AN-148-100: mipando yaulemu mu kanyumba, zithunzi

Chiyukireniya ndege kupanga nkhawa - ASTC Antonov - pamodzi ndi makampani ku Russia ndi mayiko ena a dziko analenga banja la amapasa-ndege ndege dera amene analandira amalembedwa AN-148-100 (zithunzi anapereka m'nkhani). ndege Awa ndi mpikisano zina zamakono ndege, wakumana zofunikira ano m'mayiko, mfundo zinthu zachilengedwe ndi chitetezo, komanso zofuna za makampani nawo oyenda pandege. AN-148-100 lakonzedwa zonyamula katundu ndi magalimoto pa mizere yaikulu ndi dera.

Banja ndi zosintha

Banja la ndege An-148-100 ali options atatu okwera 68-85: A - ndi buku la yochepa-osiyanasiyana zonyamula yonyamula (makilomita 3,000); B - m'munsi Baibulo isiyana m'mbuyomo okha ndege osiyanasiyana (mpaka 3600 km); E - amakhala ndi kuchuluka osiyanasiyana (makilomita mpaka 5,000). Komanso, pali mabaibulo asanu a ndege: kuchuluka mphamvu zonyamula; ndi mlingo pazipita chitonthozo kwa apaulendo; katundu; Galimoto ndi mbali khomo; katundu ndi kumbuyo zimaswa-limbikitsa; wapadera cholinga.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe. chimodzi

Kumayambiriro 90 ntchentche mu Maofesi dzina la Antonov O. K. anayamba ntchito pa kupanga latsopano mwakwera ndege - ndi AN-148-100 (chithunzi m'nkhani kuonetsa ndege). The makina yatsopano m'malo lotha An-24, An-72, An-74, Yak 40, Yak-42 ndi Lachiwiri 134. Wachita gulu chitukuko cha akatswiri motsogozedwa ndi Balueva. Kuloŵedwa m'malo mwa chitsanzo watsopano, An-74 udaikidwa ngati ngalawa katundu ndipo yosayenera ndi mayendedwe abwino kwambiri anthu. Ngakhale pambuyo kuchotsa injini pansi phiko pa pylon, amene adakula Mwachangu mafuta, izo sizingakhoze kupikisana ndi nambala ya ndege zamakono dera monga anthu.

Imeneyi, kasamalidwe kampani anaganiza zopanga zatsopano zonyamula jumbo ndege chimene chimachita amafuna zamakono zonse.

Gawo awiri

Poyamba, ntchito unkatchedwa AN-74-68. The ndege yatsopano ndi osiyana mtundu mapiko a, wautali fuselage, injini ija wachisanu ndi kapangidwe ukasintha latsopano iwowo. Komabe, mavuto azachuma anachedwa kubadwa kwa ndegeyo. Izo zinali kokha mu 2001 analowa gawo la ntchito kapangidwe zapamadzi. ntchito tsopano kuvala dzina latsopano - ndi AN 148. Chifukwa cha mfundo ndege An-74 TK 300 Komabe, AN-148-100 ndege (chithunzi) ndi chipangizo, kwathunthu kulengedwa kuchokera zikande, ndipo si kusinthidwa wa An-74. Chathandiza m'litali ndi awiri a fuselage ndi watsopano kapangidwe-phiko zosagwiritsa chithunzi ano ndalama powertrains okonzeka ndi dongosolo amagetsi kulamulira. Woyamba ndege mayesero a An-148-100 anayamba kumapeto 2004. A 2 June, 2009, woyamba yoyenda ndege ya ndege yatsopano pa njira Kharkiv - Kyiv. Patapita miyezi iwiri, thambo anauka woyamba AN-148-100 Russian msonkhano.

mayeso

miyezi itatu ndege yoyamba ya An-148-100 mayeso chitsanzo, ndegeyo anatsimikizira zonse pafupifupi ndege makhalidwe pansi kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino mkulu wa kuukira. ndegeyo linapangidwa mu mode onenepa ikakhala osiyana. Ichi chidachitika kuyesa zina zinthu katundu mechanization galimotoyo ndi mapiko, khalidwe la magawo osiyanasiyana a ndege yonyamula. Pafupifupi kasinthidwe chirichonse AN-148-100 (ndemanga akatswiri titsimikizire kuti) anasonyezeratu ndithu, kusiyanitsa woyendetsa zinthu zachilengedwe, zikubweretsa onenepa a. zapamadzi khalidwe mu ankhanza yovuta ndege anasonyeza kuti zabwino kwambiri, mogwirizana ndi zofunikira za malamulo ndege.

