Peltier (mfundo) momwe mungachitire nokha?

Element Peltier nthawi zambiri amatchedwa converter, yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito pa kusiyana kwa kutentha. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa magetsi kupyolera mwa otsogolera kudzera mwa omvera. Pachifukwa ichi, mbale yapadera imaperekedwa mmwamba. Kutentha kuchokera kumbali imodzi kumapita kumalo ena.

Mpaka lero, makinawa akufunika kwambiri chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, zipangizo zingadzitamandire. Makina opangira mafilimu ambiri amaikidwa slabenkie. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti kutentha kumathamanga mwamsanga. Chotsatira chake, kutentha komwe kumafunidwa kumakhala kosalekeza.

The element alibe ziwalo zosuntha. Zipangizozi zimagwira ntchito mosavuta, ndipo izi ndizopindulitsa. Komanso ziyenera kunenedwa kuti zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo nthawi zowonongeka ndizochepa kwambiri. Mtundu wosavuta umakhala ndi oyendetsa zamkuwa ndi oyanjana ndi ma waya. Kuphatikizanso apo, pali chofufumitsa pambali yozizira. Kaŵirikaŵiri amapangidwa ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali.

Nchifukwa chiyani tikusowa zinthu za Peltier?

Zinthu zamtengo wapatali zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga firiji. Kawirikawiri ife tikukamba za mafakitale omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito, mwachitsanzo, ndi oyendetsa galimoto pamsewu. Komabe, malo ogwiritsira ntchito mapulogalamu samatha. Posachedwapa, zida za Peltier zakhala zikuwongolera, komanso zipangizo zamakono. Kumeneko amatha kuchita ntchito za ozizira.

Chotsatira chake, kuzizira kwa amplifier wa chipangizochi kumachitika popanda phokoso. Kwa compressors portable, zinthu Peltier ndi zofunika kwambiri. Ponena za mafakitale asayansi, asayansi akugwiritsa ntchito zipangizozi kuti aziziziritsa laser. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, n'zotheka kukwaniritsa zowonjezereka za mawonekedwe ophunzirira kuchokera ku diode yowala.

Zoipa za Peltier zitsanzo

Zikuwoneka kuti chipangizo chosavuta komanso chogwiritsira ntchitochi n'chopanda ungwiro, koma chilipo. Choyamba, akatswiri nthawi yomweyo adazindikira mphamvu yaing'ono ya kuwonongeka kwa gawoli. Izi zikutanthauza kuti munthuyo adzakhala ndi mavuto ngati akufuna kupuntha chipangizochi, chomwe chikugwira ntchito pa intaneti ya 400-V. Pachifukwa ichi, phala lapadera la dielectric lidzakuthandizani kuthetsa vutoli. Komabe, kuwonongeka kwa zamakono kudzakhalabe kotalika ndipo kuyambanso kwa Peltier gawo kungalepheretse.

Kuwonjezera apo, zitsanzozi sizilangizidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera zamagetsi. Popeza kuti mapangidwe a chipangizocho ali ndi zitsulo, zowonongeka zimatha kuphwanya. Chotsatira chotsiriza cha chinthu cha Peltier chikhoza kutchedwa coefficient yachangu. Kuti tipeze kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha, zipangizozi sizingatheke.

Controller Module

Kupanga gawo la Peltier kuti likhale loyang'anira ndi losavuta. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukonzekera mbale zitsulo ziwiri, komanso wiring ndi ojambula. Choyamba, otsogolera akukonzekera kukonza, zomwe zidzakhala pansi. Kawirikawiri amagula ndi chizindikiro "PP".

Kuphatikiza pa kuyendetsa bwino kwa kutentha kwapadera, semiconductors pa zotsatira ziyenera kuperekedwa. Iwo ndi ofunikira kuti apereke mwamsanga kutentha pamwamba. Kuyika zinthu zonse, gwiritsani ntchito chitsulo chosungunula. Kuti mutsirize chigawo cha Peltier ndi manja anu, mawaya awiri omaliza akugwirizanitsidwa. Yoyamba imakwera pansi pansi ndipo imakhazikitsidwa pa woyendetsa kunja. Kuyanjana ndi mbaleyo kuyenera kupeŵedwa.

Kenaka, waya wachiwiri amamangirizidwa kumtunda. Kukonzekera kumapangidwanso ku chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Pofuna kuyesa ntchito ya chipangizochi, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tester. Kwa ichi, mawaya awiri ayenera kugwirizana ndi chipangizocho. Chotsatira chake, kupotoka kwa magetsi kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 23 V. Pachikhalidwe ichi, zimadalira mphamvu ya wolamulira.

