Njinga yamoto PMZ-A-750: mbiri ya chilengedwe, kapangidwe, makhalidwe

PMZ-A-750 - woyamba mu Soviet Union njinga yamoto chachikulu chimene linakonzedwa mu 30s kuti Podolsky mawotchi mbewu. Yopangidwa mu Baibulo awiri, ndi ophimba pa. Mwakhama akubera asilikali chuma, mtchalitchi. Pa nthawi ino ndi yofunika kwambiri osungirako zinthu zakale ndi okhometsa payekha.

kamangidwe

Mu 30s oyambirira magalimoto Scientific Institute (NATI) wakhala anapempha kukhala njinga yamoto katundu ndi mphamvu 750 masentimita ^3, ndinazolowera msewuwo USSR ndi oyenera ntchito ndi stroller a. Pa chitukuko cha polojekiti Moscow anaitanidwa mlengi Mozharov Potr Vladimirovich, mlengi wa njinga zamoto woyamba IL.

Gulu Ntchito ankaona kale kapangidwe njira American kampani Harley-Davidson ndi German BMW, pocherpnuv njira zosiyanasiyana. thandizo lamtengo wapatali polenga PMZ-A-750 anali okonza wamng'ono Alexander Fedorov, Igor Okunev SERGEY Semashko, Boris Fitterman ndi ena. Fyodorov tira monga Mkulu wa akatswiri okonza za zomera Irbit. Okunev anakhala mlengi mkulu wa Moscow galimoto mbewu, ndiyeno AZLK mbewu galimoto. Fitterman anathandiza kukhazikitsa magalimoto ZIS.

Kuyambira lingaliro Kuzindikira

Lingaliro la injini akufuna ndi akatswiri Soviet, ofanana ndi "harleevskuyu", ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kufalitsidwa dongosolo kondomu inkakhala ndi dongosolo youma sump ndi awiri gawo mafuta mpope. Thanki mafuta wakhala akufuna kukonza okwana injini crankcase kuponyera. Mu batire njinga yamoto ntchito poyatsira, injini ali okonzeka ndi zida a.

chowundukura

Ntchito pa tsogolo PMZ-A-750 akuchita mwachangu kwambiri. Zojambula ndi kasupe 1932 kale kukonzekera natuma Izhevsk. Mu May 1933, ife anasonkhana 4 prototypes a njinga zamoto, wotchedwa NATI-A-750. August 20 chaka chomwecho, iwo anatengedwa kuti Moscow.

Poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo muyezo mu njinga yamoto mayeso anali wosalira chimango yomanga ndi mipando kumbuyo. Kumanzere kwa kutsogolo mphanda ili chizindikiro wailesi, amene kenako kunditumiza ku gudumu. The kusintha kosangalatsa ndalezo ndi zowalamulira ngo ili kumanzere, monga njinga zamoto American nyengo. Komanso kalembedwe American mwachita mpando wa dalaivala: mpando kwambiri, anapereka kwambiri galimotolo kumbuyo. Masitepe kuchotsedwa zotsogola, kutsogolo ndi mawilo kumbuyo zili ndi kuima retractable.

kupanga

Kutukula Ankayembekezera za kukhazikitsidwa kwa kuŵeta, koma zomera Izhevsk sanali koma mokwanira okonzeka kuti tilimbane ndi mankhwala zovuta. Mu 1935, Commissariat of zolembedwa luso m'manja panopa Podolsk mawotchi mbewu, ndi Russian nthambi ya kampani "woimba". Pa fakitale kwa kupanga makina osokera tili antchito 11 000 ndipo panali zinthu zabwino kwa kupanga udindo.

Woyamba kupanga njinga yamoto PMZ-750 anatsika khamu mzere mu 1935, basi mu nthawi tsiku chidwi - 1 May. Pamene kupanga pa July 25, anapita Commissar of makampani katundu Ordzhonikidze, antchito ake fakitale anasonyeza kuti mayunitsi naini a njinga zamoto.

makhalidwe luso

Njinga yamoto PMZ-A-750 ali ndi makhalidwe awa:

• yamphamvu anayi sitiroko injini, kuzirala - mpweya. Ntchito buku - 747 ^cm3.
• Mphamvu - malita 15. a. (11 kW) pa 3600 Rev / min.
• Chiwerengero cha magiya - 3 (chiŵerengero 3,045-1,58-1,00).
• Kufala - unyolo 5 / 8x3 / 8 ".
• tayala kukula - 4,50h19 ".
• Wheelbase - 1395 mm.
• Kutalika kwa dongosolo - 1050 mm.
• Utali - 2085 mm.
• Chilolezo Road - 112 mm.
• Total kulemera - 225 makilogalamu.
• Mphamvu - 115 makilogalamu.
• mphamvu mafuta - malita 21.
• Liwiro (pazipita) - 105 Km / h (popanda sidecar).
• mafuta (otsika) - 6 malita.

Reviews

Motorcyclists ambiguously imawunikidwa makina PMR-750. Ena kutamandidwa chimango kapangidwe ndi mosavuta zigawo, pamene ena amakhulupirira chipangizo si woganiza kwambiri. Mu njira zambiri, utumiki njinga yamoto osiyana zitsanzo zina, amene anayambitsanso zovuta zina ndi zina.

Mawotchi gearbox inali pamwamba pa galimoto za m'mene kusinthitsa ndi imagwiridwa ndi chokhethemulira wapadera ndi kumanzere njinga yamoto lapansi. Lumikiza anali a mitundu iwiri: kapena awiri wishbone ndi ngo kumanzere kapena ndalezo pa mahandulo kumanzere. Nthawi yotentha chofunika pafupipafupi m'malo mafuta mu dongosolo kondomu - lililonse 1000 Km. njinga kolowera n'kovuta ndipo nthawi wonyeketsa.

Schebler Carburetor zopangidwa nthawi zambiri analenga mavuto poyambitsa injini. Amafuna kugwirizana yeniyeni ya malo mulingo woyenera wa damper mpweya, poyatsira (kumanzere cha zigwiriro) ndi kutsegula kwa vavu fulumizitsa (kumanja kwa ziongolero). Motorcyclists mwanthabwala unscrambled acronym PMZ monga "kuyesera kuti ine." Pakali pano, kapangidwe anali wotsogola, ambiri maganizo chidwi ankagwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo wotsatira. Okwana oposa 4,600 mayunitsi asonkhanitsa.

PMZ-750 zinkagwira ntchito mu mabungwe a boma ndi asilikali, ndipo anagulitsidwa kwa anthu ena pankhaniyo. Makamaka amtengo njinga yamoto ndi sidecar a. Price kuti chiyambi cha 1938 analipo 7760 rubles, ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo zina zikuluzikulu. Mwachitsanzo, Iz-7 sizigulitsidwa 3,300 rubles, "Red October" L-300 kunaganiziridwa kuti 3360 rubles.