Zamatsenga Nkhondo: Zizindikiro ndi Chithandizo

Pa kuli kuukira mwadzidzidzi nkhawa anthu aphunzira osati kale. Choncho, n'zosadabwitsa kuti ambiri sakudziwa zifukwa zimene mwina ndi mantha kuukira, komanso njira kulimbana izo.

Ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti zimenezi umamumvera 10% ya anthu, ndilo pa khumi!

Choncho m'pofunika kuganizira nkhani mwatsatanetsatane zimene tingachite kuukira maganizo, zizindikiro ndi kuchiza matenda. Pamene iwo amati, kuchenjezedwa njira forearmed.

ndi maganizo (mantha) kuukira Kodi

Chotero kodi sakudziwika mpaka posachedwapa matenda?

Psychological kuukira - ndi isanayambike mwadzidzidzi mantha kwambiri. Zimachitika mwadzidzidzi kwa munthu kusiyana kwambiri mofulumira ndipo mkati mphindi zochepa wafika pachimake. Pankhaniyi, kuukira zimenezi zingachitike masana osati usiku, ngakhale akagona.

Mphamvu ya zodabwitsazi zimadalira pa zinthu ozungulira munthu.

Place matenda a m'maganizo mu dziko lero

amantha kungakhale osati munthu wolemera, komanso kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda aakulu maganizo.

Mwauchidakwa kuukira maganizo akhala vuto lenileni la United States. Pakali pano, pali za miliyoni 60 Anthu (omwe ndi 20% ya anthu) amadwala zosiyanasiyana matenda mantha, ndi wina 3 miliyoni anthu (1.7% ya anthu) kamodzi pa moyo wawo anakumana ndi matenda maganizo m'njira kutchulidwa.

Nthawi zambiri ndi kumamwa kuukira maganizo zimakhudza anthu zaka 15-19, koma kwa iwo palibe amene sangayesedwe.

Zimayambitsa kuukira maganizo

Loss wa bwino maganizo ndi zingakubweretsereni matenda okhudza ubongo. The zifukwa kuti zimachitika, pangakhale zotsatirazi:

• nkhawa;
• kutopa;
• kukhalapo kwa matenda amaganizo ndi somatic;
• kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu yotithandiza malingaliro;
• mavuto ndi mavuto aakulu moyo.

Nthawi yoyamba kumachitika mu unyamata, woyembekezera, wangobereka kumene kapena pa nthawi ya kusintha kwa thupi. Izi kugwirizana ndi kusintha kwakukulu mu milingo mahomoni mu thupi.

Komanso, pangakhale zinthu mkati ndi chiwonetsero cha matenda. Zikuphatikizapo: ndi neuro-maganizo kapena thupi matenda, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, uchidakwa.

M'pofunika kumbukirani kuti matenda (kuukira maganizo) zimachokeradi popanda prerequisites zina mwa mawonekedwe a matenda. Kale zikamera kuukira zamatsenga amaonedwa chizindikiro cha dystonia mtima.

Zizindikiro za kuukira zamatsenga

Gogi mantha si umboni wokha wa matenda monga matenda a maganizo. Zizindikiro akhoza zosiyanasiyana. Koma pali muyezo winawake amene amapezeka, kudwala izi.

Choncho, ngati munthu ali kwenikweni zamatsenga kuukira, zizindikiro ingakhale monga iyi:

• kuchuluka thukuta;
• chinawonjezeka kugunda kwa mtima ndi kugunda kwa mtima;
• inagwedezeka, kuzizira;
• kupuma movutikira komanso lalifupi mpweya;
• kutsamwa;
• ululu m'mimba, kumene limodzi ndi nseru;
• kusapeza kapena ululu kumanzere kwa chifuwa;
• lightheadedness, chizungulire, unsteadiness;
• dzanzi ndi kumverera kwa "zikhomo ndi masingano" pakhungu;
• kusinthana kwa alternating kutentha ndi kuzizira;
• Tinganene kuti zonse zimachitika zonama;
• kuopa imfa;
• kuopa kupita openga kapena kanthu mwadzidzidzi.

Monga mukuonera, mawonetseredwe ambiri. Kuukira kuukira zamatsenga Chili zizindikiro zinayi tatchulazi. Mantha ichi, mantha ndi nkhawa musatisiye wodwala mkati mphindi 10.