Firiji ndi thermistor

Kodi mungapange bwanji chinthu cha Peltier ndi manja anu pa firiji ndi thermistor? Poyankha funsoli, nkofunika kuzindikira kuti mbale zake zimasankhidwa kuchokera ku keramiki okha. Pa nthawi yomweyi, makina pafupifupi 20 amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi ndi zofunika kuti dothi lakutentha likhale lapamwamba. Kuonjezera bwino ndi 70%. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuwerengera mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito chipangizochi.

Izi zikhoza kuchitika malinga ndi mphamvu ya zipangizo. Firiji pa freon zamadzimadzi mu nkhaniyi ndi yabwino. Moyenera pulotenti ya Peltier imayikidwa pafupi ndi evaporator, yomwe ili pafupi ndi magalimoto. Kuti muyike muyenera kukhala ndi zida zoyenera, komanso gaskets. Iwo ndi ofunikira kuti ateteze chitsanzo kuchokera pachiyambi chololedwa. Choncho, kuzizira pansi pa chipangizochi kudzachitika mofulumira kwambiri.

Pofuna kutengera kusiyana kwa kutentha (Peltier effect) ndi manja awo, otsogolera angafunike zidutswa 16. Chinthu chachikulu pa nthawi imodzi ndikutsekanitsa okha waya omwe angagwirizane ndi compressor. Pofuna kuchita chilichonse choyenera, muyenera choyamba kuchotsa chimbudzi cha firiji. Pambuyo pa izi ndizotheka kugwirizanitsa anthu onse. Pambuyo pomaliza kukonza, malire a voltage ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi tester. Ngati ntchito ya elementyo yathyoka poyamba, chipinda chimatha. Nthaŵi zina, dera lalifupi limapezeka .

Chitsanzo cha firiji 15 V

Firiji ya Peltier imapangidwa ndi manja ndi njira yochepa . Ma modules ali pafupi kwambiri ndi ma radiator. Pofuna kuwakonza moyenera, akatswiri amagwiritsa ntchito ngodya. Chofunikacho sichiyenera kudalira fyuluta, ndipo ichi chiyenera kuwerengedwa.

Kuti mutsirize gawo la Peltier la thermoelectric ndi manja anu, mbale yapansi imasankhidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chosapanga kanthu. Otsogolera, monga lamulo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba "ПР20". Kusenza iwo amatha kulimbana kwambiri ndi 3 A. Kuchuluka kwa kutaya kwa kutentha kumatha kufika madigiri khumi. Pachifukwa ichi, mphamvuyi ingakhale 75%.

Zinthu zamtengo wapatali m'firiji 24 V

Pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cha Peltier, firiji ikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera kwa oyendetsa ndi kusindikizidwa bwino. Pachifukwa ichi, ayenera kuponyedwa mu mizere itatu kuti azizizira. Machitidwe omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito panopa ayenera kusungidwa pa 4A.Ukhoza kuwunika pogwiritsa ntchito tester ochiritsira.

Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito mbale za ceramic zazomwe zimapangidwira, ndiye kuti kutaya kutentha kumatha kufika pa madigiri 15. Ma waya a condenser amaikidwa pokhapokha atayikidwa. Mukhoza kulumikiza ku khoma lamakono m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Chinthu chachikulu muzochitikazi si kugwiritsa ntchito guluu, lomwe limagwira kutentha kuposa madigiri 30.

Peltier gawo la magalimoto ozizira

Kuti apange firiji yapamwamba yamagalimoto ndi manja awo, Peltier (modula) amasankhidwa ndi mbale, yomwe yaikulu si 1.1 mm. Ma waya amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwirizana ndi mtundu wina. Komanso, oyendetsa zamkuwa amafunika kugwira ntchito. Zokwanira zawo zikhale 4A.

Choncho, kutalika kwa kutentha kwa madigiri kudzafika madigiri 10, izi zikuwoneka ngati zachilendo. Otsogolera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi "PR20". Aposachedwapa adziwonetsa okhazikika. Ayeneranso oyanjana osiyanasiyana. Chitsulo chosungunulira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza chipangizo kwa condenser. Kukonzekera kwabwino kumatheka kokha pamtanda wobwezeretsa. Kusiyana kwa nkhaniyi sikudzakhala kochepa.

Kodi mungatani kuti mupange madzi ozizira ozizira?

Peltier module (element) ndi manja ake amapangidwa kuti azizizira kwambiri. Masamba a izo ndi ofunika kusankha ma ceramic okha. Otsogolera mu chipangizochi amagwiritsa ntchito osachepera 12. Motero, kukana kudzasungidwa pamwamba. Kugwirizana kwa zinthuzo kumapangidwa ndi soldering. Payenera kukhala mawaya awiri okhudzana ndi chipangizocho. The element ali pamtunda wa ozizira. Pankhaniyi, ikhoza kugwirizana ndi chivundikiro cha chipangizocho. Pofuna kuthetsa maulendo afupipafupi, ma wiring onse ndi ofunika kukonza grille kapena casing.

