Peregrine Mbalame: kufotokoza ndi zithunzi

Mbalame kabawi kufala yonse kupatula Antarctica. Kukula kwa izo ndi khwangwala imvi, koma pali zokwanira anthu lalikulu. Tiganizire moposera kuposa kudziwika zinyama nthenga.

Peregrine: kufotokoza

Iwo amakhala ndi kuiwaliratu-imvi mdima zikuuluka pa misana yawo, wowala zokongola mimba. The kumtunda kwa mutu wakuda. Okwana pali 17 subspecies wa mbalame. Iwo zosiyanasiyana kukula ndi mtundu mbali. Liwiro Peregrine Chimphamba pachimake pa 322 Km / h. Komabe, mu gulu yopingasa, iye chivomereza Swifts. Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ali mphungu. Peregrine Chimphamba limabweretsa banja lina. Kukhwima kugonana kukufika zaka 2. Okwatirana apitiriza moyo. Kukaikira mazira peregrine mipita pamwamba pa zitunda, miyala ovuta, mu nthawi zina - pa mwala nyumba (ledges ndi madenga a mkulu-nyamuka nyumba, milatho, belu nsanja, ndi zina zotero) ndi tokhala pa Moss bogs.

kusaka

Peregrine Chimphamba - nyama kuti apeze anthu amene akhudzidwa ndi mapulani kumwamba kapena pansi pa nsomba ndi. Pamene detects nsembe, iye limatuluka pamwamba ndi imadumphira m'madzimo uku ikukupiza pansi. peregrine kabawi ndege ndi moti kupanga alibe nthawi kuthawa. Pamene iye awagwira ndi woberedwa, akumenya miyendo yake tangential apangidwe, mbamuikha kwa thupi. Mbalame kabawi kotero swipes agwire talons kuti ngakhale mutu akhoza kuswa masewera chachikulu. Chilombo amapha, kawirikawiri pa starlings, abakha, nkhunda. anthu amene ali makamaka sing'anga-kakulidwe madzi mbalame kapena mitundu waterfowl. Kawirikawiri nyama yake ndi nyama zing'onozing'ono.

anthu

Mbalame kabawi ali lero ankaona mitundu osowa. Pakutha pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, anthu ake kale yaing'ono kuyamba kuchepa zikuchepa. Ichi chinali chifukwa cha mlili wa ntchito chuma DDT ndi mankhwala ena kuti bwanji pa chitukuko yoopsa. Makamaka kuyambira mu 1940 mpaka m'ma 1960 anthu kwathunthu mbisoweka mu kum'mawa United States, ndi Kumadzulo anatsika ndi 80-90%. The vuto lomwelo unkachitika ku dera European Western. Pa lalikulu anasiya kukhazikika pa malo malo. Pofika chaka cha 1970, chifukwa chakuti ntchito mankhwala inaletsedwa, komanso chiyambi cha mapulogalamu zachilengedwe, chiwerengero cha mbalame wakhala pang'onopang'ono limzake. Izi mitundu kutchulidwa mu Red Book wa Russian Federation ngati yaing'ono kukula ndipo ali mu gulu lachiwiri lija. Kumapeto yatchula padziko lonse loletsa kugulitsa mbalame izi.

mbali kunja

Peregrine Chimphamba mbalame imatengedwa lalikulu. thupi lake lili kutalika 34-50 cm. Chithunzi cha mapiko ake ukufika 80-120 cm. Akazi kunja lalikulu kuposa amuna. Iwo angalemere pafupi 910-1500 magalamu. Amuna pafupifupi gawo limodzi la iwo ang'onoang'ono. kulemera - 440-750 magalamu. dimorphism kugonana si anasonyeza mtundu. Zosiyana amati F. p. madens (osowa subtype), mmene amuna ndi akazi amaoneka mofanana. Mu mbalame ambiri kukula kwa thupi mphamvu zokwanira, lomwe ndi zina zolusa yogwira. Ali ndi chifuwa yotakata ndi minofu otchuka ndi zovuta, zala amphamvu, misomali amene zikuchepa ndichotse. The mulomo yochepa, yokhota kumapeto chikwakwa. Akuluakulu, pa kumtunda kwa thupi pali samveka mdima mikwingwirima yopingasa. Malekezero a peregrine kabawi wakuda mapiko. Pamimba ndi zambiri kuwala. Malinga m'deralo, zingakhale pinki, imvi ndi woyera, ocher kapena utoto wakuda ndi woonda speckles bulauni yopingasa. Iwo ali pano pa flanks ndi undertail. Milozo kuti ali pa chifuwa, ali mawonekedwe a madontho. Mchira ndi lopapatiza yaitali, pa mapeto a pamapindikira a. Mutu pamwamba gawo ndi nthenga ngodya pakati pa mulomo ndi pakhosi wakuda. A mmunsi mwa pakhosi ndi kudzikonda - yowala - utoto kapena zoyera. Peregrine kabawi maso oumbidwa ndi lalikulu, woderapo. Amacheza ndi mphete wa khungu adachitira umboni. Miyendo ndipo mulomo ndi wakuda, cere - wachikasu. Kumapeto kwa chapamwamba mandible zili mano. Iwo peregrine nyama uyo khosi. Internal pini miyendo ali wamfupi kusiyana lakunja ndi pakati - yaitali fupa. Juveniles amasiyana lililonse limatisokoneza zikuuluka. The kumtunda kwa matupi awo ndi ocher bulauni m'mbali mwa chophimba, ndi pamwamba - kuwala. Cere ali ndi bluish-imvi kulocha. Miyendo mbalame chikasu.

