Vyshnevolotskaya mosungiramo, Tver chigawo: history, maonekedwe, zosangalatsa, nsomba

Anthu ambiri amayenda padziko lonse pofunafuna paradaiso zina ndi yosangalala. Anthu ena amakonda kwabasi nyanja. Wina kunyengerera chofewa chili pamwamba paphiri nsonga. Ndipo munthu amakonda lonyowa nkhalango zowirira.

dziko lathu lili ambiri wokondeka ndi zabwino malo kupuma iliyonse kukoma, bajeti ndi zokonda. Umodzi wa midzi izi mtendere wa kumutsimikizira ndi Vyshnevolotskaya mosungiramo ulemerero wokongola ndipo limaonetseratu dziko la nyama ndi zomera, chidwi kwabasi zokongola, komanso womasuka komanso yokongola zovuta mtundu uliwonse wa holide.

Ali Vyshnevolotskaya mosungiramo? ndi chidwi ndi mbali iti? Kodi banja lonse ndi nsomba zabwino yopuma? Ngati mukufuna kudziwa mayankho a mafunso awa - ndiye nkhaniyi kwa inu!

Location posungira

Mosungiramo - ndi chongopeka anamanga dziwe aumbike mwa zigwa za mitsinje chifukwa dongosolo madzi chifukwa chopulumutsa madzi kuti ntchito mopitirira mu chuma.

Pakuti kukafika kumadzulo ya ku Russia pafupi Tver dera, waukulu madzi mtsempha wamagazi amene anthu amawaona kuti Volga umodzi wa mitsinje yaikulu kwambiri mu dziko ndi Alevi Europe. m'dera komanso amakonda zikomo kutchuka makhalidwe ake hydrographic. Pa m'gawo lake kufalitsidwa ku mitsinje yambiri, nyanja ndi malo. Imodzi mwa malo awa - Vyshnevolotskaya ali Vyshnevolotsk malo zigwa Cna mitsinje ndi Shlino. Vyshnevolotsky District, yomwe ili m'malire a mitsinje ya Baltic ndi ya Caspian, kuyambira nthawi yakale anali wotchuka chifukwa cha chuma chake wa madzi ndi malo lotseguka. Umodzi wa midzi wake wokongola kwambiri ndi wokongola ndipo Vyshnevolotskaya posungira. Kupeza ulemerero izi wowoneka wa mpingo wa dera?

Momwe kuona

Pa 119 Km kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Tver, tauni yaing'ono yomwe ili Vishny Volochek, ndi anthu a anthu forte-eyiti zikwi ndi zomangamanga wabwino. Kumadzulo kwa mzinda ndipo ndi mgodi wa chidwi.

Kuchikwaniritsa zosavuta kwambiri. Popeza Vishny Volochek ili pa 297 Km misewu feduro "Russia" (njira Moscow - St. Petersburg), misewu ndi wotakataka ndi yabwino. Komanso mzindawu ali ndi pasiteshoni ya sitima, amenenso eases njira kwa onse amene akufuna kukaona dziwe wotchuka.

Kokani kuti posungira kungakhale mayendedwe anu, kapena ku mzinda. Ngati mumakonda kuyenda njira yachiwiri, n'zotheka pabasi ndi kalembedwe chiwerengero: 3, 5.4, 15, 6, maulendo kuti kudali pafupi malo ambiri dziwe.

dera midzi Vyshnevolotsk mosungiramo Tver satanthauza yekha Vyshny Volochek. Pa padoko ndi zochokera m'midzi yaikuluikulu monga m'mudzi Krasnomaysky, mudzi Kasharovo, mudzi Rvenitsa, Ermakoko, Yazviha, Nikiforov ndi ena. Monga mmene taonera, mosungiramo si kuthengo, kapena malo achipululu kwambiri, ngati mutapeza ndatayika, akumeneko osangalala kuwalozera inu njira.

Zokonda zofunika zazikulu

Dziwe ndi imodzi mwa malo yaikulu ya chigawo Tver. M'litali akafika makilomita khumi ndi m'lifupi pazipita - naini, kotero m'dera limene mukukhala beseni madzi, chidwi kwambiri ndi wochititsa - zana ndi zisanu ndi zitatu makilomita lalikulu.

ndi chakuya mosungiramo Vyshnevolotsk chiyani? Avereji mosungiramo mozama ndi za 3 meters, koma nthawi zina kufika mlingo pazipita 7 m. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti buku okwana madzi posungira ali kiyubiki mamita mazana atatu makumi awiri miliyoni, pamene mphamvu yosungirako ndi wofanana kiyubiki mamita mazana awiri ndi makumi awiri miliyoni.