Pambuyo zizindikiro kuukira zamatsenga mukhoza kupita mu gawo lina lotsatira, amene kumaonekera mwa mawonekedwe a matenda agoraphobic - kuopa kutuluka, kuyenda ndi mabasi ndi magalimoto. Motalikira nthawi ya chikhalidwe, m'pamenenso kuthekera maganizo, imene pali kuchepa kwa ntchito chikhalidwe anthu, kuchuluka kutopa, kufooka kwa kudya, pali matenda kugona ndi mavuto ndi moyo kugonana.

Kuchotsa kuukira zamatsenga kuukira popanda thandizo

Muyenera kukumbukira mwatsatanetsatane imodzi yofunika: mantha ndi nkhawa kuphunzira zochita. Choncho n'kofunika kuti kusochera pa nkhondo, ndi kudziwa pikhafuna iwo kucita nafe maganizo.

Njira ndi njira zopewera pali ambiri, koma mmodzi wa yabwino kwambiri kuchita amakhalabe njira kulamulira mpweya. Mfundo zake ndi lophweka - muyenera msanga kupuma kwa mpweya 4-5 mphindi. Pamafunika mpweya kwambiri (ngati nkotheka), ndiye angoti wanu ochepa masekondi ndi mpweya kwambiri. Ndi bwino kuchita ndi maso anu chitsekere kuona kayendedwe ka minofu ndi mapapo.

Patapita mpweya pang'ono mantha kuukira akuyamba abwerere ndipo posakhalitsa anabauka kwathunthu.

Matendawa kuukira maganizo

Ngati pali zizindikiro zinayi wa zamaganizo kuukira (cha zimene talankhulazi pamwamba) amafunika mwamsanga funsani dokotala kwa diagnostics mwatsatanetsatane.

Doctor mankhwala wodwala kutenga mayesero chofunika natuma kuchititsa electrocardiogram.

Ngati ndi kotheka, kungafune Kupenda zina ndi matenda okhudza ubongo, cardiologist, m'thupi yemwenso, pulmonologist.

Pambuyo chiphasochi onse ndi zotsatira za kufufuza payekha anasankha chithandizo choyenera kuukira maganizo. Iwo angathe kuchitidwa mu mtengo phwando mankhwala, misala kapena kutsirikidwa.

mankhwala a amantha

Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo kuukira maganizo ikuchitika ndi thandizo la mankhwala, monga iyi ndi njira zothandiza kwambiri ndiyotani pakuchotsa mtundu wa matenda.

The mankhwala ambiri imagwiridwa ndi asatayike monga:

• Asamakhale ndi nkhawa.
• Antidepressants.
• Neuroleptics.

Amafuna mankhwala gulu kapena njira ina iliyonse (mwachitsanzo, mmodzi wa antidepressant) pa nkhani iliyonse amasankhidwa payokha, malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha otaya ndi mtumiki zizindikiro maganizo kuukira.

Iwo umapita mankhwala zikuphatikizapo magawo awiri:

1. Kucotsa kuukira zamatsenga.
2. Kupewa kukonzanso zikamera kuukira ndi zizindikiro zake sekondale (maganizo ndi T. D.) Kenako.

Zamatsenga kuukira kunatha asamakhale ndi nkhawa ( "lorazepam" "ntchito diazepam" "clonazepam" "Ine" "Alprazolam" "Lorafen" ndipo T. D.), Amene ali kutumikiridwa m'nsinga kapena pakamwa atengedwa. kuukira ndi kwathunthu pambuyo 15-20 Mphindi pambuyo utsogoleli.

Njira imeneyi mankhwala ali drawback kwambiri: asamakhale ndi nkhawa kuti ena mankhwala koposa ndiponso angachititse thupi azolowere nthumwi zawo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, patapita kanthawi kulandira mankhwala Mlingo muyezo ikutha kubala mphamvu iliyonse kapena ngakhale kwambiri kuwasiya. Osasamba poika asamakhale ndi nkhawa angathe kukhala chifukwa cha kuukira latsopano zamatsenga.

Komanso, ndikofunika kudziwa kuti asamakhale ndi nkhawa kodi sikuchiritsa matendawa, koma mongoyembekezera chabe kuthetsa zizindikiro, kotero iwo akugwiritsidwa kokha wothandiza anthu, mankhwala waukulu zochizira matenda a m'maganizo.

Mankhwalawa waukulu amantha ikuchitika ntchito antidepressants, amene osati kuthandiza muchisiye maganizo, komanso kuthetsa nkhawa ndi mantha zopanda nzeru, akulandira thandizo matenda okhudza ubongo. The mankhwala zomwe zili zikuluzikulu zambiri zotchulidwa zochizira "Anafranil", "Zoloft", "Tsipraleks" ndi ena.