mawu

Creek peregrine zosiyanasiyana. Pofuna kukopa tcheru ndi kulankhula amabala phokoso lakuthwa "keeek-keeek-keeek" kapena "Kyaka-Kyaka-Kyaka". Ndi nkhawa vocalization waukali ndiponso kudya. Iye vocalizes "m'mphepete-m'mphepete-m'mphepete". M'nyengo mating mwamuna ndi mkazi angathe kulankhula disyllabic phokoso "uu-Chip." Onse a nthawi, iwo amakhala chete.

m'dera

Peregrine kabawi, monga ulamuliro, kuyesa kusankha malo kuwerengedwa anthu. Iye wakonda kuti akhale nyanjayi miyala ya matupi osiyana madzi (mkati ndi kunja). Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha mbalame anati mu mapiri, ku zigwa za mitsinje. Mu malo awa, zinthu kuswana mulingo woyenera kwambiri. Mu mapiri peregrine zambiri likhazikika pa miyala. Mu dera la nkhalango angapezeke pamodzi ndi ovuta la mitsinje, la pa lalikulu bogs Moss kapena pamwamba pa mitengo, kumene ali zisa zakale za mbalame zina. Ziribe kanthu zomwe dera izo amasankha Peregrine ndi pafupi pali malo madambo aakulu. Malo mtengo osachepera 10 sq. m. The Peregrine Chimphamba akuyesera kuti chisa m'madera nkhuni mdima olimba, komanso lalikulu m'madera sanali mitengo. Nthawi zina (kawirikawiri zisakuyenda) monga malo okhala adzasankhe midzi, kuphatikizapo lalikulu. Mwachitsanzo, anapezeka kuti tights pachilumba mu Moscow Peregrine anakhala chaka chilichonse nthawi kuchokera 1927 mpaka mu 1941-TH, ndipo kenako mu 1963. Mu mzinda wakonza zisa pa madenga a nyumba zitalizitali, mipingo ndi nyumba zina. 2008, Anapeza kuti mmodzi awiri mbalame kukaikira mazira mbali yaikulu yomanga Moscow State University.

njira ya moyo

Iye makamaka amangokhala. Nthawi zina, pa nyengo yozizira, anasamukira pang'ono. Anafika kukhwima, amuna n'kotheka, yesani kukhala pafupi malo kukaikira mazira mu chaka. Mu nyengo subarctic ndi kozizira peregrine zimapangitsa migrations nyengo pa mtunda wautali. Malinga ndi kuyang'anila ndi ornithologists, mbalame, kukaikira mazira mu Greenland m'nyengo yozizira angafikire madera a kum'mwera kwa Africa South America. Mu Russia, ndi peregrine kabawi zisa osati m'madera steppe of Western Siberia ndi dera Volga. Iwo Tingaone kumeneko pa nyengo kusamuka.

mphamvu Features

Peregrine Chimphamba adya chabe ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe mbalame: mpheta, abakha, starlings, thrushes ndi ena. Ambiri, si khalidwe la ubwenzi mitundu ina. amadya zimasiyanasiyana, malingana kupezeka, lomwe ndi khalidwe za dera linalake. Komanso mbalame, kupanga ake nthawi zina nyama zing'onozing'ono, monga akalulu ndi agologolo, mileme. Komanso wakudya tizilombo ndi achule. Titafika pamalo (Siberia) Peregrine zonse kukasaka voles, agologolo pansi, lemmings. Nthawi zina, iwo amapanga chachitatu cha zakudya zake. Ntchito kwambiri peregrine amachita ku m'mawa ndi madzulo. M'zigawo advantageously anamvetsetsa pa gulu. Kawirikawiri kusaka mbalame awiriawiri, kutsika kwa wozunzidwayo nayenso.

Limatchula za chiwembucho

Atazindikira nyama, peregrine kabawi mofulumira kwambiri ndi kwambiri Akufalikira. Ndiye izo makutu ake mapiko pafupifupi ufulu ngodya pansi zikuchepa pansi. Amayamba yakuyipsa wovulalayo yoteroyo wamba. Kuyambira Kuphwanya mutu zavuta ntchentche kapena anang'amba mimba kupanga. Ngati silamphamvu, ndi peregrine Wamaliza nsembe, inamuluma khosi. Ndi nyama izo limatuluka pa phiri, kumene amadya. Mosiyana ndi adani, peregrine kabawi masamba mutu wonse ndi mapiko ndipo zina, mapazi a wovulalayo.

Pomaliza

Monga zinanenedwa pamwamba, kabawi peregrine wakhala ankaona osowa mbalame, ngakhale kuti bwino ndinazolowera zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana nyengo ndi malo. Pakali pano ndi anthu wonse amakhalabe khola. M'madera ena, komabe pali kusinthasintha yaing'ono zambiri kapena mofulumira chonse cha malo mitundu. Kuopsa kwa chitukuko ndi kusamalira anthu peregrine kabawi pa mlingo khola, kupatula mankhwala, ndi kupikisana ndi chiwombankhanga saker. Komanso, zinthu zoipa: kupanda malo oyenera kukaikira mazira, poaching, kusintha chikhalidwe malo. Ena nkhawa kuyambitsa zolusa zakutchire kuti kuwononga zisa. Izi makamaka monga martens, nkhandwe, akadzidzi. Peregrine chiwombankhanga bwino m'madera ili pafupi ndi anthu azikhalamo. Komabe, amaika chidwi munthu, angakhale nayo nkhawa.