Njira insulin: Action aligorivimu, mbali ndi ayamikira

Insulin - pancreatic timadzi kuti nthawi zimam'patsa kagayidwe ndondomeko mu thupi. Ndi kusowa magazi misinkhu shuga nyamuka, imbaenda chikhalidwe nthenda yoopsa. Mwamwayi, anthu amakono a shuga si chiweruzo. Kuchuluka kwa insulin ukulamulidwa mwa jekeseni wapadera. Njira yaikulu ya wodwala matenda a shuga Ine ndi II mtundu zina. mlingo mawerengedwe amapangidwa munthu mmodzi wodwala aliyense, koma njira insulin jekeseni zili chomwechi Wonse ndi kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

N'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera jekeseni?

Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kapamba akuyamba ntchito bwino. Nthawi zambiri zimenezi zimachititsa kutsitsa timadzi insulin, womwe kumabweretsa zoopsa wa chimbudzi ndi kuwombola njira. thupi sadzatha kulandira mphamvu kuchokera mowa chakudya ndi mavuto kuchokera owonjezera shuga kuti, mmalo moti chosakanikirana ndi maselo, amasonkhana magazi. Mu chochitika cha chotero boma kapamba alandira chizindikiro synthesizing insulin. Koma chifukwa cha thupi la ntchito kuyan'anila timadzi adzamasulidwa zedi ting'onoting'ono. Ulili worsens, ndipo chiwerengero cha insulin yake, azungu amamuchititsa ziro.

Kuti athetse vutoli n'chotheka popereka maselo wa timadzi analogue. Therapy ndi anapitiriza moyo. odwala matenda ashuga kangapo tsiku amachita jekeseni. Nkofunika kuchita nawo yake, kuti kupewa zinthu yovuta. Insulin limakupatsani kulamulira mlingo wa shuga m'magazi ndi kukhalabe kapamba ndi ziwalo zina pa mlingo woyenera.

malamulo General anthu jakisoni

Njira insulin - chinthu choyamba amaphunzitsa odwala pamene anapezeka ndi matenda a shuga. Ndondomeko wosalira zambiri koma amafuna zofunika ndi luntha kwa ndondomekoyi. Chofunika ndi kusunga malamulo a aseptic ndi antiseptic, T. E. Sterility wa ndondomeko. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kukumbukira zotsatirazi malangizo muyezo ukhondo:

• m`manja pamaso pa ndondomeko tiyenera kutsukidwa;
• zone jekeseni ndi kuwapukuta woyera ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza kapena antiseptic;
• jekeseni ntchito yapadera syringes disposable ndi masingano.

Pa nthawi imeneyi, muyenera kudziwa kuti kumwa mowa wawononga insulin. Mankhwalawa khungu wothandizila uyu ayenera kuyembekezera evaporation yake, kenako ndondomeko chiyambi.

Childs, insulin chikuyendetsedwera mkati mphindi 30 asanayambe kudya. dokotala, zochokera makhalidwe anatumizidwa kwa timadzi kupanga ndi mmene wodwalayo, kupereka malangizo pa mlingo munthu mankhwala. Kawirikawiri mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala ntchito masana: mfulu yochepa kapena kukapitirira. Njira insulin ndi osiyana penapake.

Kodi kuika kuwombera?

jekeseni aliyense kumafuna malo ena amene akulimbikitsidwa makhalidwe ake aluso ndi wotetezeka. Jakisoni insulin sangathe amati ndi mu mnofu kapena intradermal makonzedwe kutayipa. Thunthu yogwira adzaperekedwa mu subcutaneous mafuta minofu. Pambuyo kukhudzana ndi insulin mu minofu zotsatira zake ndi sizimadziwika ndi chopweteka kutengeka pa jekeseni wa. Choncho, jakisoni sangathe adzaikidwa kulikonse: sizikuthandiza ntchito kuti mmene kuvutika alili.

Njira insulin zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi ziwalo:

• zapambuyo chapamwamba ntchafu;
• m'mimba (malo ozungulira Mchombo wa);
• matako akunja crease;
• phewa.

Mu wololera jekeseni wa mipando womasuka kwambiri ndi ntchafu ndi pamimba. mabacteria awiriwa tinapangidwa mtundu zosiyanasiyana za insulin. Olimbikitsidwa kumasulidwa jakisoni ali makamaka anaika mu ntchafu ndi kusala - mu Mchombo kapena paphewa.

N'chifukwa chiyani tikutero? Akatswiri amanena kuti mu ntchafu subcutaneous mafuta ndi makutu kunja kwa matako ndi mayamwidwe pang'onopang'ono. Basi zomwe muyenera kwa insulin yaitali wotenga. Tikawonetsetsa pafupifupi yomweyo yokonza maselo thunthu thupi kutumikiridwa mu m'mimba ndi mapewa.

Kodi ndi bwino kuti achotse malo jekeseni?

