Mitundu ya heaters, makhalidwe awo ndi ntchito. The kutchinjiriza bwino: ndemanga, nsonga

Kutchinjiriza - generic dzina zipangizo kuti tinapangidwa kuchepetsa kulanda kutentha bwino.

The mitundu ikuluikulu ya kutchinjiriza

Taganizirani mitundu ya heaters, makhalidwe awo ndi ntchito, zomwe adzatola popanga zipangizo bwino. Pali mitundu iwiri chachikulu cha izo: kutentha ndi kutchinjiriza phokoso. Woyamba kumachepetsa kutentha kutengerapo. Zimenezi zimathandiza munthu kutentha wolimba, kuchepetsa Kutentha ndi yozizira mpweya m'nyumba. Sound kutchinjiriza zimapangitsa nyumba moyo wokoma kwambiri, amateteza phokoso kunja. Kusankha mankhwala yabwino kuphunzira gulu zipangizo, anapatsidwa R mtengo ngati muyeso wa kukana matenthedwe. The apamwamba zigoli bwino.

Matenthedwe kutchinjiriza zipangizo ntchito:

• zomangamanga kwa wapakamwa ndi ntchito mkati ntchito pa makoma, pansi panyumba madenga;
• zolinga luso - mipope lotsekedwa ndipo zosiyanasiyana zida;
• mitundu yeniyeni monga infuraredi, zingalowe, Kuganizira mpweya - chatekinoloje kutchinjiriza, amene makhalidwe n'zotheka kukhala kutentha anakhumba mu chipinda.

mitundu ya zipangizo

Organic kutentha kutchinjiriza zinthu zosiyanasiyana zipangizo polymeric omwe ndi opepuka, mwangwiro kukhalabe kutentha, koma n'zosavuta kuyatsa choncho ayenera kutetezedwa.

Mitundu ya heaters, makhalidwe awo ndi ntchito amasiyana zipangizo ku zimene iwo amapangidwa. Iwo akhoza kukhala:

• organic;
• wosakaniza;
• zochita kupanga.

Heaters zosiyana dongosolo ndipo granular, fibrous, ma. Komanso kupanga kuchokera ku zipangizo adagulung'undisa, nkhani mphako kuti zipangizo. A chizindikiro chapadera ndi chiŵerengero cha moto kuchokera mitundu kugonjetsedwa kwathunthu ngozi ya moto, amene ntchito okha yeniyeni, zolinga yopapatiza.

mankhwala matabwa mu mawonekedwe a slabs, zodulidwa, tchipisi, komanso pepala zobwezerezedwanso, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinyalala ku chakudya mu ulimi amatchedwa "kutchinjiriza organic khoma" imene ili otsika mtengo. zinthuzi ntchito m'nyumba, koma sachedwa yonyowa ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi kuvunda.

Zipangizo zochita kupanga monga mchere ubweya ndi ena ofanana konkire ndi galasi, makampani zinyalala ndi luso lapadera mu mawonekedwe a thovu, CHIKWANGWANI, nyumba yotere. Iwo yodziwika ndi kulemera pafupifupi yeniyeni, mphamvu otsika, akuwukha. Choncho, ntchito kokha limodzi ndi mankhwala ena nyumba.

Kuti losakanizika zokutira zitsulo insulant monga zipangizo asibesitosi (olimba, pamphasa, thovu). Iwo ali wopepuka, kugonjetsedwa ndi moto, koma zingabweretse zinthu zoipa popanda chitetezo zina kapena unsembe zosayenera.

The mankhwala chachikulu zokutira zitsulo

The mitundu ikuluikulu ya heaters, makhalidwe awo ndi ntchito tinganene kuti pa chitsanzo cha mankhwala ambiri kutchinjiriza.

Galasi ubweya amapangidwa galasi zobwezerezedwanso ndi mchenga, koloko phulusa ndi laimu. Ndiye galasi umapangidwa ntchito utomoni mamiliyoni ukonde wa ulusi umene olumikiza mzake. kutchinjiriza otere opangidwa mu mawonekedwe a masikono ndi slabs. Maminolo ubweya amapangidwa kuchokera m'mwala osungunula mu ng'anjo, imene Nkhuntho pa kutentha pafupifupi 1600 ° C. Latha mankhwala amatuluka mu masikono ndi mapepala. kachulukidwe wa kutchinjiriza wa mtundu uwu angakhale osiyana. Iwo amachita monga bwino matenthedwe ndi lamayimbidwe insulator.

