Kuluma kwa mitsempha yotchedwa encephalitic: zotsatira za munthu, mankhwala

Nkhupakupa ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ta magazi. Amatchula gulu la arachnids. Choopsa chachikulu chikuyimiridwa ndi nthata za m'nkhalango. Chenjerani ndi kuuma kwawo chifukwa cha kufala kwa kachilombo komwe amanyamula. Munthu sangaganize kuti nkhuku imayambira mu khungu lawo chifukwa cha mankhwala amadzimadzi omwe amatulutsa. Kodi zotsatira za kuluma kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a encephalitis?

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji miteti ya encephalitis?

Ndi maonekedwe a nkhupakupa sizingatheke kudziwa ngati zili zotenga kapena ayi. Kuti mudziwe ngati ali ndi chithandizo cha encephalitis, mungathe, ngati mutayesa kukayezetsa tizilombo mu laboratori. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapezeka mite yokha, mphutsi ndi nymphs. Pambuyo pa matenda a tizilombo timapezeka pakapita ntchito yofunikira pa nyama yodwala.

Kodi nkhuku ingayambe?

Kodi zotsatira za kuluma kwa tizilombo ta encephalitis ndi chiyani? Tizilombo timatha kuluma munthu, chifukwa chimaphatikizidwa pakhungu powonongeka ndi proboscis. Pazimenezi ndi mano omwe tizilombo tingathe kukhalapo pa thupi kwa nthawi yaitali. Njira iyi yothetsera nkhuku imatchedwa kuluma.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amadikirira nthawi yayitali udzu kapena shrubbery, kenaka amadziphatika okha ku zovala kapena gawo la thupi. Nthata sizidumpha ndipo sizigwera pamitengo, choncho zimayenera kupita kutali kuti zikafike kumalo oyamba. Ndi malo ofunda kapena ofunda m'thupi la munthu.

Nkhupakupa yokha sikumverera ndi munthuyo. Pakangotha khungu, tizilombo timatulutsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amathandiza kuti thupi likhale lopanda kuzindikira.

Munthuyo ali ndi malo omwe nkhukuyi imayambira:

• Malo a makutu ndi mutu;
• Nkhosa;
• Zitsulo ndi mawondo a mawondo;
• Malo amtundu;
• Malo otsekemera.

Ambiri amasangalala ndi zotsatira za kuluma kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (encephalitis tick) kwa anthu (chithunzi cha tizilombo tokha chingathandize kusiyanitsa ndi arachnids).

Chilonda poyamba sichitha kuzindikira, chifukwa tizilombo timapitiriza kukhalabe m'thupi. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera ku thupi. Chitani ichi ndi madokotala ku chipatala cha zamankhwala. Kukhoza kwa matenda a munthu ndi matenda a encephalitis kumadalira nthawi imene mite ili m'thupi la munthu ndi kuchuluka kwa kachilombo koyambitsa magazi.

Komabe, si anthu onse omwe amayankha nkhuku zowonongeka, ambiri amakaonana ndi dokotala pamene matendawa ayamba kusonyeza zizindikiro zosasangalatsa.

Kodi ndiwotani kwa mchenga wa encephalitis?

Kodi zotsatira zake zitatha bwanji katemera wa encephalitis? Vuto lalikulu limene nkhupakupa limatulutsa, limatulutsa matenda aakulu. Ndi tizilombo zimenezi zomwe zimaopseza anthu okhala m'madera omwe kale anali Soviet Union.

Encephalitis kapena borreliosis ikhoza kubweretsa anthu kokha chifukwa cha nthata. Matendawa ndi owopsa, chifukwa amachititsa zotsatira zoyipa, ndipo nthawi zina amafa. Kawirikawiri, anthu amayamba matenda a ubongo kapena matenda a m'maganizo.

Kutenga kumachitika m'njira ziwiri:

1. Choyamba, kachilombo kamapezeka m'thupi chifukwa cha kuluma kwa tizilombo.
2. Chachiwiri ndi poizoni m'magazi a munthu, pamodzi ndi mkaka kapena mankhwala ena omwe amachokera ku matenda: ng'ombe, mbuzi kapena nkhosa. Zogulitsa zoterezi ndi bwino kugula kwa ogulitsa omwe amayang'anira chitetezo cha katundu wawo.

