Herman Melville: yonena za wolemba ndi ntchito yake

Herman Melville - amadziwika American wolemba ndi tsoka kuipidwa. Iye anayamba m'banda ntchito, kwambiri kuona ndi kuphunzira. Mu unyamata wake - apaulendo, pakati pa moyo - odziwika bwino ndi kulemekezedwa wolemba mu kukhwima - anamuiwala atumiki onse. Chidwi mu ntchito ya wolemba anaonekera kokha m'zaka za m'ma XIX, ndi kutchuka kwake anayamba kukula bwinobwino. Melville anayamba anazindikira mwa owerenga monga chi, ndipo buku lake "buku la Moby Dick" anali buku lofunika kwambiri kwa nthawi.

Herman Melville: yonena za wolemba wotchuka

Melville anabadwa pa August 1, 1819 ku New York. sekondale anayamba kulandira sukulu ina anyamata. Pamene Hermann zaka 12, bambo wake, kuchita malonda, zinatha. Banja kuti anasamukira ku mzinda wa Albany, pamene mnyamatayo anali kupitiriza maphunziro awo. Mu 1832, mutu wa banja anafa.

Ntchito n'kuyamba ulendo

Popanda kumaliza sekondale maphunziro, Herman Melville anakakamizika kuyamba ntchito ndi thandizo banja. Mnyamatayo anasintha ntchito zingapo. Zinali: banki wantchito, mlimi, mphunzitsi pa sukulu ina.

Pa zaka 20, Melville kusintha njira yake mpandawo wa moyo pa ulendo wa panyanja - iye atapeza ntchito poyamba m'sitima yonyamula katundu, ndiyeno whaler a. Kupanga ndi kugulitsa mafuta chinsomba nthawi inali nkhani ya wotchuka kwambiri ndi opindulitsa. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ambiri anathanso kupanga ndalama zochuluka. Komabe, mnyamatayo msanga ndatopa ntchito ndi miyezi sikisi iye akuthamanga kuchokera m`chombo pa wambaima chimodzi mwa zilumba yaing'ono.

Apa iye anakomana ndi moyo kwa miyezi sikisi fuko m'dera Taipei, amene anali odya anzawo. Kulankhulana ndi anthu am'deralo, ndi mtundu wa moyo anauziridwa ndi wolemba wamng'ono kulemba ntchito yofanana, lomwe linasindikizidwa mu 1846 ndipo mwamsanga anayamba anthu ambiri.

Atabwerera kunyumba, mnyamatayo ayamba kuganiza mozama za tsogolo lawo. Iye amayesetsa kuti andipeze mu maphunziro. Iye amadziŵa kwambiri. Zinali nthawi imeneyi kuti anayamba kulemba.

Ntchito yoyamba wolemba

Mu mankhwala "Typee" kale anamva kalembedwe mlembi. Ofotokoza ali munthu woyamba ndi protagonist anafotokoza zimene anakumana nazo Zopatsa ndi ulendo. olemba luso anatha kusunga owerenga mu suspense ndi kuyembekezera nthawi yaitali denouement, chifukwa nkhani ngati zimenezi n'zochepa mu mabuku a nthawi. Herman Melville anatenga kwambiri pa zimene zinachitikira changa, koma chinachake chinali chabe zopeka.

zotsatira zina za kuyenda zonse wakhala mnyamata nkhani "Om." Zojambula zikusonyeza moyo wa magulu osiyanasiyana, kuyambira maganizo a wolemba. Wolemba kusekedwa mbali zambiri za miyoyo ya anthu. Nkhani anali ambiguously amaona wolemba, ndipo ngakhale anatchedwa wonenera ena zoipa.

Komabe, milanduyo anali opanda pake. Herman Melville anali Kulingalira kwambiri ndipo sanathe kukhala bwino ndi chikhalidwe ndi khalidwe la anthu. Kunena iye anafotokoza yowala ndi zokongola anthu otchulidwa, dyera awo nkhanza.

moyo

Mu 1847, achinyamata ndi kale wotchuka wolemba kukwatira Elizabeth Shaw. Iye anali mbadwa ya wotchuka m'banja - bambo ake anali woweruza wamkulu. Banjali linakhazikika ku New York.

Kuti banjali ankakhala m'nyumba imodzi ndi m'bale wake Herman banja, mayi ake ndi alongo angapo. Panthawi imeneyi, Herman Melvill mobwerezabwereza anayesa kupeza ntchito mu boma, koma kupambana si akwaniritsa. Mu yomweyi, akupitiriza kulemba.

Buku "Mardy" ndi "White-jekete"

Mu 1849 izo imafalitsidwa buku "Mardi ndi kupita kumeneko." The mankhwala atsopano amene anali peculiarities yake. Zinali kwathunthu zopeka, mlembi anapereka ufulu mosavuta wake m'maganizo. Pali ngakhale Mbali wa chilengedwe chake - kumachitika wolemba. Iye nthawizonse masamba malo zochitika zina kapena maganizo ena.

