Injini wa hydrogen - tsogolo la magalimoto athu

Vuto la chuma mafuta - mmodzi wa mwachangu kwambiri lero, koma pa nthawi kokha aziwonjezereka. mankhwala mafuta, kuphatikizapo mafuta - mmodzi wa ambiri ankadya, osati kokha mtengo, ndi zonse enviable, komanso posachedwapa akulonjeza kuti zimasowa kwambiri chofunika. Chifukwa ndi kale momveka bwino: tsogolo - chifukwa utsi zina. The injini wa hydrogen - ichi ndi ambiri amadziona bwanji, amene akulonjeza kuti athetse ambiri mwa mavuto ziziyenda. Ndipo mbali yabwino ndi kupanga gulu ofanana kuti amapanga mphamvu ya galimoto m'madzi, mukhoza eni, monga iwo amati, lokha!

Mwa njira, injini ndi "madzi", komanso zodabwitsa zambiri sayansi ndi luso patsogolo, chatifika ku West. "Mafuta Brown", kutanthauza otchedwa wa hydrogen magalimoto amapangidwa m'kati electrolysis. Mu America, kwa zaka zambiri kumeneko ndipo anagulitsidwa khwekhwe wokongola zofunika, kulola dalaivala kupulumutsa pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya mafuta. Ndipo anthu odziwa luso ndi sanaiwale zakuthambo sekondale ndi zimapangidwira, sonkhanitsani wa hydrogen jenereta ndi dzanja.

Ku chiphunzitso kuchita

Mlandu chomera wa hydrogen ingaoneke monga chonchi. Mu nyumba ya galimoto wayikidwa chidebe ang'ono ndi madzi - chidebe kapena chotengera. thanki Izi amachita ngati Mabatire wa hydrogen. Madzi ndi mwachizolowezi, kwa wapampopi. Monga udzathiridwa supuni chothandizira koloko, ndiye kumizidwa zosapanga dzimbiri zitsulo mbale - zidutswa 2-3. Mawaya olumikizidwa kwa mbale batire. Pamene poyatsira ndi anazimitsa pa, ndondomeko wayamba mankhwala anachita, ndi injini wa hydrogen amapanga ndi mpweya yoyenera. payipi A yakwera ndi wa hydrogen mu ritsa kumbuyo sefa.

Monga wagawo aliyense, ndikofunika mu galimoto yathu kukhazikitsa zonse bwino ndi ndondomeko yolondola. Pamene unsembe uli wathunthu, ndi electrolysis wa madzi, mpweya ndi wa hydrogen yotengedwa. Chisoni amapezeka akuwaza la tinthu madzi mu hydrogen ndi mpweya maatomu. The osakaniza mpweya wa zakudya zobwezedwa limachokera mu thanki mafuta a makina, pali blended ndi mafuta kenako kuwotchedwa monga mafuta yachibadwa.

Kodi ubwino injini ndi wa hydrogen ngati mafuta akadali ankafunika, mupempha? Kwambiri, ngakhale mpaka galimoto yanu osati akuthamanga pa haidrojeni koyera. Patsogolo wa petulo mpweya ndi wa hydrogen amalimbikitsa mafuta chiphunzitso labwino loposa, limene nthawi aukitsa ntchito injini ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati kale 100 Km, mwachitsanzo, inu anakhala malita 5 a mafuta, tsopano udzakhala wokwanira makilomita 130-150! Osati zoipa, ha?

Ndipo zambiri za ubwino

Anthu akulakalaka kupanga ndalama mpweya wochepa thupi, ndiyo ku "kanthu". The injini wa hydrogen amatulutsa mkwiyo wina "kanthu" - madzi - kulandira mafuta. Ubwino wa mafuta a hydrogen motere:

• mkulu zachilengedwe mankhwala. Utsi mpweya ndi pafupifupi vuto lililonse ndipo musati angabweretse kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, mosiyana kuutsiriza mankhwala a kuyaka mafuta kapena solaria;
• kutentha kwa kuyaka a haidrojini kwambiri ngakhale poyerekeza ndi mafuta - twente-eyiti sauzande mazana asanu ndi makumi awiri kilocalories pa kilogalamu;
• chisakanizo cha hydrogen ndi mpweya kwambiri flammable luso pa lonse kutentha osiyanasiyana. Choncho, kaya mpweya otentha kapena ozizira, galimoto limayenda chimodzimodzi;
• ntchito mafuta a hydrogen, galimoto pafupifupi sakhala detonate, kukhala yofewa, yosalala ulendo ngakhale pamene wothinikizidwa mkati 14,0;
• mafuta a hydrogen ndi akayaka chifukwa bwino kusakaniza kufanana osiyana ndi mpweya. Choncho n'zotheka kusintha khalidwe la chotsatira kwa injini osakaniza mpweya mpweya ndi kusintha kuchuluka kwa mpweya aziwapatsa wosanganiza (hydrogen ndi mpweya). Ngati ntchito haidrojeni (H2) mukhoza, ku mbali yaikulu, musati fulumizitsa otaya mpweya pa polowera, potero kukula Mwachangu matenthedwe olimbana za makina mu mode tsankho katundu.

Mavuto m'tsogolo ndipo akuyembekezera

Pakali pano, pafupifupi onse nkhawa galimoto - BMW, Honda, Opel, Ford ndi ena - chinkhoswe mu chitukuko cha injini wa hydrogen wa zosintha osiyana ncholinga oyamba mu kupanga ndi kusintha pang'onopang'ono kuchokera petulo kuti utsi mpweya. ntchito konstruktorno-luso ali motere:

• ngati ife monga maziko injini mafuta, kenako m'pofunika kuwonjezera buku ntchito ya yamphamvu ya;
• injini ayenera kupereka zokwanira kwa haidrojeni psinjika chiŵerengero ;
• haidrojeni-mpweya osakaniza ndi akayaka mofulumira kwambiri, kotero muyenera kukhala dongosolo kuteteza prematurity cha ndondomekoyi, makamaka anapatsidwa kuthekera kwa mwana kumabweretsa kapena kugogoda;
• kuteteza mapangidwe oxides asafe mu mpweya wa utsi pamene mpweya yozungulira ntchito monga oxidizing wothandizira.

Izi ndi zinthu zina mu gawo njira tima, ndipo posachedwapa, magalimoto ambiri adzathamanga pa injini wa hydrogen osati kudzikonda anapanga, komanso fakitale.