Agulupa ya St. ndulu. Zosangalatsa Switzerland

Switzerland - Dziko kuti alibe chipembedzo, koma chipembedzo choposa zipembedzo m'gawo la State kuti ndi Chikhristu. Chikhristu ankaimira ochepa, pamene Chikatolika (41.8% ya anthu) ndi Chiprotestanti (35.3%) tichipeza lobes awiri akuluakulu.

A chitsanzo zomangamanga akale

Ngakhale lero, zambiri anthu amati Chikatolika. Choncho n'zosadabwitsa matchalitchi ambiri okongola akale aang'ono mbali zochokera kwa chipembedzo ichi. Mu mzinda wa St. Gallen ndi obisika otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse wa St. ndulu, amene anapereka dzina kwa ozungulira midzi yake ndipo chinkaimira agulupa ya Benedicto Order. Mu Middle Ages wa St. Gallen Abbey anali mmodzi wa yaikulu malo chikhalidwe ndi sayansi Europe. akale kwambiri, mu 1983 analowa mndandanda wa UNESCO World Heritage Site, amene akambidwa ngati "chitsanzo changwiro waukulu Carolingian obisika nyengo."

amishonale Irish

Iwo anakhazikitsa agulupa ya St. ndulu, mmodzi wa 12 Irish mmonke ophunzira wophunzitsa ndi amishonale Columban. Ndulu ankatchedwa wotsatira. Kubwera ku banja wolemera mfulu, anadzipereka kwathunthu kwa Mulungu. amishonale Irish achita mbali yofunika kwambiri mu Chikhristu chifalikire mu Ulaya. Pa njira kumpoto Italy Gull kudwala. Columban, kuganizira mofatsa wamantha ndi kusafuna kupitiriza oopsa kwambiri mmishonale anaponya akuphunzira mtima. Kukhala pa Nyanja Constance, Galasi anamanga mu 612 selo apa kuti tikhalebe mu payekha ndi pemphero. Iye anapereka ndi bishopu wa Constance (zaka 615), mzinda on Lake Constance, ndi malo abbot mu agulupa ya Luxeuil. Iye anasiya zonse, ndipo anafa 627 mu Arbon.

The abbot woyamba wa agulupa ya

Mu 1719 pa malo a maselo olungama anayamba kumanga agulupa ya St. ndulu, kuzungulira chomwe pambuyo anakula ku tawuni ya St. Gallen. The abbot woyamba wa agulupa anaikidwa mlaliki Othmar. Iye anabwezeretsa maselo dilapidated. Zikomo kuti khama lake agulupa posachedwa anapezanso ulemerero wa malo achipembedzo. Iwo anayamba zopereka zambiri, ndiponso agulupa anakhala mwinimunda lalikulu. The abbot woyamba wa agulupa linakhazikitsidwa ndi lodziwika bwino ndi mabuku luso zokambirana, ndi amisiri amene anali wotchuka mu Europe. Anali kumeneko eni kuimba sukulu. Mu obisika pali ndakatulo lalikulu ndi amisiri wa Ages Middle. Abbey wa St. ndulu, zoyesa za abbot loyamba, komanso mmodzi wa oyera mtima, chasanduka yaikulu Benedicto Abbey.

Ngakhale nkhondo zonse, agulupa laibulale, ndi lero ali pafupi 160,000 mabuku. "Nyimbo ya Nibelungs" awasungira pano. Wapadera yosanjikizana kuwerenga chipinda woyeneradi mawu osiyana. Inamangidwa mu kalembedwe Rococo, ndi pamwamba phangalo pali lolembedwa, omwe anamasuliridwa a Chigiriki monga "Pharmacist wa moyo." sitolo Izi akuti ndi chidwi kwambiri mu dziko. Tidakhala yokha ali mmodzi wa mizere woyamba mu "mndandanda wa Switzerland. Zokopa ". Photo kutsimikizira wachisoni kukongola kwa ena obisika akale, inu mukuona nokha. Pamndandanda uwu, laibulale Abbey ndi allocated mu mzere osiyana.

mzinda unakula obisika ndi

Tikumbukenso kuti likulu la kum'mawa Switzerland, ankakhala mu gawo German wa dziko ali malaya yake ya manja, amene kugwirizana ndi imodzi mwa nthano zambiri za zozizwitsa za St. ndulu. Iwo akunena chimbalangondo tcheni chagolide. Malinga ndi nthano, St. Galasi anadyetsa chimbalangondo njala ndipo mlekeni konzekera kutsogolo kwa moto wake. Ndipo chirombo anamuthandizira amayamikira anamanga chipika selo pa magombe a mtsinje Steinach ndi kugona kotero mudzi wa St. Gallen (Switzerland). Msangani wenewu chimasonyeza njovu, kutanthauza m'ma IX. Likulu la Canton eponymous, Switzerland ndi utsogoleri-Kupititsa mayunitsi, mzinda lili pamalo okwera mamita 700 pamwamba pa nyanja ndipo ndi kuthetsa apamwamba mu Switzerland.

makhalidwe chinenero cha dziko

Mzindawu unali pakati pa zitunda tiwiri. Kufanana phiri lotchedwa Rosenberg (mu kumpoto) ndi Freudenberg (kum'mwera). Chifukwa cha mtunda m'mapiri a St. Gallen amatchedwa "mzinda wa masitepe zikwi."

