Kudzudzulidwa mayesero Bourdon. KUFOTOKOZERA zopezera cholinga

Makolo Kawirikawiri za kupanda chidwi, CHIPILIRO ana. Anthu anamwazikana zovuta kuphunzira, yesetsani Mokhumbira ntchito ndi moyo. Ngakhale kudziwa mlingo wa chidwi ndi makhalidwe ake, ngakhale mwana, moti pochitika yaing'ono ndi losavuta mayeso. Ndipo podziwa "Chikhaliro mdani", n'zosavuta kupambana.

Kudziwa mtendere wa tcheru, luso kuganizira izo, pamaso pa ntchito kutopa Bourdon yowerenga ndi kukonza zolakwika zofufuza.

Njira imeneyi wakhala kukulitsa akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito zamaganizo ku France B. Bourdon mu 1895. Ndi lero chotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kuphweka ake ndiponso ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana, makamaka bwino madokotala ena kangapo.

Kudzudzulidwa mayesero Bourdon akhoza kuchitika kwa achikulire ndi ana a sukulu ndi zaka sukulu. Pali okha zinthu ziwiri: munthuyo ayenera kukhala wokhoza kusunga kuwona ndipo wanyamula cholembera.

Methodology. Malipilo nyemba (Bourdon mayeso)

Kuonetsetsa kuti zonse zinayenda bwino, muyenera njira yapadera ndi wotchi yoyimitsa.

Pa letterhead (A4 pepala) kusindikizidwa zilembo za Chisililiki mu mwachisawawa mzere dongosolo. phunziro linafunsidwa kuwoloka kapena dulani mzere kunsi makalata chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa mawonekedwe akutembenukira mu mzera uliwonse.

Mwachitsanzo, ntchito kungakhale tsopano m'pofunika kutsindika lililonse kalata, ndi kupachika lililonse kalata Ine, kudzera aliyense mzere, pamene kuwerenga, muyenera achite mwamsanga, koma mosamala, anayamba ntchito phula lapansi. Mukamva "Asa!" Ikani mzere umodzi kumene pa mphindi ino ntchito pa.

Kukhazikitsa ngati ndondomeko ya zilembo mu mawonekedwe, anapereka amangosankha. The Tester iliyonse makumi atatu kapena makumi asanu masekondi (ichi ndi ayenera wotchi yoyimitsa) wapereka lamulo, "Asa!". Zinachitikira lonse chikuchitika kwa mphindi 10. "Otcherkivanie" limachititsa mme- mmene nkhaniyi pa nthawi, kuti ndi kutopa.

Malinga ndi ophunzira za kafukufuku mayeso mapeto maganizo awo zotengera malingaliridwe za mayeso, chitadutsa, chiwerengero cha zolakwa ankaimbidwa, izo adzakupatsani mwayi molondola kwambiri kumasulira deta lapadera.

Chongani zotsatira

Kudzudzulidwa mayesero Bourdon amatipatsa deta pa gome pamene yotsimikizira mayeso limafufuza mitundu ndi mayankho olondola (strikeout).

The koefishienti molondola ndi zokolola mopitirira zochokera tebulo deta ya mitunduyi:

B = (C - P) / (C + D)

E = U × V.

Kuwunika mphamvu mayeso kwa ndende pali chilinganizo:

K = (ΣS - ΣO - ΣYU) / ΣR × 100%.

Zotsatira akuyerekezedwa ndi lonse la:

Zotsatira mphindi zingatithandize kumvetsa mayeso khwekhwe, luso kuganizira ntchito maganizo, kuphunzitsa tcheru , kapena kupumula ndi kutaya.

njira kusinthidwa

Kukhala bwino ndi kambirimbiri, kudzudzula chitsanzo Bourdon akufotokozera asayansi osiyana anabweretsa zaluso lake ndi kuwonjezapo. Pakali pano, anapeza zosintha zitatu:

1. Landolt mphete. phunziro mawonekedwe ndi mndandanda wa mphete ndi mipata mu madera osiyana. njira kupangika kwa anthu amene sadziwa alifabeti, ana.
2. njira VY Anfimova. Yodziwika kuti pa nthawi inayake kafukufuku akuyamba mokweza masekondi 15 kutchula zilembo zosiyana m'njira wachisokonezo. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuchepetsa mlingo wa bata chidwi kwa zikuchitika kunja.
3. njira AG Ivanov-Smolensky. Anawoloka kunja osati mmodzi koma osakaniza makalata (MF - WG).

Kudzudzulidwa mayesero Bourdon. mawonekedwe

Ngati ndi kotheka, n'zotheka kuti lokha, koma pa nthawiyo ndi zitsanzo zokwanira bwino. M'munsimu muli ena a iwo.

Standard mawonekedwe akuluakulu.

Mawonekedwe ana a m'sukulu za pulayimale.

Kwa ana, inu mukhoza kupeza mitundu ndi mafano, oseketsa rozhitsami ndi zojambula.

Choncho, chabe younikira mlingo kachulukidwe ndi Mkhalidwe chidwi anthu. Pambuyo kudziwa kuti kuli bwino kulingalira koti apite, monga kwa kulimbitsa ndi chitukuko cha chidwi , nayenso, ali ndi njira zawo. Nkofunika kudziwa zolakwa zake ali wamng'ono ndi kuphunzira kudziletsa, kuti amuphunzitse iye ndi sukulu, ndiye kuphunzira idzakhala yophweka, kusangalala ndi popanda vuto.