Antipsychotics, komanso kuti asamakhale ndi nkhawa, pa chithandizo kuukira maganizo akhale oimira wothandiza. Iwo yodziwika ndi zotsatira wofatsa pa thupi, koma nthawi yomweyo mwangwiro kuthetsa zizindikiro vegetative kuukira zamatsenga. Kungakhale mankhwala monga "Propazin" Etaperazin "," Sonapaks ".

Gawo lachiwiri la mankhwala kulimbitsa zotsatira analandira. Pa nthawi imeneyi mankhwala odana ntchito, zomwe zikuphatikizapo antidepressants tricyclic (TCA), monoamine oxidase zoletsa (MAOIs), kusankha serotonergic mankhwala (SSRIs).

TAJ Gulu lili ndi zotsatira antipanic, koma mmene akuyamba masabata pambuyo 2-3 pambuyo phwando woyamba, umene ndi drawback kwambiri. Komanso, TAJ gulu antidepressants angathe kuyambitsa zotsatira zoyipa monga pakamwa youma, kudzimbidwa, kunenepa kwambiri, ndi zina zotero D..

mankhwala kusankha serotonergic (SSRIs) ndi zotsatira ochepa mbali poyerekeza ndi chimake m'mbuyomu. Zotsatira Major mbali ya mankhwala: irritability, mantha ndi akuchuluka tulo mu masabata oyambirira 2 pambuyo chiyambi cha phwando. mwayi n'chakuti SSRI antidepressants angathe kumwedwa kamodzi kokha patsiku.

Limodzi ndi chithandizo cha kuukira zamatsenga chikuchitika ndi kuwonongedwa kwake syndromes sekondale, monga hypochondriasis, maganizo, agoraphobia.

Kuposa kuchiza kuukira maganizo ndi zimene Mlingo anatsimikiza mtima ndi dokotala pa paokhapaokha. Monga ulamuliro, woikidwa ndi mlingo kwambiri kochepa, kenako inachokera, pali matenda kuchepa kapena anapitiriza kusintha. Zonsezi ikuchitika kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala kapena china zochizira dokotala. Izo kutiletsa kuchita kudzipatsa medicate ndi asamakhale ndi nkhawa ndiponso antidepressants!

Ndi njira yoyenera mankhwala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo onse 90% milandu chikhululukiro kwa mantha.

Bwinobwino muchisiye matenda ntchito osiyanasiyana miyeso.

Chithandizo cha amantha mothandizidwa ndi misala

Pamodzi ndi mankhwala ndi misala nthawi yomweyo ikuchitika zinthu zimene amapitirizabe kwa nthawi yaitali kutha kwa mankhwala, amene amathandiza kuti anadutsa monsemo mnjira mosavuta.

Magawo dokotala akhoza kugawidwa mu mitundu iwiri: kwambiri ndi symptomatic mankhwala.

Mbali yoyamba, nkhondo imatengedwa ngati chizindikiro zamatsenga. Katswiri kumathandiza kumvetsa mmene kukhala mantha kuukira, momwe ntchito akhoza lizilamuliridwa paokha. Monga ulamuliro, mankhwala symptomatic kumatenga zosaposa miyezi itatu.

Mozama komanso amapereka chizindikiritso cha vutoli, zomwe zinachititsa kulanda akuwonekera. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha ntchito nthawi yaitali, amene angathe kutenga zaka. Dokotala amaphunzira dziko mumtima wa munthu, ubale wake yekha, zofuna unmet, ndi maganizo asanawonetseredwebe. Koma pamapeto pake, katswiri akutembenukira kwa kuthetsa osati zizindikiro za vuto, koma chifukwa lake lalikulu.

Zamaganizo kuphunzitsa odwala kuyang'ana mkati zofooka ndi kuganizira makhalidwe abwino. Only ndi chidaliro cha moyo ndiponso maganizo abwino amatha kuchotsa matenda ndi kuonetsetsa kuti iye sadzabwerera.

ntchito mwini ikuchitika pa mtima mwa kuukitsa kudzidalira, chifukwa amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu kukula kwa umunthu ndi maganizo a dziko lonse.

Yonseyi njira zachipatala ndi psychotherapeutic kumathandiza kufulumizitsa lipole, komanso kuphunzitsa njira yolondola ya kanthu pa m'tsogolo kuukira mantha.