Potchula miyeso nduna ndipo magawo a posungira, tiyenera kutchula akuchedwa ake gombe (51 km), kutalika pamwamba pa nyanja (163.5 m), malo a dziko anasefukira (31 lalikulu kilometre).

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Vyshnevolotskaya posungira ndi chimodzi m'dera Tver wa chidzalo ndi buku zofunikira.

A mbiri pang'ono

Komanso, thupi ili la madzi ali ndi chidwi ndi mbiri yotchuka, chiyambi cha yomwe ikuchitika kuyambira nthawi ya Peter I.

Mbiri ya Vyshnevolotsk mosungiramo moona chidwi. Iwo anayamba kutenga mawonekedwe kumbuyo m'zaka XVIII, mogwirizana ndi lingaliro la Petra Velikogo pa ntchito yokonza milingo yodutsira mu Russia. Ganizo la mfumu inatenga hydraulics wotchuka Wokhoma zombo, wamalonda ndi ntchito - Mihail Ivanovich Serdyukov, amadziwika zopereka zake kwambiri kuti pakhale dongosolo lonse madzi Vyshnevolodskoy.

Zonse zinayamba ngati ichi

Pa chiyambi cha 1700s, ndi Mikhail Ivanovich lendi dziko lalikulu padziko Vyshny Volochek, kumangira mbewu. Pakuti chamoyo bwino ogwira ntchito izo anamutengera ku kukhazikitsa njira kuti, chifukwa cha osadziwa ndi achinyamata, mwini, inamangidwa zoipa ndi ntchito intermittently. Pamene zaka zingapo kasupe madzi osefukira anali kuonongeka dongosolo sluice, kale ndi wamalonda anzeru ankangofuna kuletsa kukonza ake payekha. Popeza pachipata ndi yofunika dongosolo hayidiroliki kusuntha sitimayo wina mtsinje beseni ndi mzake, Serdyukov anaganiza panokha akaonekere kwa mfumu ndi maganizo konkire pa vuto lawo.

Vyshnevolotskiy njira akuimira yofunika njira malo mwa kundipatsako kwa St. Petersburg mu zakudya komanso zinthu zina kuchokera m'mayiko chapakati. Choncho, Petr Veliky otchedwa wamalonda yekha kudziŵana ndi maganizo ake ndipo anam'patsa ufulu boma kuchita Vyshnevolotskaya kutumiza.

Serdyukov Mihail Ivanovich anali akatswiri wabwino ndi Ngopambana. Mu diso lake maso, kuyang'aniridwa anzeru a njira inamangidwa, lomwe lili ndi zinthu kuposa wina wakale ndipo inamangidwa mosungiramo yokumba, makilomita asanu ndi dera lalikulu. The mosungiramo latsopano limene anapatsidwa mwayi wodzakhala kukhalabe mlingo kofunika madzi mu njira yonse, dzina lake anali pachiyambi - siriyo. Izi zinachitika mu 1741.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pomanga hydrotechnologies mosungiramo anagula kwambiri adani. Awa anali amonke mosatsata dziko lawo lalikulu, imene imagwiritsidwa ntchito nyumba zophatikizana madzi ndi coachmen mgwirizano, cabman anachotsedwa ntchito. Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, mfumu kulondera Serdyukov maphunziro yomanga. Mu 1774, zaka makumi awiri atamwalira wamalonda uja, Vyshnevolotskaya Madamu ndi ngalande anatitumiza kwa chuma cha boma.

Pafupifupi zaka mazana awiri pambuyo pake, mu 1950s oyambirira, yomanga kusunga Madamu anali ankamangidwanso.

Mtengo chikhalidwe cha posungira

Popeza mosungiramo ali mokwanira mkulu madzi mlingo, izo akuchita olimba nyengo ya otaya ndipo akutumikira ntchito yobweretsa m'dera madzi, komanso mphamvu, nsomba, mitengo rafting ndi zoyendera madzi.

Komanso, mosungiramo amapereka madzi tiwiri opangira magetsi siteshoni mphamvu, yomwe ili pafupi ndi izo.

Novo Tveretskaya opangira magetsi magetsi, inali pakati pa mosungiramo ndi mtsinje Tvertsa, unakhazikitsidwa mu 1947. Tsopano amapanga magetsi pa mlingo wa miliyoni 8,8 kW / h pa chaka. HPP yatenganso turbines awiri, kumwa madzi kiyubiki mamita makumi awiri pa mphindi.

Wina waung'ono hydro magetsi - New Tsninsky. Malowa ali pamtunda pa mtsinje Cna ndipo lapangidwa ntchito ukhondo wa madzi. Okonzeka ndi chopangira mphamvu ndi, opangira magetsi amathera anayi ndi inayi kiyubiki mamita wa madzi pa mphindi.