Okhwima mapanelo kutchinjiriza anawagawa:

• Polyurethane (Puri) matabwa, ali odzazidwa ndi gasi, koma pofuna kupewa izo kuchokera loyenda anachitira ndi aluminum zojambulazo.
• Polyisocyanurate (PIR) matabwa ndi fiberglass yaitali yarns mu dongosolo la.
• Polystyrene mbale, mwachitsanzo Penoplex kutchinjiriza ndi zisulo zabwino kuti adziteteze ku kutentha ndi phokoso.

Chimawala kutchinjiriza mu mawonekedwe a zojambulazo ndi zachilengedwe wochezeka komanso zothandiza mankhwala kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito zomangamanga. Zofunika kudzera zojambulazo kumachepetsa kutentha kutengerapo kuti 97%. Chimawala insulator ntchito chishango chachikulu ndi evaporation ndipo kumachepetsa condensation. Wetting kungakhale kovuta kuti zina mwa nkhani fiberglass.

Ekoizolyatsiya

mankhwala zachilengedwe monga mitundu zachilengedwe a kutchinjiriza. Izi matenthedwe ndi lamayimbidwe mbale ndi masikono, thonje ubweya, hemp ndi poliyesitala zobwezerezedwanso. Youma kumanga njira kumafuna akalowa wa plasterboard. Iwo ntchito m'malo pulasitala yonyowa.

Mpweya Kakhungu, zipangizo kumatira, zomatira - ndi kumanga zosakaniza kutero. kachulukidwe wa kutchinjiriza ntchito mu malo kuteteza madenga, pamakoma machitidwe kunja, ndi denga chapamwamba, pansi, makoma angakhale osiyana zoperewerazo kutentha ankhanza mabacteria osiyana nyengo.

mankhwala adagulung'undisa

Pereka kutchinjiriza - ambiri ndi angakwanitse mawonekedwe a kutchinjiriza. Amakhala ndi kusintha thonje zofewa koposa zonse - fiberglass. zomangira ali chopangidwa kuchokera mchere (thanthwe ndi slag), pulasitiki ndi ulusi zachilengedwe monga thonje ndi ubweya.

Mbale ndi coils ndi kakulidwe chotenthetsera, amene ali oyenera sitepe muyezo pakati misomaliyo pakhoma, kudenga denga kapena matabwa ndi slabs pansi. masikono mosalekeza akhoza pamanja unadulidwa kapena undercut mbiri pansi ndege aliyense kupewa mipata. Kutchinjiriza waikidwa kapena wopanda akalowa. Opanga nthawi zonse anali kuphatikiza webs zakuthupi ndi wosanjikiza kuteteza kraft pepala, zojambulazo, kraft pepala kapena vinilu kupereka nthunzi chotchinga ndi chotchinga mpweya. Mbale ndi wapadera refractory pamwamba kubala makoma zosiyanasiyana m'lifupi chapansi ndi malo ena kumene wosanjikiza awo lotsegukabe. Akalowa kumathandizanso atsogolere yolusa pa unsembe. Komabe mbale uncoated pogwiritsa ntchito kutchinjiriza zina - ndi kutchinjiriza yabwino makoma, amene mtengo n'zomveka ndithu.

dzina	Price pa pakani mayina.
Galasi ubweya Ursa	900-1300
Uniflex "Technonikol"	1100-1400
Ubweya "Isover"	1100-1300

Standard fiberglass masikono ndi slabs ndi mkulu matenthedwe kukana, koma pamwamba chithunzi ichi theka lachiwiri.

midadada konkire

midadada Konkire ntchito yomanga nyumba maziko ndi zipupa. Pali njira zingapo kuwateteza. Ngati mitima si wotanganidwa ndi konkire ndi zitsulo zifukwa structural, iwo kutinso mudzazidwe ndi kutchinjiriza, amene kumawonjezera pafupifupi R mtengo wa pakhoma. Field maphunziro ndi zoyeserera kompyuta asonyeza kuti luso chodzaza mtundu uliwonse wa zinthu zoteteza amapereka pang'ono ndalama mafuta, chifukwa kutentha mosavuta imachitika nthawi zonse mbali olimba a makoma, mafupa. More efficiently kuikidwa pa pamalo a kutchinjiriza atilakwira. mtengo wake ndi kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa magetsi.

