M'badwo atsopano a mankhwala statin: ubwino, mitengo, ndemanga

mankhwala kalasi statin akhala apanga ngati njira kuchepetsa seramu mafuta ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo mtima. Kwa nthawi yaitali ofufuza ndi madokotala ntchito yekha ndi mankhwala, "Lovastatin," "Pravastatin" "Simvastatin", "Fluvastatin." Ndiye anali apanga "Atorvastatin" ndi "Rosuvastatin" - ndiwo m'badwo atsopano statins, kapena kani, mankhwala yabwino kwambiri mu gulu ili. Komanso panopa yofuna kukhala watsopano, kumeneko ndi otetezeka komanso zothandiza statins, Pakati wotchuka kwambiri wa "pitavastatin."

General pharmacological makhalidwe a statins

statins onse amagwa m'gulu la mankhwala amene amakhudza zamadzimadzi kagayidwe mu thupi. The anatomical achire mankhwala gulu ka mankhwala iwo anasankha malamulo S10AA ndi ikukhudzana bwanji ndi zoletsa wa reductase HMG-CoA. Inhibiting Ntchito ya enzyme ichi, iwo kusokoneza kaphatikizidwe wa mafuta m'thupi, seramu kwambiri kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake. statins Zimenezi zimathandiza kukwaniritsa woipa otero otsika kachulukidwe lipids m'magazi.

Zimenezi n'zotheka kuti kuchepetsa mlingo wa chitukuko cha zolengeza atherosclerotic. Komanso mankhwala kuteteza pakuwonekera kwake. Ngakhale ngati ilipo mu zotsatira wapatali statins: iwo ziziyenda bwino mu endothelium la zolengeza atherosclerotic, pankhani imeneyi, kuchepetsa mosavuta thrombosis inatsekeratu, akuchita ndi njira zosiyana koposa ndi mankhwala antiplatelet. Komanso, ntchito ophatikizana a ndalama izi zimathandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa mosavuta matenda a mtima. Chifukwa statins amene anaika pa mtengo ndi chothetsera.

Makamaka statins gulu

Pali njira zingapo magawano mu makalasi a mankhwala. Iwo Tingaone mu mawu mbali kaphatikizidwe. Komanso, popeza mankhwala a statins osiyanasiyana kukuchititsa Kugawilidwa kwanthaka pa mlingo wosiyana ndi wololera kuti atchule gulu zochokera Mlingo analimbikitsa. Gulu la mibadwo zikuwoneka ngati izi:

• Ine m'badwo "Simvastatin", "Pravastatin", "Lovastatin".
• II m'badwo, "Fluvastatin."
• III m'badwo "cerivastatin," "Atorvastatin".
• Generation IV "pitavastatin," "Rosuvastatin."

statins onse anawagawa yokumba apanga ku zipangizo, ndi masoka. Dama "Lovastatin," "Pravastatin" ndi "Simvastatin". mankhwala kupanga ndi zina. "Fluvastatin," "Atorvastatin", "Rosuvastatin" ndi "pitavastatin"

Gulu la statins pa mlingo malingana ntchito

magulu onse a mankhwala, kuphatikizapo mbadwo atsopano statins, nzeru ogaŵikana mlingo wochepa (8 mg), srednedoznye (10-40 mg) wa mkulu (40-80 mg). Makamaka:

• mkulu-yotupa mankhwala ( "atorvastatin", "Lovastatin" "Fluvastatin");
• mankhwala srednedoznye ( "simvastatin", "pravastatin", "Rosuvastatin");
• mankhwala otsika mlingo ( "pitavastatin").

Gawo amasonyeza kuti n'zotheka kupereka ndi uthunthu wawo achire. Makamaka mkulu-mankhwala zimakhudzanso ndalama yapamwamba, pamene bwino analekerera. Srednedoznye mankhwala, koma "rosuvastatin" zochepa bwino analekerera pa mlingo waukulu, koma ndi zotsatira zabwino.