The zinenero zovomerezeka dziko lino ndi options Swiss German, French, Italy ndi Chiromanshi. The ambiri - 63,7% - anati mu German. Komabe, dziko lili ndi zinenero mtheradi ofanana. Swiss bwino, kulankhula Chiromanshi, mofanana ndi anthu ambiri, iwo alipo mu nyumba yamalamulo.

Dziko wotchuka nsalu St. Gallen

Ponena za kupambana kwa mzinda, m'pofunika onani kupambana kugwirizana ndi nsalu wotchuka ndi zingwe zodziwika mdziko lonse. Makampani mu mzinda wa East Switzerland anayamba ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale nsalu. Pa zikamera ubale capitalist ankapita nsalu munalidi gulu. Kuyambira IX m'ma XVIII, ndi makampani kwenikweni kutenga mzinda wolemera. St. Gallen nsalu ndi zingwe, ndi mankhwala chokongoletsera tsopano ŵa Couture nyumba. Kwambiri apamwamba, zovala zapamwamba labala pano. The zowoneka za mzinda komanso kowonera zakale ndi mtundu uwu wa mankhwala.

khadi bizinesi dziko

Ndipo, ndithudi, izo sitingalephere kutchula udindo wa mabanki a dzikoli chitukuko cha chuma dziko. The wamkulu banki Wegelin, anakhazikitsidwa mu 1741, ili mu mzinda wa St. Gallen. Switzerland - Dziko ndi dongosolo wamkulu ndi yaikulu banki mu dziko. Likulu la kum'mawa Switzerland, monga ena apaulendo, ali zozizwitsa atatu - Abbey, kuluka, ndi Bay mazenera, kukongola, m'maganizo ndi kuchuluka kuti ndi nsanje aliyense mzinda European. Banks mawotchi ya m'mapiri pogwiritsa, zingwe ndi tchizi - kuti kwa nthawi yaitali anali ulemerero wa dziko ndipo ndi muyeso, ndiponso kupereka wapamwamba kwambiri mu dziko.

Nkhani mwachizolowezi a ku Ulaya

History of Switzerland, imene pali umboni zopelekedwa anayamba ndi yokopa Yuliya Tsezarya, ndiko kuti, pakati pa zaka za zana loyamba BC. Amadziwika kuti pamaso anagonjetsa mayiko amenewa ndi Rome, munkakhala Helvetii (ndi yaikulu Acelt fuko). Choncho, Switzerland ali ndi dzina chachiwiri - Helvetia. Atalandidwa m'madera amenewa zochokera chi Roma, ndi m'zaka za zana IV, ndipo apa akulowa chipembedzo chatsopano of Ancient Rome - Christianity. Ndiye m'dziko, monga kwambiri ku Ulaya, ndipo anagonjetsa ndi Charlemagne, ndi Napoleon. Pa Choyamba ndi Chachiwiri World Nkhondo Switzerland sankalowerera, zimene zifukwa zoonekeratu, akhala kwambiri ovomereza-German.

The peculiarity wa Switzerland

Mwalamulo, August 1, 2014 dziko chikondwerero chikumbutso ake 720th. Mbiri ya Switzerland mtundu anayamba tsiku lomwelo zaka zingapo zapitazo. Holide zofunika za dziko, Foundation Tsiku la boma, amagwirizana ndi chochitika chimene chinachitika mu 1291, pamene zitatu woyamba ogwirizana Union. Kenako, Schwyz, Uri ndi Unterwalden adalowa mgwirizano ndi, adzakhala anatchula cantons, amene lero gawo la Switzerland ali 20 ndi 6 theka cantons. mayunitsi utsogoleri imakonzedwa kuti iwo akukhala, monga ulamuliro, anthu amene amalankhula chinenero chimodzi. Borders, amene ali Switzerland ano, makamaka popangidwa ndi m'ma XVI. dziko lino ndi chitaganya umene aliyense Canton ndi boma ndi malamulo anu ake, maulamuliro, ndi ali ndi ufulu kugwira referendums. Pa dera la dziko chogwidwa ndi ufulu wachipembedzo. dongosolo Democratic ku Switzerland isiyana ndi mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya. Za mfundo palokha anathamangitsa ndi boma, n'chakuti dziko sanabadwe m'gulu la EU.

Dziko-nthano

Onse akhala dziko la mapiri otchedwa chete wake wamng'ono paradaiso. Wapadera zowoneka za Switzerland, chithunzi ndi kufotokozera zimene ziri m'zinenero. Amazing kukongola phiri, agwilitse 60% ya gawo, zosiyanasiyana zakale wapadera, nyumba, amene nthawi zambiri kupitiriza mapiri - zonse izi zimawapangitsa dziko ndi muyezo wapamwamba wa amoyo, osati Europe komanso dziko, m'lingaliro lenileni la mawu lowoneka. Pa kukongola kwa dziko n'chakuti, ngati penapake mu dziko ndi malo chodabwitsa, iye anali pomwepo wotchedwa Switzerland m'deralo. Dziko ndiwokongola chaka chonse, koma mu nthawi yozizira, pamene chisanu akugwa, anakwaniritsa mendulo mzinda Khirisimasi ndi wokongola makamaka St. Gallen.