chitsimikizo

February 26, 2007 ndege yatsopano, injini, ndi mphamvu wothandiza ake wagawo analandira zikalata boma Aviation Administration wa Ukraine ndi Aviation Register ya Interstate Committee Aviation. Chitsimikizo ndege ikuchitika malinga ndi chakudya cha chitsimikizo maziko SB 148 anakamba pa mfundo za aeronautical ndi malamulo a mayiko CIS (AP-25), komanso European CS 25. Phokoso mlingo pansi kuti ndegeyo likukwaniritsa zofunikira za gawo 4 alumikiza 16 m'Pangano International Civil Aviation (Volume 1 "Aviation phokoso" ndi kusinthidwa mpaka 7 Ponena) ndi zofunikira za Gawo 36 Aviation Malamulo AP-36. Pa mlingo wa mpweya - zofunikira za gawo zogwirizana wa alumikiza 16 m'Pangano International Civil Aviation (Volume 2 "mpweya ndege Engine" kusintha kwa chachinayi Ponena) ndi zofunikira za Aviation Malamulo AP-34.

njira kapangidwe

Taganizirani zimene njira nzeru, kupereka chizindikiro ndege yatsopano angapo ubwino akuyendera ndege za banja KB akatswiri "Antonov". An-148-100 ali mkulu mlingo wa chitetezo wa mapiko ndi powertrain zisaonongeke ndi zinthu zakunja. Ichi ndi chifukwa chiwembu chipangizo - vysokoplan ndi injini pansi pa pylons phiko. Komanso, pamndandanda wa ndege ungatithandizire bwinobwino pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya runways, kuphatikizapo slabopodgotovlennyh, nthaka, miyala, ayezi ndi chipale anaphimba. Komanso, pamaso pa bolodi dongosolo kuchita kalembera wa kachitidwe, ndi wothandiza mphamvu wagawo, komanso msinkhu ndi mkulu wodalirika komanso operatability kulola ntchito za banja la ndege pa airfields iliyonse. Yabwino malo mobisa katundu makontena amalola potsegula ndi katundu katundu kuchita popanda zipangizo wapadera katundu nthaka.

powertrains

Pakuti ndege za banja mu SE "Ivchenko-Bwino" zachitika injini latsopano lachisanu m'badwo D-436-148. Limeneli liyenera mphamvu okonzeka ndi ena machitidwe ulamuliro basi ndi polojekiti. Iwo amapereka akadakwanitsira injini ntchito m'madera onse a ndege, kuwonjezera, kuwonjezera kudalirika, ndi kuchepetsa yokonza ndi mafuta. Powertrains An-148-100 ziyeneretso zamakono "Eurocontrol" ndi ICAO. gwero awo chimenecho ndi 20,000 m'zinthu ndi maola 40,000 ntchito. Pa pempho makasitomala ndege wa banja akhoza okonzeka ndi injini ano ndi yaikulu yopanga yachilendo ya kuposa 8000 kg.

zida

Modern navigation, ndege kulamulira ndi mawailesi kulankhulana komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta kutali dongosolo ndege ulamuliro wa Airbus ndi multifunction zizindikiro amakulolani kugwiritsa ntchito ndege awa pa njira iliyonse mpweya, kuphatikizapo zodutsa ndi mwachilungamo mkulu-kachulukidwe magalimoto, usana ndi usiku, monga momwe yosavuta ndipo mu nyengo siili bwino. The An-148-100 amaperekedwa Buku ndi zodziwikiratu samoletovozhdenie onse. Sitima ulamuliro amalola pulogalamu maulendo zofunika, njira yokha malinga ndi Ine, II ndi III A ICAO siyana, yopingasa ndi ofukula navigation kuduliratu ndi ankafika pa STAR ndi SID ziwembu. Zipangizo amapereka polojekiti zodziwikiratu a machitidwe onse mu ndege ndi nthaka ndi yobereka wotsatira wa amaphunzitsidwa kudziwa ndi aircrew.