Srednedozny statin "Rosuvastatin" angathe kuperekedwa mu mlingo mkulu (80 mg), ngati zofunikira chifukwa cha kuchepetsa mokwanira lathunthu okwana mafuta ndi otsika kachulukidwe kachigawo kuti nthawi zambiri safunikira. "Pitavastatin" ndi zitafuna kopita ndalama zochepa, chifukwa cha zimene kuopsa zosiyanasiyana chokhwima nthawi zambiri poyerekeza kuti cha Akhristu kalasi.

Mbiri ya chitukuko ndi oyamba statins

History of statins kwambiri maganizo. Poyamba, chitukuko amavutika kwambiri ndi kupanda chidziwitso cha kagayidwe mafuta ndi mosavuta kukhala atherosclerosis, malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa lipids magazi. Komanso kamodzi apanga gopoholesterinemicheskie zikutanthauza kuti ziletsa microflora mu zikhalidwe za amatha kuumba, anafuna kupeza penisilini. Kutsegula kwa mafuta m'thupi-kutsitsa kanthu angapo a zinthu umatulutsa bowa, ndipo wathandiza kuphunzira statins.

Iye anakhala woyamba statin, compactin, osati anadzetsa mchitidwe matenda chifukwa maganizo otsutsana zotsatira zake. Iwo anali olekanitsidwa chikhalidwe cha Penicillium cetrinium. Ndiye, kuyambira chikhalidwe cha Monascus ruber anali akutali monacolin K, okhala mu February 1979. Mu June 79th okhala ndi mevinolin, amene anayamba kunyamula kapena kubvala dzina "Lovastatin". Izi mankhwala ntchito kuchipatala, pambuyo anali olekanitsidwa kapena apanga ndi m'badwo atsopano statins.

A zambiri adani statins imathetsa chitukuko, kenako anaganiza kuchita zikuluzikulu mayesero matenda. Chibwenzi, yaikulu ndi zothandiza kwambiri kuphunzira Scandinavia Simvastatin Kupulumuka Phunziro. Adzafupikitsidwa dzina lake ndi «4S». Iwo anatsutsa kwathunthu kuthekera matenda carcinogenic zokhudzana ndi makonzedwe mankhwala, ndi kutsimikizira kuti akugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kumawonjezera moyo amayembekezeka ndipo kumachepetsa zochitika za pathologies pachimake inatsekeratu.

Abstracts kuti athandize statins

Pamene ndende koyamba okwana mafuta a 7.4 mmol / l, statin mankhwala ndi kukwaniritsa mlingo wa 5.4 mmol / L kwambiri amachepetsa chiopsezo zochitika amapha mtima ndi 40% patadutsa zaka 5. chiwerengero cha maphunziro ena asonyeza kuti kutsitsa okwana mafuta mlingo okha 1 mmol / L ndi wachisanu ndi amachepetsa imabwera thrombosis inatsekeratu choncho matenda a mtima kapena kachigawo.

Poganizira statins, ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zimene amalankhula kwambiri akatswiri ndi odwala, tingathe kumvetsa mfundo zotsatirazi: mukhoza mankhwala mankhwala mwamsanga zaka 40 ndi akulu, ndi kuchepetsa mavuto a matenda a mtima - ndi njira zomveka wa kutalikitsa moyo. Ndipo kuyambira statins mtengo ofikika ndithu, mankhwala atsimikizira ogwira, akhoza kumwedwa popanda tsankho kuti bajeti yake. Kumene, m'badwo atsopano statins ndi zambiri zodula, ngakhale chomwecho "Rosuvastatin" Mfundo ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri wodwalayo. Ndipo ndiyo yotchipa mtundu kukonzekera "Merten".

makhalidwe poyerekeza: Ubwino ndi Kuipa

Kuona statins, ndipo ndi iwo kulankhula zapamwamba. Zifukwa "chifukwa" ali mbali ya zochita zawo achire: kuchepetsa magazi kolesterolo ndi otsika kachulukidwe tuzigawo twa, kuteteza kufala kwa zochitika pachimake ndi thandizo mankhwala awo. Komabe, mankhwala monga statins, palinso contraindications. Pali mavuto, ayimire mfundo zotsutsana ntchito.