Chithandizo cha amantha ndi kutsirikidwa

Chithandizo kuukira maganizo ndi kutsirikidwa ankachita azamisala. Zimene polimbana ndi matenda a m'zaka zaposachedwapa ndi ayamba wotchuka chifukwa nchito zake. Akamanena za mankhwala ndi losavuta: pa kugona zachinyengo wodwala umasamutsidwa ku zoikamo yoyenera, amene waukulu cholinga - ndiyotani pakuchotsa kuukira zamatsenga. Pambuyo gawo kutsirikidwa, odwala kumva mtendere, ndi kumverera kwa lightness, funde la umoyo ndi mphamvu.

The downside mankhwala zachinyengo ndi yochepa zotsatira zake, ndiponso ngakhale kuti njira imeneyi si abwino kwa odwala onse.

Kupewa mantha Nkhondo

Anthu amene amakonda amadwala matenda okhudza ubongo, moyo mu boma nthawi zonse mavuto ndi nkhawa, chifukwa mu kukana thupi ndi adatchithisira mfundo yovuta. Zikatero, zitani zosayembekezereka (mwachitsanzo, nkhondo pa ntchito) akhoza kukhala "kachitsotso otsiriza" ndi kuyambitsa kuukira kwa mantha kuukira. Komabe, pali njira zina losavuta kuthandiza kusintha mkhalidwe maganizo, kuchepetsa mlingo wa maganizo ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuukira zamatsenga.

1. Wotsukira. lophweka ndi pa njira nthawi yomweyo ogwira. A ndege ca madzi ozizira mwachidule kukhudza khungu, ndipo amatha zolimbikitsa ulimi wa mahomoni kuti kusintha maganizo anu. njira angagwiritsidwe ntchito popewa, akukhudzidwira kulimbitsa boma maganizo ndi pa kuukira kwa nkhawa mkulu ndi mantha. Kodi kutenga douche? Ndi lophweka, koma pali ena mokoma. Douche mutu zofunika, ndiye kokha inu kupeza zotsatira ankafunila. Kuyamba ndondomeko ayenera kukhala ndi madzi ofunda. Pambuyo masekondi angapo, m'pofunika kusinthana kwa ozizira kachiwiri, ngakhale pambuyo masekondi angapo kuti konzekera. Pankhaniyi, madzi ozizira ayenera kukhala ozizira, koma kwenikweni ozizira, ngakhale ikafika. Usaope chimfine - pa mwambo umenewo si zotheka, kuyambira adamulowetsa zoteteza anachita chamoyo.
2. Minofu zosangalatsa. Phunzirani masulani minofu, ndiye amachotsedwa pa nthawi yomweyo mlingo wa maganizo maganizo. Pali njira zambiri zosangalatsa maganizo. Dziŵani iwo kwambiri, inu mosavuta kusankha munthu kuti ndi oyenera inu mwangwiro.
3. Lokhazika mtima pansi tulo. Kusagona tulo si njira yabwino zimakhudza mantha dongosolo anthu. Zikatero, pamene akufotokozera mu mawonekedwe aakulu, zingowonjezera mavuto nthawi zina, ndipo limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kumeneku ndi kuthekera kuukira zamatsenga.
4. Yogwira thupi moyo. Nkofunika kupeza mphamvu lamanja la maganizo okha. Pa nthawi imeneyo, pamene wina woyang'anira zabwinobwino, ena masewero olimbitsa thupi, mu dziwe kapena chochezera. Chinthu chachikulu kuti makalasi kubweretsa inu zosangalatsa, chifukwa yekha mu nkhani iyi iwo adzapindula ndi thanzi maganizo.
5. Wokhazikika chakudya. Apa zonse ndi losavuta: munthu wanjala adatchithisira shuga, ndi ichi kumawonjezera kuthekera kuukira kwa mantha kuukira.
6. Pakalibe ogalamutsa. Zikuphatikizapo: khofi, zakumwa mphamvu, fodya ndi mowa. Pankhaniyi ndi mowa chikutanthauza wapadera, mmodzi awiri magalasi kuthandiza kuchepetsa kuukira za matenda mantha. Koma mmawa matsire zikungopangitsa vutolo. Komanso, ngati inu kumwa mowa panthawi iliyonse kuukira, pali chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda ena - uchidakwa.

Kufotokoza onse pamwamba, tinganene kuti matenda maganizo si zofunika, ndi mantha kapena matenda chinachake, ndi nzeru kupewa. Kuchita izi wosavuta kudziwa mmene kuugwira mtima wawo ndiponso kuwayang'anira matenda a maganizo.