Kuwayika kutchinjiriza pa makoma mkati mwa nthandala ndi wapakamwa ubwino zina mosiyana ndi chipika munali matenthedwe misa. The unsembe wa danga wabwino amathandiza kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino kutentha.

Anthu ena opanga monga mikanda polystyrene mu midadada konkire. Amene kumawonjezera R-zolozera katundu m'dziko. opanga zina chithovu konkire atilakwira. kukana kwawo matenthedwe ndi wamkulu kuposa kawiri. Various zamitundu kutchinjiriza amathandiza ntchito lonse mu nyumba zingatipunthwitse.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya olimba precast autoclaved konkire: Walling midadada zopangidwa autoclaved lokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira konkire ndi autoclaved lokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira konkire. Nkhanizi lili pafupifupi 80% mpweya ndi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito yomanga.

Autoclave konkire kakhumi kuposa kwa ochiritsira katundu zokutira zitsulo. midadada Large mosavuta anachekedwa, ndi mawonekedwe a kusintha mwa zida wamba. Mabukuwa zimatenga madzi, choncho amafuna chitetezo ku chinyezi. Kupanga precast AAC ntchentche phulusa ntchito m'malo mwa mchenga khwatsi. Izi ndi zosiyana kwa konkire ma. The phulusa popangidwa ndi kuyaka wa malasha zomera mphamvu ndipo ali zayamba ufulu wa nkhani imene kale kuwataya.

Komanso kulenga ofunda makoma dzenje pogwiritsa ntchito anapangidwa kuchokera chisakanizo cha konkire ndi nkhuni zodulidwa. Iwo anaika poika popanda kugwiritsa ntchito njira youma. Mmodzi vuto kwina mtundu wa unit kuti nkhuni poyera kuti chinyontho ndi tizilombo.

Malinga zopangidwa midadada konkire kawirikawiri ntchito kutchinjiriza penoplex pa ntchito yomanga nyumba yatsopano ndi kukonza yaikulu kapena chimateteza midadada konkire. Block makoma m'nyumba olekanitsidwa ndi m'nyumba.

Foamed mapepala okhwima ndi formwork okhazikika

Okhwima kutchinjiriza mapanelo angagwiritsidwe ntchito mumakhala pafupifupi gawo lirilonse la nyumba, ndi denga pansi mpaka ku maziko. Kutchinjiriza "Penoplex" kapena mapepala ena okhwima kupereka zabwino kutentha kukana, komanso kuchepetsa kutentha madutsidwe mbali structural. Mitundu yofala zipangizo ntchito mu mapangidwe mapanelo: kukodzedwa polystyrene, monga polystyrene, extruded polystyrene - "Penoplex", polyisocyanurates ndi polyurethanes.

Chimateteza mitundu structural (ICF), makamaka kupanga kwa nyumba pulasitala konkire, kupanga makoma ndi kukana mkulu kutentha.

kachitidwe ICF zigwirizana inakula mbale wapangidwa midadada chomwe chimadzaza kutchinjiriza luso, kapena mmagawo thovu. The mapanelo ali ananamizira pamodzi ndi mataye pulasitiki. Pamodzi ndi zinthu thovu ntchito zitsulo zolimba mipiringidzo, amene anawonjezera patsogolo konkire udzathiridwa. Pamene ntchito chithovu zingatipunthwitse ndi ndodo zitsulo mkati cavities kuti ya limbitse pakhoma.

Kutchinjiriza zambiri mosavuta tizilombo ndi pansi. Pofuna kupewa mavuto amenewa, anthu ena opanga tizilombo mankhwala thovu zotchinga ndi kukhazikitsa njira kumatira. Bwino kwabasi dongosolo ICF kapena kutchinjiriza (ndemanga ndi chimodzi), thandizo la akatswiri odziwa.

