Transrectal ultrasound ya prostate: kufotokoza, kukonzekera ndi ndondomeko

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, chiŵerengero cha khansa ya ziwalo za m'mimba chimakula mofulumira. Izi zimangobwera osati kokha kuti zowonongeka zimachitika nthawi zambiri kuposa kale. Choyamba, chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa matendawa ndiko kupititsa patsogolo njira zochizira. Tsopano pafupifupi munthu aliyense wazaka zapakati pa 50 nthawi ndi nthawi amayesa mayeso kuti apeze khansa. Kuonjezerapo, ngati akudziwidwa kuti ali ndi matenda otere, zizindikiro zapamwamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira imodzi ndi transrectal ultrasound. Amaperekedwa kwa amuna ndi akazi omwe akukayikira za njira zowonongeka ndi zotupa m'mimba. Poyerekeza ndi mimba yotchedwa ultrasound, njirayi imayesedwa yodalirika, chifukwa mphamvu yachithupi imayandikira kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuyesa ziwalo.

Kodi transrectal ultrasound ndi chiyani?

Njirayi imachokera kuchitidwe cha ultrasound. Monga momwe tikudziwira, njira imeneyi imagwiritsira ntchito njira zosalowera. Mafunde a ultrasound amatha kuganizira za matupi a thupi la munthu, komanso kudutsa mwa iwo. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) sizimasiyana ndi njira yogwirira ntchito kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya phunzirolo. Kusiyana kokha ndiko kuti sensa imayikidwa mu rectum, ndipo siikwera pamwamba pa mimba.

Chifukwa chakuti minofu yonse imakhala yosiyana-siyana, dokotala akhoza kuwona ziwalo zowonekera. Pamaso pa kusintha kwa kutupa kapena zisindikizo (maonekedwe), chitsanzo cha ultrasound chimasintha. Izi ndizo, kuchuluka kwa chiwalo kapena malo ake ndi chosiyana ndi chizoloŵezi. Zonse zachinyengo ndi zokhudzana ndi kuganiza zimasonyeza kukhalapo kwa chiwalo, kutanthauza kusintha kwa thupi.

TRUS imachitidwa kuti iwonetseredwe ka prostate gland, rectum, Douglas malo, chikhodzodzo. Ziwalo zonsezi zimawonetsedwa pazitsulo ndi mitundu ina ya ultrasound (m'mimba, mwa amayi - transvaginal). Komabe, pamene injini imayikidwa mu rectum, kuyang'ana kumakhala bwino, chifukwa chochepetsera mtunda pakati pa chida ndi ziphuphu.

Zisonyezo za transrectal ultrasound ya prostate

Mankhwala otchedwa prostreal ultrasound a prostate gland ndi njira yodalirika yopezera matenda a prostate. Imeneyi ndi njira yabwino yofufuzira, makamaka ngati pali kukayikira za njira zowonongeka. Komabe, kusankhidwa kwa TRUS sikukutanthauza kuti pali khansa. Choncho, musawopsyeze ndipo muthamangiretu mwamsanga. Ndibwino kudziwa kuti pamimba pamimba, mafunde akuwombera amatha kutuluka m'matumba osiyanasiyana (khungu, mafuta, minofu). Pambuyo pake izo zimagwera pa prostate gland. Choncho, matendawa ndi ovuta, makamaka ngati wodwalayo ali olemera kwambiri. Transrectal ultrasound ya prostate imalola kangapo kuchepetsa mtunda kuchokera ku sensa kupita ku bungwe lofufuza. Ndipotu, zofiira za prostate ndi rectum. Zizindikiro za TRUS ndizo zotsatirazi:

1. Matenda a prostate a prostate. Matendawa ndi ofala kwambiri mwa amuna akuluakulu. Malingana ndi ziwerengero, prostate adenoma imapezeka pafupifupi aliyense wachiwiri wa chigonjetso cholimba pambuyo pa zaka 50.
2. Khansa ya prostate. Ngati mukuganiza kuti ndi khansara, TRUS ndiyo njira yodziŵira. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti pansi pa ulamuliro wa ultrasound , limba limatulutsidwa. Choncho, dokotala amayesa chithunzi cha ultrasound ndipo amachita zojambulazo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimatengera ziwalo (zofiira) kuchokera ku foci.
3. Kukonzekera kochita opaleshoni pa prostate.
4. Kusabereka kwa amuna. Kawirikawiri kusowa kwa manyowa kumapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto lopweteka kwambiri - prostatitis.