Melville a buku lotsatira - "White-jekete" kachiwiri kulongosola zochitika anakumana ndi iwo. Pambuyo German wamng'ono anasiya whaler, iye anayamba kugwira ntchito pa warship American. Apa iye afika okha malo osiyana, anakumana ndi miyambo nkhondo ndi makhalidwe, kuona manyazi tsiku la asilikali.

Pofuna kukwaniritsa kufalitsa buku la wolemba anatumizidwa ku England. Atabwerera anaganiza kusuntha kukhala Massachusetts, kumene iye akutenga pa malo pamodzi ndi apongozi. Apa Melville wasankha kuchita ulimi ndi kutsogolera banja chete wolemba.

Herman Melville. "Buku la Moby Dick"

Kodi kale kunja kwa mzinda, Melville yodziwa N.Gotornom. Ndi kudziwa ichi anauzira wolemba kulemba buku latsopano limene anakhala ntchito wotchuka kwambiri.

Buku "buku la Moby Dick" Germana Melvilla - ndi korona wa chilengedwe cha wolemba. Zonse zinalembedwa kale anali chabe pokonzekera chilengedwe zofunika kwambiri. Ngakhale bwino kwa buku sanalandire anthu American.

ntchito sapereka munthu kuganiza kunja. Izi inali nkhani apaulendo m'sitima whaling. Komabe, apa wolemba anatha kupotokola nambala yaikulu Mitundu. Buku Herman Melville ndi "buku la Moby Dick" - ichi ulendo, ndi nzeru zaumunthu nkhambakamwa, ndi nkhambakamwa, chikhalidwe ndiponso kuphunzira buku. Mlembi limafotokoza kwambiri tsatanetsatane intricacies wa whaling, chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, komanso zinthu, mitundu ndi thunthu la anamgumi.

Buku Germana Melvilla "buku la Moby Dick" ladzala ndi zizindikiro. Pa chinsomba chithunzi Kuwulura limapezeka buku la Moby Dick. Pomaliza pake, woyera chinsomba - Cholinga chachikulu cha ulendo wa ngalawa ndiye mwini wake wa mavuto besetting anthu onse.

chizindikiro china ndi mankhwala a ogwira ntchito. Iye akuimira zonse kwa anthu, zomwe Amayendayenda kupyolera moyo ngati ngalawa m'nyanja.

Komanso ntchito Melville

Pambuyo buku "buku la Moby Dick" imene anthu American watenga youma ndithu, Herman Melville analemba mabuku angapo ndi nkhani yochepa ( "Pierre", "Israel Wowumba," "wopanda khalidwe" ndi ena). Komabe, palibe ntchito ndiribe anabweretsa wolemba kapena kutchuka kapena kutchuka, kapena ndalama. Pafupifupi onse anazindikira kapena wathunthu kapena tsankho kulephera. Ndalama banja mofulumira sakuyenda. Ngakhale ubwenzi ndi anthu otchuka pakati pawo anakhalabe N.Gotorn, sanapereke zotsatira. Axamwali nayesa kupeza malo abwino Melville.

Mu 1856, Melville amakakamizidwa kugulitsa theka lake la nyumba Massachusetts m'bale wake. Pa chimaposa wolemba wasankha pa ulendo, poganiza kuti abwezeretse umoyo wabwino pa thupi ndi bata maganizo.

Atabwerera wolemba anakonza kuphunzitsa pa University, kumene iye lectured zinthu zinalili mu Rome ndi Nyanja South. Only atamwalira apongozi mu 1866, banja amalowerera kukhazikitsa ake chuma malo. abambo ake atachoka mwana wake tinatengera theka la chuma. Zogulitsa House Melville anathandiza kufalitsa "nkhondo ndakatulo" zinalembedwa kale. Koma ntchitoyi sanam'bweretsere zipatso zawo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, wolemba potsiriza amalowerera kupeza ntchito mu ofesi pagulu - miyambo Woyang'anira.

zaka 60 Melville anakhala akutumikira pa ndakatulo "Klareylem". Ngakhale utali wa ntchito ndi khama la wolemba, wolembayo sanamvetse kachiwiri.

Pa nthawi iyi mu banja Germana Melvilla zimachitika mavuto angapo: ana ake awiri anamwalira, kuti mwana wake wamkazi akudwala, ndi pa zina amaswa Relations.

"Billy Budd, Fort yapamadzi Mars"

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wa wolemba odzipereka ntchito pa nkhani "Billy Budd, Fort yapamadzi Mars." Lembani wolemba Yobu analibe, iye anakhalabe pamanja.

Nkhani sanali lofalitsidwa mpaka 1924 ndipo anali bwino yaikulu. wolemba potsiriza akwaniritsa kuzindikira.

Reviews mabuku wolemba

Herman Melville maganizo analandira makamaka positive. The chidwi kwambiri ndi buku lake "buku la Moby Dick." owerenga kuona kuti wolemba analemba chidwi kwambiri kuwasiya nkhani, koma bukuli analemba zambiri zochitika ndi mizere chimene chimapangitsa samalani. Ndi zovuta kuwerenga buku zambiri amakankhira kutali mafani zosavuta kuwerenga. Ikuimira mankhwala kuvumbitsira kwambiri zamatsenga ndi chidwi pa nthawi yomweyo.