Ophatikiza

Module "Peltier" (chigawo) ndi manja awo amapangidwa kuti apange mpweya wabwino ndi otsogolera a "class" PR12. Amasankhidwa ku bizinesiyi makamaka chifukwa ali otsika kutentha. Mtengo wapamwambawu ukhoza kupanga magetsi a 23 V. Kuyerekeza kwazitsulo kudzakhala pa mlingo wa 3 ohms. Dontho la kutentha limadutsa madigiri 10, ndipo bwino ndi 65 peresenti. Mutha kuyika maofesi pakati pa mapepala okha mumzere umodzi.

Kupanga jenereta

Kuti mupange jenereta pogwiritsa ntchito Peltier module (element), mukhoza kuchita nokha. Kuchita kwa chipangizochi kudzawuka ndi 10%. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chozizira kwambiri. Mtengo waukulu wa chipangizocho umasungidwa pa 30 A. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa otsogolera, kukana kungakhale 4 ohms. Kusiyana kwa kutentha mu dongosolo ndi pafupifupi madigiri 13. Njirayo imamangirizidwa mwachindunji ku rotor. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani choyamba pakati pa shaft. Nthawi zambiri, stator sichimasokoneza. Pofuna kutsimikiza kuti mpweya wothamanga sutenthedwa kuchokera ku inductor, timagwiritsa ntchito mbale za ceramic.

Kusangalatsa kanema kanema pamakompyuta

Kuti muwongole khadi la kanema, konzekerani osachepera 14 oyendetsa. Ndi bwino kusankha mitundu yamkuwa. Kuwongolera kwa kutentha kwa madzi mkati mwawo ndipamwamba kwambiri. Kuti ugwirizanitse chipangizo ku bolodi, ma waya osagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Sungani chitsanzocho pafupi ndi khadi la kanema lozizira. Kulikonza, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ngodya zazing'ono.

Kuti mukonzeke mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono. Kuwoneka kwa phokoso lokwanira pa ntchito likusonyeza kuti chipangizochi sichigwira ntchito bwino. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuyang'ana umphumphu wa wiring. Ayeneranso kuyendera otsogolera.

Peltier chigawo cha mpweya

Kuti mukhale ndi chikhalidwe cha Peltier ndi manja anu omwe mumapanga mpweya wabwino, mbaleyi imagwiritsa ntchito maulendo awiri. Kuchuluka kwazomwekuyenera kuyenera kukhala osachepera 1 mm. Pankhaniyi, munthu akhoza kuyembekezera kutaya kutentha kwa madigiri 15. Kuchita kwa ma air conditioners pambuyo poyendetsa modules kumawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 20%. Zambiri mwa izi zimadalira kutentha kwa chilengedwe. Kukhazikika kwa mavoti ogwiritsira ntchito mabokosi kumafunikanso kuganiziridwa. Chifukwa cha kusokoneza kwazing'ono, chipangizocho chikuwonekera pa katundu wa pafupifupi 4 A.

Akamapanga opaleshoni, sayenera kuikidwa pafupi kwambiri. Kuti mutsirize bwino ma modules a Peltier ndi manja anu, oyanjana ndi ochotsera oyenera ayenera kuikidwa pa imodzi mwa mbale ziwirizo. Pankhaniyi, chipangizochi chidzakhala chophweka kwambiri. Cholakwika chachikulu muzochitikazi ndi kulumikiza gawo limodzi mwachindunji ku unit. Izi zidzatsogolera kuwonongeka kosapeŵeka kwa chinthucho.

Kuyika gawoli pa capacitor

Kuyika gawo la Peltier ndi manja anu, ndikofunikira kulingalira mphamvu ya capac capacitor. Ngati sichidutsa 20 V, chofunikacho chiyenera kupangidwa ndi otsogolera omwe ali ndi "PR30" kapena "PR26". Pokonza Peltier module (element) ndi manja anu pa condenser, gwiritsani ntchito ngodya zazing'ono.

Ndi bwino kuika iwo anai kumbali iliyonse. Pogwira ntchito, cap capacitor, potsiriza, yatha kuwonjezera 10%. Ngati tilankhula za kutayika kwa kutentha, ndiye kuti sizing'onozing'ono. Mpaka wochuluka wa chipangizocho ndi pafupifupi 80%. Kwa mkulu-voltage capacitors, modules sizinawerengedwe. Pachifukwa ichi, ngakhale ambiri otsogolera sangathandize.