ndalama zake uziyenda, ndi chifukwa cha ntchito anayenera kusiya. Koma angongole anali wakuda lapansi. Sansao EBITDA uli wotchuka kwambiri makamaka mu 80s, pamene panali liwiro la chiwombolo / kupeza ndalama yobwereka.

EBITDA mu ntchito panopa ndalama makampani

Lero, chithunzi waima wachitatu pa nkhani ya zipangizo kuti aone zotsatira za mazana asanu mabungwe waukulu mu America ndipo onetsetsani kuti monga mu chaka n'chaka malipoti azachuma. Izo zimasonyeza ndalama okwana kuti ntchito kampani adzabweretsa nyengo ilili. Komanso, kuchita masamu zochokera ndalama malire EBITDA.

The chidwi chachikulu cha Investor wa - ndalama tsogolo la kampaniyo, imene inakonza kuti aganyali, choncho n'kofunika EBITDA kukula. Kudziwa n'zotheka kudziwa koyefishienti wa ndalama profitability. chilinganizo amaoneka ngati izi:

• mtengo wa EBITDA: ndalama kwa malonda.

Pa maziko a makhalidwe kupeza poyerekeza ndi kuthekera makampani ndi nyumba osiyana, koma ntchito makampani chomwecho. Pakuti ndalama, ichi chithunzi - chizindikiro yofunika ya kubwerera ndalama zawo.

Ubwino index

N'chifukwa chiyani makampani ambiri, makamaka lalikulu, ndi chidwi kuwerengetsa chizindikiro EBITDA? Kodi likupereka? Fotokozani chidwi mu chida profitability ziyenera lophweka. Mabizinezi ndi yambiri ya ndalama likulu, mwayi azipereka ntchito yanu mu kuwala yabwino kwambiri, osati chifukwa cha malipoti yovomerezeka. tcheru ndalama 'lolunjika ndendende pa mtengo wa EBITDA, amene akhoza kwambiri upambana kuchuluka kwa ndalama weniweni, masamu kutenga nkhani ndalama upfront. Koma kugawana mabizinezi depreciation akhoza kufika 30% ya ndalama kupanga (makampani zitsulo, chingwe TV, ndi zina zotero.).

Ngakhale kuti chifukwa ntchito imeneyi chizindikiro cha malonda amaona wamphamvu kuposa "anati" lenileni otaya ndalama, akatswiri ambiri tsopano powasamalira zambiri izo. Komabe, ndi wolungamitsidwa. Ndipotu, pa maziko a EBITDA n'zotheka amanena luso kampani utumiki udindo wake ndi reinvest chitukuko ntchito m'tsogolo.

A tikayerekezera EBITDA kampani

chizindikiro ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa malo ogwira ntchito ndi makampani. Kuti tichite zimenezi, anapanga kuwunika poyerekeza. Amakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri kuvomerezedwa:

• mawerengedwe a mtengo wa malonda (mu mawonekedwe poyerekeza, umene mitengo ndi n'kukhala multiples phindu malonda ndi phindu buku) ;
• Poyerekeza ndi makampani zokhala ndi gawo lapansi.

Choncho udayesedwa kampani mlingo mu msika chuma. Kungoti poyerekeza ndi mabizinesi ena ofanana, amene magawo ali ankagulitsa mu gawo lomwelo makampani. EBITDA ndi adamfunsa ndi ambiri a makampani a boma ndi kwenikweni pano mu mawu wokonzedwera kwa ndalama angathe.

Pomaliza

Tinganene kuti tinakambirana chizindikiro ndi mbali imodzi yofunika kwambiri onse makampani ndi ndalama mofanana. Ife tinapeza chifukwa onsewo chidwi ndendende EBITDA chiŵerengero, limapereka lokha eni ntchito ndi chidwi pakuika izo. Pakuti kale, ndi mwayi azipereka kampani muli yabwino, kwachiwiri - njira amati ndalama amaona kuti akhoza kuwapeza pakuika unathandiza.