Mankhwala otchedwa prostreal ultrasound a prostate gland amachitidwa ngati wodwalayo akudandaula ndi ululu m'mimba komanso kumalo amodzi, kupereka kwa anus. Phunziroli likuchitidwa pamene mukukonzekera ndi kutsegulira, kusowa mphamvu kuli kovuta.

Zisonyezo za transrectal ultrasound mwa akazi

Transrectal ultrasound mwa amayi ndi ocheperapo kusiyana ndi amuna. Kawirikawiri njira imeneyi imapangidwira ndi kukayikira za matenda a chilengedwe. Kuwonjezera apo, TRUZI imachita ngati pali kuthekera kwa kutupa mu malo a Douglas, ziphuphu, ndi zina zotero. Monga momwe zimadziwira, mapangidwe a pelvis mwa amai ndi abambo ndi osiyana. Chifukwa chakuti kufufuza kwa chiberekero ndi mapulogalamu amapezeka mobwerezabwereza, nthawi zambiri, transvaginal ultrasound akulimbikitsidwa . Komabe, nthawi zina, kuyang'ana kwa ziwalo kudzera mu rectum kumapereka zambiri zokhudzana ndi matendawa.

Chizindikiro cha transrectal ultrasound mwa akazi ndi kuphunzira za malo a Douglas. Ndi thumba la peritoneum yomwe ili pakati pa rectum ndi chiberekero. Choncho, TRUS imakulolani kuti muone ngati mthupi lanu lili ndi zizindikiro zotani komanso kuti ziwalo zoberekera zikhale zochepa. Ikuchitika pansi pazifukwa izi:

1. Kuwopsya kwa abscess ya malo a Douglas. Kawirikawiri njira yotupa imeneyi ndi zotsatira za mavuto a appendicitis ndi peritonitis.
2. Matenda a chilengedwe a chiberekero, kachilomboka.
3. Chimodzimodzinso cha metastases mu minofu yowoneka bwino. Zimapezeka ndi zotupa m'mimba.
4. Kutupa kochita mu rectum.
5. Nthenda yotchedwa Benop neoplasm pa khoma lachiberekero la chiberekero.

Onse mwa amayi ndi abambo TRUZI amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufufuza momwe ziwalo za thupi zimagwirira ntchito. Komabe, kawirikawiri, amafufuzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chamagetsi.

Kuzindikira matenda a chikhodzodzo cha mkodzo ndi njira TRUSY

Kuwonjezera pa ziwalo zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, chikhodzodzo chili mu khola laling'ono. Ili patsogolo pa rectum. Akazi ali ndi chiberekero. Choncho, transrectal ultrasound ya chikhodzodzo nthawi zambiri imachitidwa kwa amuna. Zimapangidwa ndi kukayikira za ziphuphu, zooneka bwino komanso zotupa. Kwa amayi, chikhodzodzo cha mkodzo chimapangidwa ngati pali njira yothandizira pang'onopang'ono kapena kulemera kwambiri. Njira yomweyi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuti isasokoneze mtunduwu mwa kuika selo m'mimba.

Contraindications kuti transrectal ultrasound

Nthawi zina, transrectal ultrasound sichivomerezedwa. Kusagwirizana kosagwirizana ndi njira imeneyi yozindikiritsira ndizomwe zimachitika ndi anus. Ndilo vuto loyamba la chitukuko, momwe mulibe anus. Zomwe zimakhala zovuta zowonjezera zimapezeka mu masiku oyambirira a moyo. Zotsutsana zina ndi zosiyana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakufunika kofufuzira kafukufuku. Komabe, ndibwino kuti muzisinthe ndi njira zina zothandizira. Zotsutsana zotsutsana zikuphatikizapo:

1. Ming'alu yatsopano mu rectum. Ndili ndi matendawa, zoletsedwa zili zoletsedwa. Komabe, patatha chithandizo cha chisokonezo (mpumulo wa vuto lalikulu), TRUZI n'zotheka.
2. Kukhalapo kwa zotupa zotupa kunja ndi mkatikati mwa rectum. Pachifukwa ichi, chithunzithunzi chowongolera chithunzithunzi cha ultrasound sichisonyezedwe chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha matenda opweteka.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni pa rectum, kochitidwa posakhalitsa kusankhidwa kwa phunzirolo. Izi zikuphatikizapo njira iliyonse yopaleshoni: kutsegula ndi kukhetsa minofu yambiri, kayendedwe kachinyengo, ndi zina zotero.

Transrectal ultrasound: kukonzekera phunziro

Mofanana ndi kafukufuku wowonjezera, TRUSY amafunika kukonzekera. Kuti muwone bwino maonekedwe a ziwalo, ziwalozi ziyenera kutsukidwa kale. Pachifukwa ichi, maola angapo musanayambe ndondomekoyi, muyenera kumwa mankhwala ofewa mankhwala ofewa mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi kapena kupanga enema. Ngati zizindikiro za phunziroli ndi matenda a rectum, m'pofunika kuchotsa ku zakudya zokoma zokoma, carbonated ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Asanayambe kukhazikitsa prostate TRUS, chakudya choyambirira sikofunika. Ngati nkhani yafukufuku ndi chikhodzodzo, iyenera kudzazidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, musanayambe njira yothandizira, wodwala ayenera kumwa madzi okwanira 1-2 malita.

Njira zamakono

Transrectal ultrasound ikuchitika m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kuti awonetse prostate bwino, wodwalayo akuperekedwa kuti azigona kumanzere kwake. Mapazi ake ayenera kugwada pa maondo ndi kugwedeza mpaka m'mimba. Zojambula zotchedwa ultrasound za m'mimba mwa amayi nthawi zambiri zimachitidwa pa mpando wodzitetezera (kapena amayi). Mofananamo, chikhodzodzo chikuyesedwa. Nthaŵi zina, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mwayi wokweza mawondo a mawondo. Kawirikawiri - ngati mukukayikira kuti matendawa amatha.

Musanayambe khungu la ultrasound mumtsinje wa anal, imayambitsidwa ndi mafuta odzola kapena mafuta odzola. Pambuyo pake, chipangizocho chimaphatikizidwa mu lumen ya m'mimba mwa kuya kwa masentimita 6 (6 cm). Mtsinje wa anal, sphincters, ndi bungwe amayendera. Kenaka, prostate ndi masinic vesicles amafufuzidwa. Mwa amayi atatha kufufuza kwa rectum, chigoba chotsatira cha chiberekero ndi malo a Douglas amawonetsedwa, ndiye chikhodzodzo. Zotsatira zonse zalembedwa pazenera. Pambuyo pake, chipangizochi chikuchotsedwa mosamalitsa ku rectum.

Ubwino wa transrectal ultrasound

Ubwino wa TRUS ndi:

1. Kulibe vuto la mazira.
2. Osapweteka.
3. Kusamala.
4. Kuwoneka bwino kwa ziwalo za m'mimba. Mfundo zam'mwamba za ultrasound, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzera mu rectum, zimatheka chifukwa cha pafupi ndi prostate ndi kusapezeka kwa minofu yambiri, yomwe imapezeka mu khomo la m'mimba.

Zotsatira za transrectal ultrasound

Chifukwa cha njira ya TRUSI, n'zotheka kudziwa matenda opangidwa ndi ziwalo za m'mimba, kuphatikizapo metastases ku minofu yowoneka bwino. Kuonjezerapo, kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi kufufuza kuyesa kukula, makulidwe ndi malo a prostate, chikhodzodzo. Njira zotupa ndi maonekedwe zikuwonetsedwa pazitsulo ngati malo osokoneza bongo. Chithunzi cha chithunzi cha ultrasound chimachitidwa ndi dokotala wa matenda opatsirana, urologist, amayi amadzi.