Kufala mafuta chimene chiri bwino kusankha, makhalidwe

Kuchepetsa avale mbali akusisita, zimaonekera chitetezo pa kutentha ndi chitetezo dzimbiri ntchito kufala mafuta. Kodi kwambiri ndi zomwe ziri kusiyana pakati pa iwo? Kodi gulu la lubricating madzi? Timanena za izo m'nkhaniyi.

makhalidwe General

Pogwiritsa ntchito ya lubricant mu kufala kwa zigawo makina ndiotetezedwa ku khunyu, avale msanga ndiponso kuwonongeka ena. Izi zimatheka ndi mapangidwe wandiweyani filimu. Komanso, amachepetsa katundu magiya ndipo chotero phokoso la injini. More Lubricity madzi imagwera ntchito ya kutentha kuchotsa kuchokera pamalo kukhudzana. Choncho kwambiri yafupika mphamvu imfa kudzera kukhululukirana. Mafuta kwa HIV komanso Motors ndi a gulu osiyana.

Gawo malinga GOST

Pali zoweta GOST kwa HIV lubricating madzimadzi. Malinga ndi kukhuthala ndi ntchito, iwo anawagawa m'magulu asanu. Aliyense ali ndi lakuti yake. Mwachitsanzo, TM4-10 zikutanthauza:

• TM - kufala mafuta;

• 4 - gulu kugwira ntchito;

• 10 - kukhuthala kalasi.

Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

1. TM-1 - gulu limene anatumizidwa NIGROL chilimwe ndi chisanu. Tikuyankhula zokhudza zotsalira yosakongola, amene anapanga pa distillation mafuta.

2. TM-2 - gulu kwa mafuta chiwongolero ndi PPC. Iwo yodziwika ndi otsika khalidwe choncho kokha ntchito magalimoto akale zoweta.

3. TM-3 - girizi monga, mwachitsanzo, tsp-10, tsp-15K. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito magalimoto ntchito katundu cylindrical, conical ndi helical-conical mtundu.

4. TM-4 kuphatikiza mafuta: tsp-14gip, Tsgip ndi TSZ-9gip. Mtundu yamasika ntchito m'madera kumpoto kwa lorries kutentha angafikire ku madigiri makumi asanu pansi pa ziro. Yoyamba ntchito mabacteria kotentha ndi m'madera otentha.

5. TM-5 - mafuta TM5-12rk ndi TAD-17i. Yoyamba ntchito galimoto kwa nyengo yozizira monga vsesezonki ndi chachiwiri - m'nyengo yotentha ndi kotentha.

classifications ena

Ku Ulaya, United States ndi dziko lathu, kufalitsa classifications awiri: SAE ndi API. Iwo omasuka ndi azigwirizana. Mmodzi ndiyo kukhuthala, ndi ina yosiyana-siyana malingana zina ali momwemo.
Gawo ili kulibe okha HIV komanso mafuta injini, ngakhale kumasiyana ndi izo. Tiyeni tikambirane mitundu onse mwatsatanetsatane.

SAE

Gawo ili anayamba kupanga ndi American Society of Asayansi. Pa madzimadzi lubricating lagawidwa mitundu malingana kukhuthala lapansi. Gawo Ichi chikudziwika kwa onse, ndipo ntchito chifukwa ambiri galimoto opanga amavomereza moganizira mlingo wa kukhuthala, mafuta HIV.

Kodi bwino anathana pamaziko a kutentha, umene ntchito ndi galimoto. Choncho mitundu ya kuchotsera kwa kutentha ndi otsika.

Kukhuthala pa kutentha otsika ndi kufufuzidwa ndi kuyeza mlingo pa zimene amakwaniritsa zana zikwi makumi asanu CP Brookfield. Ndiye kutentha liri lokhazikika. Pamene mtengo uwu kuposa mayendedwe anayamba ndithu. Kumene, ndondomeko amadalira dongosolo mlatho. Koma Popeza kuti kungasokoneze iwo adzatero, ndi yoona. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndi chofunika kuti agwire ayamikira pa otsika kutentha chizindikiro.

Ngati kutentha zambiri ukufika madigiri makumi atatu pansi pa ziro, kuti Buku gearbox abwino mafuta kupanga m'mene amalembedwa 75W-XX, ndi malire a zikwi zisanu CP kukhuthala.

Pachimake mkulu-kutentha anatsimikiza pa zana madigiri. Choncho, kufala zinthu sadzakhala kuyamba kugwa, ngakhale ngati ntchito kwa maora makumi awiri pa kutentha.

API

Gawo ili ndi mosalekeza kwambiri, kumene kumatsimikizira zinafunika kufala mafuta. Kodi ndi bwino amusankha ndi kuchonga gl. Ambiri ndife gl-4 ndi gl-5.

Pakuti zimango mfundo komanso kupeza kufala mafuta gl-1 ndi gl-2. Iwo woyenera pansi wofatsa ndi sekondale modes wa ntchito, ndipo ngakhale chimake chachiwiri lili zina. Koma kuwonjezeka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito anapeza kuti zipangizo zaulimi.

Gl-4 ndi gl-5 ndi chilengedwe zinthu zosiyana ndi okwanira ya zina. Mtundu yotsirizira ya HIV Buku salinso abwino.