chitetezo

Banja deta ndege zikuphatikizapo ya kukhwimitsa chitetezo. Mwachitsanzo, oyendetsa kanyumba okonzeka ndi zitseko zipolopolo, zipangizo kulankhulana ndi oyendetsa kanyumba adalira, malo osungira yolimbanirana ndi chida kanema dongosolo anaziika, malo zipangizo zachiwawa pa nkhani ya kupeza iwo pa bolodi pa zipangizo ndege, odana ndi kuba.

okonzera

zonyamula chipinda omasuka ndege za banja limafanana ndi mlingo wa chitonthozo ano, thunthu liners. Makamaka, chifukwa izi zimatheka chifukwa kamangidwe zomveka, komanso zikuchokera maofesi a utumiki, ntchito mipando ano, katundu ndi mamangidwe zamkati ergonomic kukhathamiritsa wa danga munthu ndi wamba, ndipo, ndithudi, ndi otsika phokoso mlingo. Zosangalatsa zonyamula mu kanyumba ali okonzeka ndi dongosolo ano infotainment. Dzanja m'chikwama amatseka mu poyimitsa wapadera katundu, yodziwika ndi chidwi kuchuluka - okwana kiyubiki mamita 4.2. maalumali kukula chimasiyana malinga ndi buku la ndege. Lalikulu - mu yochepa kwambiri kuposa ndi ndege dera. Chiwerengero cha katundu ndi katundu chipinda cha AN 148 ili kumbuyo ndi pansi pansi galimotolo kanyumba ya ndege - 14,6 kiyubiki mamita.

AN-148-100 - chiwembu mkati

Kamangidwe wa galimotolo kanyumba ya yonyamula anaikira mayendedwe a anthu 68 ndi 85. Pa ndege kusiya mipando isanu ndi khumi kalasi malonda, ena - chifukwa chuma. makhalidwe makonzedwe (tikuonera chithunzi pamwambapa) labizinesi awiri mu mzere mbali la ndegeyo. Mkati, atatu mipando chuma kalasi mu mzere mbali imodzi ndi ziwiri kumbali inayo. Anaikidwa pa aliyense alumali dzanja katundu. Mtunda pakati pa mizere mu chuma kalasi yonyamula lakonzedwa kuonjezera Munthu wapakati (kwa wokwera mawondo anapuma pa kumbuyo kwa mpando lotsatira. Koma anthu ndi kukula, amakhala adzakhala penapake wovuta. Koposa lililonse mpando ali kulamulira mabatani kuunikira ndi mpweya kulamulira, kuunikira kusonyezedwa ndi kuitanira m'ndegeyo . Malinga ndi ndemanga m'basimo mu ndege An-148-100 mipando yaulemu lotsika mtengo ndi zenera kumanzere (a mzere wa mipando iwiri).

Reviews

Monga mwa nthawi zonse, mu nkhani iyi, anthu mayankho osiyanasiyana, nthawi zina ngakhale umasemphana kotheratu. Munthu anena kuti ndege inali yabwino kwambiri, ndege chikuchitika mu chete kuduliratu ndipo tidakocheza zofewa. Koma ena amati phokoso la injini si mkulu, pa kutenga wolemera ndipo ankafika ndege kwambiri agwedeza, ndi kuti mu zaka An-24 kuuluka bwino. anthu angati - malingaliro ambiri. Choncho, ngati mukufuna anu, ntchito misonkhano ya ndege fanizirani nazo.

Pomaliza

Ngakhale unyamata wake wachibale, ndege izi mwamphamvu unatenga kagawo kakang'ono mu misewu dera mpweya osati maiko CIS komanso mu Europe ndi Asia. An-148-100 "Aeroflot", "Russia", "Angara" ndi makampani ina yoyendera zonyamula mpweya anapeza m'malo chakale Lachiwiri 134 ndi ena. AN-148 likukwaniritsa zofunikira za chitetezo, chuma ndi chitonthozo. Makhalidwe onse awa ndipo akhala zinthu zimachititsa kuti kupanga makampani kupereka mmalo chitsanzo ichi.