Pankhani ya kutumiza kachilombo kudzera m'magazi, matenda sangapewe. Ndipotu, munthu akamaluma m'magazi, wothandizira matendawa amalowa, ndipo sitingathe kuzizindikira.

Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chiyani nditaluma tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a encephalitis?

Ntchito yaikulu pakukweza nkhuni ndiyo kuchotsa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupeza thandizo lachipatala kwa dokotala. Ngati palibe kuthekera, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchita izi nokha.

Chotsani tizilomboti tikhoza kukhala opanda pake. Zovala zazing'ono zophimbidwa ndi gauze ndipo mosamala zimapachika mite, ndiyeno imatembenuzidwira pang'onopang'ono. Simungathe kulikakamiza, ndipo mugwiritse ntchito zipangizo zolimba. Apo ayi, nkhupaku mutu ukhoza kukhala pansi pa khungu.

Akatswiri ena amalimbikitsa kugula malo okhalapo tizilombo toledzera.

Zomwe mungachite ndi zotsatira za kuluma kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a encephalitis? Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mlingo waukulu wa kachilombo m'magazi a munthu ukhoza kupezeka ngati miteyo isasokonezeke molakwika. Makamaka izi zimatanthawuza kuchotsedwa kwa tizilombo ndi mafuta kapena viniga. Pachifukwa ichi, mite imasokoneza komanso imayika mawanga ambiri m'magazi.

Pambuyo pochotsedwako, perekani chilonda ndi ayodini ndikuwona malo a kuluma. Thupi labwino la thupi ndi mawonekedwe a pinki, omwe ayenera kutuluka pakhungu patapita kanthawi.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyenera kutengedwera ku labotale kuti tidziwe ngati ali ndi matenda. Chifukwa chofunsira kwa katswiri ukhoza kukhala ndi pinki yomwe sichimawatha pambuyo pochotsa tizilombo, koma ikuwonjezeka m'mimba mwake. Palinso kuwonongeka kwa chikhalidwe kapena chiwombankhanga.

Kodi nkhupakupa zimayambitsa matenda a encephalitis?

Mungathe kutsatira njira zina zothandizira, kuti musadzathe kulimbana ndi zotsatira za kuluma kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a encephalitis. Kwa anthu, matenda amapezeka mofanana ndi nyama. Kwa nkhupakupa, palibe kusiyana komwe mungasankhe wogwidwa.

Tizilombo ta Iksodovye timakhala ngati nkhokwe yosungirako kachilomboka ndikuyambitsa matendawa.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapezeka m'mitundu yoposa 130 ya mbalame zotentha ndi zinyama zomwe zimanyamula matendawa kudzera mu nkhupakupa.

Zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi mwa anthu

Encephalitis ali ndi nyengo ya nyengo ndipo imamangidwa nthawi ya ntchito ya mite. Kuwopsa kwa tizilombo makamaka kumadalira nyengo, m'madera ena mpaka 70% ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.

Kodi zotsatira zake zitatha bwanji kulandira nkhuku ya encephalitis mwa anthu? Ngati kuluma kumachitika, kachilomboka kamachulukira pamalo komwe tizilombo timalowa pakhungu la munthu. Poyamba, palibe zizindikiro za matenda omwe samawuka. Pambuyo pake, maselo am'mimba amawonongeka ndipo kachilombo kamalowa m'magazi. Kuswana m'maselo a magazi, kumatengedwa ndi magazi m'mthupi lonse.

Choopsa chachikulu cha matendawa chimakhala chifukwa chakuti zizindikiro zake zimakhala zikuwoneka patatha nthawi inayake nkhuku ikaluma. Zimadalira chitetezo cha munthuyo komanso kuchuluka kwa poizoni komwe kwatha kulowa m'magazi. Ngati chitetezo cha thupi chikufooka, zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa zikhoza kuoneka patatha masiku awiri ataluma. Kawirikawiri, kuwonongeka kumachitika tsiku la 10 la matenda.

Zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika mutatha matenda:

1. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zimaonekera mkati mwa masabata awiri pambuyo pa kuluma.
2. Pambuyo masiku 2-4, kutentha kwakukulu kumachitika, pali ululu minofu, nseru, ndipo nthawi zina kusanza.
3. Pasanathe sabata wodwala amamva kuti amayamba kupuma.
4. Pambuyo pa masiku khumi ndi atatu, nkhuku zowuma, munthu amapeza zolakwika m'ntchito ya mitsempha, matenda osokoneza bongo, kusokonezeka komanso kusokonezeka maganizo.

Zotsatira za kuluma kwa mitsempha ya encephalitis ndi yosiyana. Ndi mtundu uliwonse wa matendawa, kutentha kwakukulu kumapezeka, komwe nthawi zina kumafika madigiri 40. Kwa iye, kufooka kwathunthu ndi kusanza kumayanjana. Matendawa amatha masiku khumi, chifukwa nthawiyi kachilombo kameneka kakufalikira kupyolera mu thupi.

Ngati, pambuyo pa chikhalidwe cha febrile, zizindikiro zonse za matenda zimachoka, ndiye wodwalayo amakhudzidwa ndi mtundu wa febrile wa encephalitis.

Ngati zizindikiro zatsopano zikuwonjezeredwa ku zizindikiro zomwe zilipo, kuphatikizapo vuto la mitsempha, matendawa apangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri. Nthaŵi zina, ndi encephalitis utatha kutentha kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri, mpumulo ukhoza kubwera.

Komabe, izi sizikutanthawuza nthawi zonse kuti ayambe kuchira, chifukwa ndi malungo a mtundu wina wa matendawa angawonekere. Iwonetseredwa ndi kutentha, mantha a kuwala ndi minofu yowawa.

Chizoloŵezi cha poliomyelitis cha matendawa chingayambitse ziwalo za miyendo, zomwe zimachititsa munthu kumagalimoto olumala.

Kodi zotsatira za kuluma kwa tizilombo ta encephalitis ndi chiyani? Iwo akhoza kukhala osiyana: kuchokera ku zovuta zazing'ono mpaka zovuta (kulemala, imfa) ngati palibe thandizo lachipatala la panthawi yake.

Chithandizo pambuyo Pakukopa kuluma

Titha kupita ku funso lotsatirali, pamene tidziwone zotsatira za kuluma kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a encephalitis. Chithandizo cha odwala pa nkhaniyi, chikuchitika bwanji, ndi njira ziti zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito? Ngati katemera ataluma munthu ali ndi zizindikiro zina, ndiye amafunika kupeza chithandizo kuchipatala. Kulamulira thanzi la wodwalayo kumapitirira mwezi.

Chithandizo chikuphatikizapo ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

• Njira zothandiza kwambiri ndi anti-malignant immunoglobulin. Mankhwalawa ali ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri, chifukwa umaphatikizapo magazi a opereka omwe sakhala ndi matendawa.
• Wodwala akulamulidwa mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
• Monga njira yoteteza, mungagwiritse ntchito zakudya zolimbikitsa.
• Ngati mukuganiza kuti kutupa kwa ubongo ndi poliomyelitis, nkofunikira kutenga mahomoni a steroid.
• Ngati matenda a khunyu amapezeka, dokotala amapereka mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa kuchitika.

Chithandizo cha akulu ndi ana chiyenera kuchitidwa mu dipatimenti ya matenda opatsirana ya chipatala. Pankhaniyi, chizindikiro chilichonse cha matendawa chimayang'aniridwa ndi katswiri yemwe adzachitapo kanthu pakakhala mavuto atsopano.

Wodwala sangathe kuchotsa mwangozi zotsatira za nkhuku kuluma, ndipo ayenera kuwonedwa nthawi zonse ndi dokotala.

Kodi zotsatira za kuluma kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a encephalitis?

Atayenda, makolo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa thupi la mwanayo kuti akwaniritse. Nthaŵi zambiri tizilombo tingathe kupezeka pa scalp.

Nkhupakupa kuluma imadetsedwa chifukwa sichidziwika nthawi yomweyo. Tizilombo ta tizilombo ta tizilombo ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo sichiluma panthawi yomweyo, koma amafufuza malo oterewa, komwe khungu limakhala lochepa kwambiri ndipo mumatha kufika mitsuko mosavuta.