Ayenera kutsatira kuchotsa malangizo okhudza jekeseni kusankha kumunda. Iwo kokha malo pamwambapa. Ndipo ngati wodwalayo amachita jakisoni awo, ndi bwino kusankha kutsogolo ntchafu ndi wothandizila yaitali wotenga komanso m'mimba - chifukwa ultrashort ndi waufupi wotenga analogues insulin. Ichi ndi chifukwa oyamba a mankhwala mapewa kapena matako kungakhale kovuta. Kawirikawiri wodwala osati paokha kupanga khola la khungu m'madera amenewa kulowa subcutaneous wosanjikiza mafuta. Chifukwa, mankhwala molakwika jekeseni minofu minofu, zomwe si kusintha ashuga a.

Pewani lipodystrophy mbali (m'madera chosowacho subcutaneous mafuta) ndi abwerere ku malo a jekeseni yapita pafupifupi 2 cm. The jekeseni ndi kutumikiridwa mu khungu chofuna kapena tinachiritsidwa. Pofuna kuthetsa izi malo akumane kwa ndondomeko, onetsetsani kuti anakonza zone jekeseni alibe redness, induration, mabala, mikwingwirima, zizindikiro za kuwonongeka mawotchi khungu.

Kodi kusintha malo a jekeseni?

Ambiri insulin amadalira odwala matenda ashuga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti tsiku lililonse ali kuchita jakisoni angapo mankhwala kupeza bwino. Choncho jakisoni zone ayenera amasinthasintha: Njira ndi insulin. Aligorivimu mayendedwe zikuphatikizapo zochitika zitatu:

1. Kuchititsa jekeseni pafupi malo a jekeseni yapita, kwawo kwa iye 2 cm.
2. Kupatukana poyamba m'magulu 4. Pa sabata, ntchito imodzi mwa iwo, pite ku yotsatira. Ichi chizathandiza khungu m'madera ena mpumulo, ndipo adzachira. Ku malo jekeseni mu chiwerengero chomwecho kuti tikhale mtunda wa masentimita angapo.
3. Gawani anasankha dera theka, ndi kuwaza alternately mu aliyense wa iwo.

Njira subcutaneous insulin amalola kupulumutsa mankhwala yogwira mu thupi pa mtengo wolakalakika. Chifukwa cha ichi, kutsata kusankha malo zonse. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mankhwala ndi mtima yaitali wotenga unayamba mu chiuno, kumbuyo ndiponso ayenera kupitiriza. Apo ayi, mlingo wa mayamwidwe insulin adzakhala osiyana, umene mapeto kusinthasintha mu shuga.

Mawerengedwe a mlingo wa akuluakulu

Kusankha insulin - zimatenga mwangwiro payekha. Kuchuluka tsiku analimbikitsa ndi mayunitsi mankhwala anakhudzidwa ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo thupi ndi "mkulu" wa matenda. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti, ambiri, kufunika tsiku la wodwala ndi shuga kwa insulin zosakwana 1 wagawo pa makilogalamu 1 thupi lake. Ngati pakhomo izi kuposa, zosokonezeka kukhala.

Chilinganizo wamkulu kuwerengetsa insulin mlingo uli motere:

D _D × M, kumene:

• D _D - tsiku mlingo;
• M - Unyinji wa thupi la wodwalayo.

Malinga ku kachitidwe, ndi mawerengedwe a njira insulin makonzedwe amadalira mtengo wa kufunika thupi kwa insulin ndi wodwala thupi. Chizindikiro choyamba anatsimikiza zochokera kukula kwa matenda, m'badwo wa wodwalayo ndi "kutalika" a shuga.

Tikapeza kunja mlingo tsiku, kupanga mawerengedwe. amalipiritsa kamodzi, mukhoza kulowetsa matenda ashuga osapitirira 40 mayunitsi, ndipo masana - mu osiyanasiyana mayunitsi 70-80.

Chitsanzo cha kuwerengetsa mlingo wa insulin

Kuganiza ashuga kulemera ndi 85 makilogalamu, ndi D _D ndi 0,8 U / kg. Kuchita kuwerengetsera: 85 × 0.8 = 68 mayunitsi. Izi kuchuluka okwana insulin zofunika pa tsiku la wodwalayo. Kuwerengetsa mlingo wa mankhwala yaitali wotenga, nambala chifukwa anagawa ndi ziwiri: 68 ÷ 2 = 34 mayunitsi. Mlingo analigawa pakati m'mawa ndi jekeseni madzulo mu chiŵerengero cha 2 1. Pankhaniyi, kutembenukira 22 IU ndi 12 IU.