ICF ogula amanena kuti:

• Kutchinjiriza umaonetsa apamwamba kutentha ndi kumatira.
• kovuta kukhazikitsa dongosolo amenewa paokha.
• Iwo amagwira ntchito mwangwiro kwa zaka zingapo.

mitundu lotayirira heaters

kutchinjiriza lotayirira tichipeza particles chabwino cha CHIKWANGWANI, thovu kapena zipangizo zina. misa Izi ndipamene zinthu zimene timazipeza mu malo aliwonse popanda kusokoneza kapangidwe kapena akumaliza. Luso limeneli kutenga njira iliyonse wamakono m'madera palibe kuthekera kukhazikitsa mitundu chikhalidwe kutchinjiriza, kupanga abwino chochuluka kutchinjiriza, mtengo ndi otsika. Zipangizo ambiri wa mtundu uwu ndi mapadi, galasi CHIKWANGWANI ndi mchere CHIKWANGWANI. Iwo pogwiritsa ntchito zinyalala zobwezerezedwanso. The zamkati opangidwa kuchokera pa pepala zobwezerezedwanso. Fiberglass anachita pa 20-30% ya galasi zobwezerezedwanso. Maminolo kutchinjiriza "Technonikol" Nthawi zambiri 75% zipangizo positi-mafakitale. Ena kutchinjiriza zochepa wamba monga mikanda polystyrene, perlite ndi vermiculite. kutchinjiriza lotayirira akhoza kuikidwa cavities chatsekedwa kapena attics. Mapadi, fiberglass, mchere ubweya, zambiri zimafunika anakumana assemblers aluso amene adzapereka kachulukidwe moyenera komanso mkulu R mtengo. Polystyrene mikanda, perlite ndi vermiculite ambiri anatsanulira.

zopinga infuraredi ndi chimawala

Ambiri kutchinjiriza dongosolo chimatsutsana conductive ndi convective kutentha kamwazi. Best kutchinjiriza mitundu zopinga infuraredi. Amaonetsa kutentha chowala. kutchinjiriza Izi waikidwa mothandizidwa ndi akatswiri.

zopinga Sangalalani ntchito m'nyumba, nthawi zambiri attics. Choyamba, kuti kuchepetsa kutentha phindu m'chilimwe ndi kuchepetsa yozizira ndalama. kutchinjiriza chimawala zikuphatikizapo zopinga infuraredi aluminiyamu zojambulazo kukhala reflectivity mkulu.

kachitidwe komanso zosiyanasiyana magawo mu mawonekedwe a kraft pepala, pulasitiki filimu kapena pellets, zikatoni, ndi zina kutchinjiriza.

cheza infuraredi akudutsa mu mzere molunjika kuchokera ndege iliyonse ndi likamatenthetsa pamwamba olimba zimene zimatenga mphamvu. Pamene dzuwa likamatenthetsa denga - amachitila mphamvu chowala. Zambiri kutenthaku "amayenda" kupyoza denga ndi chapamwamba, ndipo denga ikuchitika ndege.

Denga usavutike zinthu limatulutsa mphamvu analankhulanso kwa chapamwamba padziko ozizira, kuphatikizapo ducts mpweya ndi denga mbewu.

IR chotchinga kumachepetsa chowala kutentha kutengerapo kuchokera padenga pamwamba m'munsi ena - mu chapamwamba lapansi. Kukhala aluso, dongosolo ayenera lidzasanduka airspace lapansi.

Infuraredi chotchinga - ndi chotenthetsera, makhalidwe amene angachititse kuti zikhale zosavuta m'madera otentha, makamaka pamene yozizira ducts mpweya ili mu chapamwamba lapansi. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti zopinga chowala akhoza kuchepetsa ndalama kuzirala 5% 10% pamene ntchito nyengo dzuwa. Yafupika kutentha phindu. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa ndalama mpweya. Mu nyengo yozizira, amakonda kukhala yosafuna kukhazikitsa yopulumutsa kutchinjiriza.