Ndipo tsopano, pamene ife mwachidule bwino mbiri ndi luso makhalidwe a posungira, tiyeni tikambirane za ntchito zokongoletsa.

Asodzi pa cholembedwa

Nsomba wolemera Vyshnevolotskaya mosungiramo? Nsomba kuno alidi chidwi ndi osiyanasiyana. Mu madzi mukhoza kupeza Pike ndi mlamba, nsomba ndi Pike-nsomba, bream ndi burbot, rudd ndi minnow.

Ndi bwino kuluma pa akutambasula pafupi midzi Zdeshevo, Pererva, Gradolyublya, Krasnomaysky ndi kuzungulira zilumba zambiri ndi mitsinje Shlino, Cheremnitsa, Cna.

Malinga maganizo anu komanso zokonda, mukhoza nsomba mu dziwe mu Kulumikizana, ndi kuwuluka nsomba, monga screwing ndi kupota, kaya nyengo ndi nthawi ya chaka.

yozizira nsomba

Popeza ayezi waikidwa pa mosungiramo kumayambiriro kwa November, ndi kale ayamba kusungunuka mu April, mu nthawi izi tikhoza kupanga ayezi nsomba. Wapakati makulidwe ayezi pa posungira - za theka mita, ndi pazipita wa - 120 masentimita Choncho, saopa kugwera madzi achisanu ozizira. M'madera ena, ayezi padziko posungira ndi kusinthidwa kuyenda galimoto. Komabe, pali lalikulu ayezi chisanu chivundikiro, amene angafikire mita m'litali.

M'nyengo yozizira, dziwe inu amatha kugwira nsomba, Pike ndipo bream, ndi nsomba zimatheka ndi angling ndi mbendera ndi zherlitsy. Kumene, muyenera kuika nsomba nyambo, komanso azigwiritsa ntchito bloodworm nyambo.

chirimwe nsomba

Chilimwe usodzi, ndithudi, kwambiri chidwi ndi osiyanasiyana. M'miyezi yotentha, mukhoza kukakwera ngalawa kuti ndi njira kwambiri waphindu ndi kothandiza. Monga nozzle ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito rye mkate ndi mphutsi.

Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyana - ndodo nsomba, kuwuluka nsomba, Bulu, jig, kupota ndipo ngakhale nyambo moyo. Dziwani kuti mungathe kugwira bream yolemera makilogalamu asanu!

Ngati inu aiwala kapena anataya zida ndi nyambo, ndiye mukufunika ndi kupezeka m'masitolo mzinda ndipo ngakhale pa okwerera sitima.

tchuthi zosiyanasiyana dziwe

Kodi n'zotheka kukhala ndi mpumulo wabwino pa posungira? Inde, ngati posungira ndi pang'ono atachuluka dziwe (zosaposa zisanu peresenti ya madzi atachuluka) ndipo madzi ake kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi phenols mwa malamulo kwa nsomba.

pa Vyshnevolotsk mosungiramo mpumulo oyenera mabanja onse mu chikondi, ndi apabanja ndi ana, monga okonda bata ndi alenje makampani phokoso.

mitunda waufulu, kuyeza akukuta mafunde, woyera, lonyowa mpweya - ndi ena za ubwino zosangalatsa pa dziwe.

Pa posungira pali zosiyanasiyana zosangalatsa (m'mudzi Zdeshevo, m'mudzi Rvenitsa, zisumbu madzi). Apa inu adzapatsidwa mitundu yonse ya zosangalatsa ndi osangalatsa - siketing'i pa zoyendera madzi ndi kupalasa njinga, nsomba ndi kanyenya, windsurfing, mphamba kukasambira ndipo wakeboarding, zitsulo ndi odyera, zachinsinsi, ndipo chakudya chokoma.

Mosungiramo magombe komanso bwino okonzeka ndi woyera. Iwo ali abwino sunbathe, kusambira ndi kusangalala basi chikhalidwe.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pansi pa mosungiramo mchenga ndi miyala, nthawi zina silted. Ngakhale padziko posungira ndi minda ziweto ndi makampani mafakitale ndi kumaliseche a zimbudzi ndiponso lopanda madzi mu dziwe si anachita.

M'dera madzi posungira

Pa gawo la posungira ang'ono kwabasi zilumba, kumene mukhoza kupeza yolimbikitsa panokha ndi tchuthi zotsitsimutsa.

Choyamba, ndi - Alekhine Relkom, Dergunov ndi Grand kutsinde. Mukhozanso kukaona Zhernovka, Klyuchino, Pine Horn, Kunin Relkom ndi ena, omwe ndi zida wapadera kwa zosangalatsa.

Sangalalani mlungu wanu!