Mu "masiku 'ndi insulin mayunitsi 34 (kwa 68 DSA). kufalitsa pa jekeseni 3 zotsatizana musanadye, malingana ndi kuchuluka anafuna wa zimam'patsa wambiri kapena mbali wogawanika, kupatsa 40% m'mawa ndi 30% pa nkhomaliro ndi madzulo. Pankhaniyi, ashuga atchule ED 14 asanayambe kudya ndi 10 mayunitsi pamaso chakudya chamadzulo.

machenjerero ena zitheka ndi insulin, imene yaitali wotenga insulin ndi zambiri "lalifupi". Mawerengedwe a Mlingo ayenera Mulimonsemo kuti anthu amapereka mwa muyeso wa shuga ndi kuyang'aniridwa pafupi mosangalala.

Mawerengedwe a mlingo ana

thupi mwana amafunika insulin kuposa akulu. Ichi ndi chifukwa kukula kwambiri ndi chitukuko. Mu zaka zoyambirira pambuyo matenda a matenda pa kilogalamu wa mwana thupi pafupifupi mayunitsi 0.5-0.6. Patapita zaka 5, mlingo nthawi kuchuluka kwa 1 U / kg. Ndipo ichi si malire: mu unyamata thupi angachite kuti 1.5-2 U / kg. Kenako, phindu amachepetsa 1 IU. Mnthawi yaitali decompensation shuga kufunika ka insulin kuchuluka kwa 3 IU / kg. mtengo pang'ono ndi pang'ono yafupika, zikubweretsa gwero.

Ndi zaka, ndipo amasintha chiŵerengero cha yaitali ndi waufupi timadzi kanthu: ana osaposa zaka 5 chikugwiritsidwa kuchuluka kwa zofikira mankhwala, kwa unyamata ndi kwambiri yafupika. Ambiri, insulin jekeseni njira ana si wosiyana chitsanzo jekeseni wamkulu. Kusiyana kokha mu Mlingo tsiku ndi wagawo ndi mtundu wa singano.

Kodi kupanga kuwombera ntchito insulin syringe?

Malinga mawonekedwe a matenda ashuga kukonzekera ntchito syringes wapadera kapena cholembera. Zonenepa insulin syringes pano lonse magawano, mtengo umene akulu ayenera kukhala wolingana 1 IU, ndi ana - 0,5 mayunitsi. Pamaso pokha muyenera kuchita mndandanda wa njira yotsatana kuti amafuna njira insulin. The aligorivimu ntchito insulin syringe ndi:

1. Antiseptic dzanja pakani, kukonzekera syringe ndi chisiyeni mu mlengalenga awonetse nambala anakonza mayunitsi.
2. Singano mu nsupa ya insulin ndi kumasula mu mlengalenga. Kenako lembani ndi syringe a mankhwala pang'ono kuposa kutero.
3. Dinani syringe kuchotsa thovu. Insulin kumasulidwa owonjezera kumbuyo mu nsupa ya.
4. Jekeseni malo chabe, misozi ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza kapena antiseptic. Kupanga crease (osati wofunikila masingano lalifupi). Amaika singano m'tsinde mwa khola khungu pa ngodya kapena 45⁰ 90⁰ pamwamba khungu. Popanda kumasuka khola, kulikankhira plunger mpaka kumapeto.
5. Pambuyo masekondi 10-15 khola kumasulidwa, kuchotsa singano.

Ngati ndi kotheka, kuphatikiza NPH-insulin mankhwala kupeza pa mfundo yomweyi ya mbale osiyana, Pre kuvomera mpweya aliyense wa iwo. Njira insulin ana kanthu aligorivimu adzatenge zofanana.

Jekeseni ntchito cholembera

mankhwala Current zonse shuga zambiri kubala cholembera wapadera. Iwo disposable kapena reusable ndi masingano replaceable ndi mlingo wosiyana wa gulu lomwelo. Njira subcutaneous insulin kanthu ikukhudza aligorivimu zotsatirazi:

• ngati yoyenera Kusakaniza insulin (kupindika mu m'manja kapena dzanja m'munsi ndi syringe ndi kutalika phewa pansi);
• 1-2 IU kutulutsidwa mu mlengalenga kutsimikizira patency la singano;
• kupotoza wodzigudubuza kumapeto kwa syringe, kuti anapereka mlingo chofunika;
• kupanga crease ndi kupanga kuwombera ofanana njira ya jekeseni insulin syringe;
• pambuyo makonzedwe mankhwala ndipo dikirani masekondi 10 kuchotsa singano;
• kapu kutseka izo, ndi kuponya mpukutu (masingano);
• kutseka cholembera.

ntchito zofanana zimagwiridwa kwa jekeseni kwa ana.

Shuga - chikhalidwe aakulu amene amafuna polojekiti zonse misinkhu shuga magazi ndi kulamulira ndi jekeseni wa insulin. Njira jekeseni yosavuta mosavuta aliyense: chinthu chachikulu - kumbukirani malo utsogoleli. Ulamuliro zofunika - kulowa mafuta subcutaneous kupanga pa khola khungu. Dziwitsani singano pa makona a 45⁰ kapena perpendicular pamwamba ndi kulikankhira plunger. Ndondomeko wosalira ndipo mofulumira kuposa kuwerenga malangizo ntchito zake.