Okhwima kutchinjiriza CHIKWANGWANI

CHIKWANGWANI kutchinjiriza tichipeza fiberglass kapena mchere ubweya, mwala ndi slag ndipo ntchito makamaka kwa ducts chitetezo nyumba. , zinthu zovuta kupanga luso. Koma mchere ubweya kutchinjiriza "Technonikol" waika wapadera katundu ndi ovuta kuphatikiza mankhwala limodzi. Makamaka ngati pali kufunika kwa zinthu zomwe angathe kupirira kutentha. Unsembe zambiri ankazichita ndi akatswiri pa mpweya ndi mpweya ducts pa pamalo lakunja. Ngati insulator uncoated, unsembe ntchito zolimba lathunthu la simenti, ndi madzi sangalowe chinsalu utomoni wonunkhira. makulidwe osiyanasiyana kufunika matenthedwe kutchinjiriza R mtengo. Mbale zakonzedwa kuti matabwa pakati pa iwo osindikizidwa ndi kufinya tcheru tepi kapena fiberglass ndi utomoni wonunkhira.

Thovu ndi atomizers madzi insulators

Phula thovu ndi sprayed kapena anatsanulira mu malo. Ena zipangizo mwina kawiri R mtengo kuposa ochiritsira. Thovu kutchinjiriza malinga amadzadza ngakhale cavities ochepa kukonza ogwira mpweya chotchinga. Masiku ano, ambiri a zinthuzi pogwiritsa ntchito thobvu wothandizira, amene si ntchito chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) kapena hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) - zoipa ozoni zinthu dziko lapansi. Mukhozanso madzi thovu kutchinjiriza wapangidwa ndi simenti, phenol, polyisocyanurate, polyurethane. Ena mwa mitundu zochepa wamba monga aysinin ndi terpolymer. Aysinin akhoza sprayed kapena anayambitsa, kupanga mosalekeza, ndipo alinso kukana zabwino malowedwe a mpweya ndi madzi. Terpolymer - thovu madzi sungunuka, amene jekeseni khoma patsekeke. Izi insulator wapadera ali kukana kwambiri kwa moto ndi malowedwe mpweya.

The madzi chimateteza thovu osakaniza ndi wothandizila thobvu umagwiritsidwa ntchito muli ang'onoang'ono kutsitsi lapansi. Thovu kutchinjiriza kwa mpanda ambiri anatsanulira mu malo opanikizika. Magulu onsewa kukuza ndi kuumitsa kusakaniza. Iwo agwirizane ndi mawonekedwe a M'mimbamo ndi Anadzaza ndi kusindikiza mosamala kwambiri. Pang'onopang'ono kuchiritsa thovu madzi komanso anapereka. Bukuli lakonzedwa kuyenda mozungulira mavuto patsogolo ndi solidification. Phula thovu akhoza adzakhetsedwa mwachindunji ku chidebe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri kwa mpanda M'mimbamo mu nyumba zogona.

ntchito erection

Unsembe wa mitundu yambiri ya madzi kutchinjiriza thovu amafuna zipangizo zina zapadera ndipo chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi okhazikitsa odziwa.

Pambuyo unsembe wa ikukhudzana zipangizo chotchinga thovu moto kulimbana ndi plasterboard. Komanso, zizindikiro nyumba sakuzindikira ndi mafunsidwe monga nthunzi chotchinga. Kotero kuti unsembe kuti kumafunika parozaschity zina.

Mitundu ina ya zipangizo kutchinjiriza akhoza wokwera pa awo, makamaka wodzigudubuza kapena thovu. Ena amafuna unsembe akatswiri.

• luso chofunika chimateteza midadada konkire, zomwe zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo popanda matope. A pamwamba kugwirizana kasinthidwe kapena yamanga zina.
• Chimateteza khoma midadada ntchito wabwino danga mkati, zomwe angathe yesezera firiji.
• Kuika khoma zidutswa za autoclaved lokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira konkire ndi autoclaved lokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira konkire amalenga 10 khola kutchinjiriza mtengo poyerekeza ochiritsira konkire.

Zolemba malire matenthedwe ntchito kapena R mtengo wa mitundu kutchinjiriza wa heaters, makhalidwe awo ndi ntchito kwambiri bwanji zofunika za unsembe makamaka.