Pambuyo pakutha kuchotsa, zochitika zingakhale motere:

1. Ngati tizilombo sitinatenge kachilomboka, ndiye kuti mwanayo safunikira chilichonse.
2. Pa mwana yemwe ali ndi chizoloŵezi chowombera, pamalo a mbola pamakhala pangТono kakang'ono, redema, ndi chezi. Kuvutika kwa mwana kumatha pang'onopang'ono popanda kuvulaza.
3. Ngati nkhupakupayo ili ndi kachilombo, ndiye kuti pakhoza kukhala zizindikiro zosiyana: kutentha thupi, kupweteka mutu, kusowa kwa njala, kuthamanga ndi zina.

Kodi zotsatira za kuluma kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a encephalitis? Zotsatira za kuluma kwa tizilombo kwa ana sizikudziŵika bwino: Pazifukwa zonse, kuopsa kwa chikhalidwe cha mwana kumadalira kuchuluka kwa kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a magazi, komanso maonekedwe a thupi ndi nthawi yake ya mankhwala. Zina mwa zotsatira zowopsa, tikhoza kusiyanitsa:

• Kuwowola ziwalo, kawirikawiri za manja;
• Kusokoneza minofu;
• Mu 9% pali zotsatira zowopsa, zomwe zimachitika mkati mwa sabata pambuyo pa matenda;
• Wopereka kachilombo ka HIV.

Makolo ayenera kuteteza ana ku matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa tizilombo tingapeze mwana m'mapaki ndi m'midzi.

Mavitamini oteteza nkhupakupa

Choncho, kuti tipeŵe zotsatira pambuyo poti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuti muteteze ku nkhuku kuluma:

1. Pakati pa madyerero m'nkhalango, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha malo otseguka m'thupi la munthu. Zovala ziyenera kuvala ndi manja aatali ndi kuvala mathalauza mu nsapato. Chovala chamutu chiyenera kukhala pamutu.
2. Kupita ku nkhalango, nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala odana ndi mankhwala omwe amachiza khungu.
3. Pamene mukuyendetsa kudutsa m'nkhalango, ndi bwino kusankha pakati pa njira ndikupewa mitengo yayitali ndi zitsamba.
4. Mutabwerera kuchokera ku maulendo, muyang'ane zovala zonse za nkhupakupa. Ndipotu, tizilombo sikuti timalowa pakhungu nthawi yomweyo, ndipo timafufuza maola ochepa malo abwino kwambiri. Choncho, nkhuku kuluma ingaletsedwe.
5. Zovala zonse zomwe munthu anali kuyenda, ziyenera kutsukidwa.
6. Monga njira yowonetsetsera, mukhoza katemera, makamaka musanapite ku malo oopsa.
7. Musanapite ku nkhalango kuti mutenge nawo zonse zofunika, zomwe zingatheke ndi nkhuku kuluma. Mu pharmacies, makina amagulitsidwa, kuphatikizapo: zofiira, njira zowonetsera malo otsekemera ndi ena.

Pochita zovuta zowononga, munthu akhoza kudziteteza yekha ndi okondedwa ake ku zochitika za matenda omwe angayambitse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Malangizo ndi uphungu

Zotsatira za kuluma kwa encephalitis mite zingapewe ngati mutatsatira malangizo awa:

• Musanayambe pikisitiki, mumatha kutenga zovala zanu ndi chida chapadera ndi acaricides chomwe chingathe kupha mite. Pambuyo pobwerera kunyumba, nkofunika kuyang'ana osati zovala zokha za anthu, komanso ubweya wa nyama zoweta zomwe zimawombedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Mukhoza kulumidwa ndi nkhuku ngakhale m'munda wanu, choncho nkofunika kukweza udzu ndikuchotsa tchire zosafunika.
• Kuti mupange picnic m'nkhalango, muyenera kusankha malo amchenga kapena nkhalango youma.

Kuteteza nkhupaku kuluma sizingatheke, koma ngati papezeka pakhungu la tizilombo ndikofunika kuti tipeze thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga kuti tipewe zotsatirapo.