Pamene mankhwala ndi statins chiopsezo myopathy. Iye mwina nkhoswe ndi chopinga wa kaphatikizidwe wa mafuta, imene likufuna minofu. Pafupipafupi amenewa ndi otsika kwambiri, ngakhale chinawonjezeka ndi coadministration ndi zina wothandizila hypolipidemic. Palinso chiopsezo cha khansa chiwindi kudwala, ngakhale Mwina ngati matenda, monga momwe maphunziro posachedwapa, otsika kwambiri. Pa yemweyo kutsimikiziridwa ndi chakuti khansara anali chikwiyire ndi zinthu zina. Choncho, zokonzekera za "statins" contraindications ayenera amaletsa co-ka mankhwala ndi nthumwi ina imene imalimbiki- kuchepa mu ndende ya maselo mafuta.

Mtengo wa m'badwo atsopano statins

Pa m'badwo atsopano statins mitengo osiyana, ngakhale zotsatira zawo ofunika kulipira. Funso lina ndi kokha kuti zotsatira za zochita zawo chingapezeke ntchito analogues mtengo kalasi mibadwo kale. Makamaka ambiri statin Generation IV "Rosuvastatin" mtengo pafupifupi motere:

• 600 rubles kwa mapiritsi a 40 mg wa;
• 400-450 pa piritsi 20 mg wa;
• 300-350 kwa 10 mg;
• 200 rubles 5 mg.

phukusi lili miyala 30, zokwanira kwa mwezi umodzi chithandizo, pamene mwezi chithandizo "pitavastatin" mitengo pafupifupi motere:

• 1 mg ndalama za 700-750 rubles;
• Piritsi 2 mg - za 1000 rubles;
• piritsi 4 mg - 1500 rubles.

Kusankha pakati pa "Pitavastinom" ndi "rosuvastatin" zachokera i zinayi: mtengo chinthu, mlingo wa kuchepetsa otsika kachulukidwe lipoprotein, mkulu-osalimba lipoprotein kuwonjezeka chidzalo, chitetezo. Liwiro kutsitsa mafuta ndi kukula HDL, komanso mtengo kwambiri zikuwoneka "Rosuvastatin", pamene theoretically otetezeka ndi "pitavastatin."

Last kawiri monga mtengo poyerekeza ndi "rosuvastatin". Komabe, pali kuthekera ntchito zina, mtengo statins. Kwambiri chuma zaphindu m'mbuyomu "Simvastatin". Tsopano iye m'malo mwa "Atorvastatin", amene nthawi zonse m'malo mwa "rosuvastatin" (mtengo wake tingafunike kugwa). Ndipo ngati statins atsopano mitengo m'badwo ali unaffordable kwa odwala, m'pofunika kuganiza kuti amachitira "atorvastatin" kapena "Simvastatin". Mwa njira, maphunziro ambiri kuchitidwa "atorvastatin".

Mfundo mokomera statins okalamba

Poyamba, clinicians zikuwavuta mankhwala statins odwala wamkulu kuposa zaka 75. Chifukwa cha mfundo zotsatirazi:

• phwando, magulu ena angapo mankhwala;
• mwagwirizana kuti sanafune kuwonjezera gulu lina la mankhwala;
• kusowa kapena otsika komplaentnost chithandizo;
• ndi kusafuna odwala kuti akadzigulire wokha statins ndi kuwagwiritsa ntchito chifukwa cha kusadziwa zotsatira zawo.

zingapo atafufuza ndi "Simvastatin" "Pravastatin" ndi "atorvastatin" anasonyeza kuchepa kwambiri imfa odwala wamkulu kuposa zaka 75. Komanso, kuchepa imfa inali kuposa odwala magulu zaka 55-65 ndi zaka 65-75. Chifukwa mankhwala a kalasi (statins) ndemanga akatswiri bwino akutsimikizira a.

mankhwala awa akhoza kumwedwa m'tsogolo kaya panali kale pachimake mtima matenda. Ndipo odwala amene kwenikweni zofunika kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha imfa yake ku infarction m'mnyewa wamtima kapena kachigawo, muyenera kudziwa kuti ngati mankhwala othandiza komanso otetezeka, izo ndithudi ofunika kutenga. Makamaka mankhwala ndi statins wakhala mosavuta ndipo chipitiliza wotero.