ZF

Pali gulu lina Zahnadfabrik Friedichshafen mankhwala Mlengi. Ngati anagula HIV mafuta amene ali abwino ndi nkhani sadzakhala kuima pamaso pa inu, monga mafuta izi zikufanana ndi chizindikiro wapamwamba kwambiri. Chodetsa Pankhaniyi zingakhale za ZF Te-ml 01 ndi ZF Te-ml 15. Lero lino mphambu khalidwe kwayamba kutchuka kwambiri.

1. ZT Te-ml 01 limasonyeza mafuta yoperekedwa kwa ulendo si maloboti.
2. ZT Te-ml 02 ndi oyenera magalimoto ndi mabasi.
3. ZT Te-ml 03 - chifukwa converters makokedwe;
4. ZT Te-ml 04 - chifukwa m'makhoti.
5. ZT Te-ml 05 - kwa axles pagalimoto kuchokera msewu zida.
6. ZT Te-ml 06 - chifukwa mathirakitala.
7. ZT Te-ml 07 - Pakuti cranes, kachitidwe magetsi.
8. ZT Te-ml 08, 09 - kachitidwe chiwongolero.
9. ZT Te-ml 10 - magalimoto anthu.
10. ZT Te-ml 11 - chifukwa transmissions makina ndi zodziwikiratu.
11. ZT Te-ml 12 - galimoto malonda ndi mabasi milatho.
12. ZT Te-ml 13, - kwa zoyendera magalimoto a NATO.
13. ZT Te-ml 14 - chifukwa transmissions basi magalimoto malonda.
14. ZT Te-ml 15 - kachitidwe ananyema zoyendera wapadera NATO zida.

Lililonse kalasi zikuphatikizapo lubricant pa osiyana mafuta ofotokoza: mchere, theka-kupanga ndi kupanga. Anasonyezanso osiyana a kukhuthala ndi mtundu wa lubricating madzimadzi.

Features ya ntchito

Ndipo mchere ndi theka-kupanga ndi mafuta kupanga zida ali ndi moyo wautali: kuchokera makumi awiri kuti makilomita zikwi zana limodzi. Mtunda zimadalira mafuta komanso zikhalidwe opaleshoni ndi mamangidwe a njira ya. Kusintha mafuta ikuchitika yekha likhoza kusintha zinthu mu ntchito yake.

ntchito Khola zimatheka chifukwa chakuti pali chitetezo chodalirika ndi malowedwe a fumbi la pa msewu, ndilo chifukwa chachikulu ulemu wonse. Komanso magwiridwe kugwa mu kukhudzana ndi chinyontho mu njira ya. Choncho, ngati khamu amaperekedwa kusindikiza kwambiri onse zigawo ndi mafupa, ndi katundu ntchito adzatsala kwa nthawi yaitali pa mkulu mlingo.

Kufala mafuta 75W90

Izi madzimadzi lubricating amatanthauza kalasi multigrade. Mafuta ndi gelled ndi ungelled. Zoyambazo ndi zina mwapadera, ndipo anatchulidwa kanjedza awiri, ndi yamasika lilibe mu zikuchokera thickening ake ndipo anasankha chithunzi chimodzi.

Zida mafuta 75W90 chikukhudza mawonekedwe gelled. Maonekedwe ake ndi pa kutentha ntchito kukhuthala chomwecho, koma pa lubricant otsika amakhala n'kakang'ono.

Pa 75W90 mafuta zida ndi pachikhalidwe cha mtengo wapatali, popeza ali makhalidwe kwambiri, kupereka nthawi yaitali kugwira bwino ntchito limagwirira mu modes osiyana opaleshoni.

Kondomu akumutsutsa kutentha mokwanira otsika digiri makumi Celsius. Mkulu kutentha kunyamulidwa ndi iwo, komanso mitundu ina, mosavuta.

Zida mafuta 80W90

Izi njira ali kalata W mu mutu, kutanthauza yozizira, ndi mu English mawu "yozizira". Zida mafuta 80W90 chikukhudza masewera yozizira. Ndi monga 85W90, wangwiro nyengo yozizira. mafuta, monga yapita, anati kwa mitundu inaimitsidwa. 80W90 angathe kusamutsa kutentha kwa madigiri twente-sikisi pansi pa ziro.

ZIC

Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani kufala mafuta ZIC 75W90. Iwo amakhala ndi imodzi yabwino otsika kutentha fluidity.

1. Malinga API gl mafuta amakhala ndi 4/5.

2. Pophulikira ndi madigiri 230.

3. Thirani mfundo - madigiri 45 Celsius.

Choncho, tinganene kuti 75W90 kufala mafuta (mtengo umene zoposa zikwi rubles, amene kugulitsidwa mtengo kwambiri), adzapereka opareshoni kwambiri a pachikhalidwe, ndi kufala adzakhala anazimitsa mofewa ndi bwino. Mkulu ntchito kalunzanitsidwe nthawi yomweyo kuteteza kufala kwa avale msanga ndiponso kupereka ntchito kwambiri pa nthawi yaitali.

Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kusankha bwino zida mafuta ZIC kapena chitsanzo china, muyenera khutu ku Buku malangizo. Ndipotu, pali magalimoto amene kusintha mafuta safanana si anapereka konse.