NKHANI ndemanga pa mbadwo atsopano statins

Odwala ndemanga potaya khalidwe la makamaka statins generic si zimasonyeza, chifukwa sadamve kusintha kwakukulu kwa kumwa mankhwala a. Kuwonjezera magazi zamadzimadzi mbiri silipezeka pa ukupeza ndipo alibe zizindikiro kunja. Iwo amazindikira yekha zamadzimadzi mbiri. Chifukwa pamene mumayesto statin mwanzeru anatsogolera review akatswiri. Ndipo za kukonzekera zimene pophika yogwira ndi pitavastatin, akatswiri a boma sangathe kuyankha.

Zochita matenda mu CIS "pitavastatin" chifukwa cha mtengo mkulu ndipo chifukwa cha kukhalapo "rosuvastatin" ndi generics ake sizikhudza. Zokonzekera "rosuvastatin", amene tanena kale, kanthu mwamsanga: zamadzimadzi mbiri dekhetsa miyezi 1-2. The "atorvastatin" nthawi ndi nthawi theka. Komanso generic "rosuvastatin" kudzanso kuyambira mitundu iwiri zimapukusidwa ndi cytochrome lapansi. Pa nthawi, nkhaniyi anatengedwa pa zimene akatswiri izo imathandiza kwambiri kusankha statin pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana matenda.

Zimene ambiri a mibadwo atsopano statins

Mankhwala "pitavastatin" ndi "Rosuvastatin" ndi zapamwamba kwambiri mwa oimira gulu la statin, umene gulu lalikulu la umboni anasonkhana. zotsatira zawo zambiri zofanana ndi anthu a "atorvastatin", koma pali kusiyana. "Pitavastatin" ndi "Rosuvastatin" kulola angafikire mulingo mafuta misinkhu, ndi otsika kachulukidwe lipoprotein mu mlingo poyerekeza ndi "atorvastatin".

Kuwonjezera ukulu pamwamba statins m'badwo atsopano ndi ofunika kwambiri ndipo ndi mbali ina. Ndicho, mankhwalawa "pitavastatin" ndi "rosuvastatin" anaona normalization kusala kudya kwa lipids magazi ndi kuwonongedwa homocysteinemia. Izi ndi zofunika monga zinachitikira matenda pachimake inatsekeratu, ndi odwala matenda aakulu inatsekeratu, amayamba ndi atherosclerosis inatsekeratu. Security ntchito ya statins kuposa asidi kardioform acetylsalicylic. Komabe, pamaso pa contraindications amaletsa ntchito zawo kuti ena alionse mtima (onani. Contraindications General).

zitsanzo chiphunzitso

Mankhwala okhala "Rosuvastatin" zilipo pansi mayina otsatirawa malonda: "AKORT", "Rozistark", "Rozukard", "Rozart", "Merten", "Rozulip", "Roxer", "Rustor", "Tevastor". Zonse mankhwala ndi generic "Crestor" omwe anakhala rosuvastatin choyamba. Mankhwala, momwe thunthu yogwira ndi pitavastatin, mayina monga «Livalo». generics ake «Pitavas» ndi «Pivasta». iwo sanalembedwepo mu CIS, ngakhale mayina a Pharmacopoeia.

chidule

Mogwirizana ndi gulu la mankhwala zotsatira ndi kusanthula mtima kwa ntchito zawo, ntchito statins ndi koyenera kuti wosasunthika atherosclerotic zolengeza komanso kupewa mavuto ake. Iwo ntchito kuchepetsa mphamvu ya atherosclerosis, okhudza zamadzimadzi mbiri ya seramu magazi. Chifukwa, kalasi ya mankhwala alidi n'zofunika cardiology. Ndipo ubwino wa statins m'badwo atsopano kale njira kupewa thrombosis amapha inatsekeratu.