Anisotropic Sefa. Othandiza ntchito yophunzitsa: anisotropic zosefera

Anisotropic zosefera ndi imodzi mwa miyambo ya zithunzi ano, zomwe zimachititsa owerenga ambiri kulankhula za mmene lero limapanga zosiyanasiyana chithunzi kuwongola luso owerenga.

Sikuti kubisa choona kuti n'kofunika kwambiri opanga masewera lero kwambiri apamwamba atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena zithunzi, ndipo iwo lero ndi amene pafupifupi makasitomala kokha mitundu yonse ya umisiri watsopano m'munda wa makadi zithunzi. Ndipotu, mkulu-mphamvu accelerator pa mphindi zitha chofunika kukachitika kuti muyenera kuthamanga ena masewero omaliza-m'badwo, chimene kwenikweni wovuta injini zikugwira ntchito shaders zovuta Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana.

mapu ndi chiyani?

Kodi ena injini overdeveloped mu nthawi yathu - ndi zinyalala kwambiri chuma. Ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo chiopsezo kwambiri. njira izi ntchito kokha ntchito yapamwamba-bajeti kuti malonda zikuluzikulu, zomwe pasadakhale, ngakhale isanatuluke cokhulupilila kuti masewera adzakhala mwachangu adzacotsa ku maalumali. Komanso chidwi n'chakuti, m'zaka zaposachedwapa mwapadera kuti "ndale" pa masiku masewera injini, chifukwa m'munda wa chitukuko masewera kalekale pali mfundo imene angafune kuganizira zofuna za makampani awiri kutsogolera m'munda wa zithunzi mapurosesa - ndi NVIDIA ndi ATI.

kampani nthawi yaitali kupikisana wina ndi mzake, ndipo Ndipotu palibe chiyembekezo kuti posachedwapa izo adzatha kuthetsa mikangano, koma anthu ogula ndi chabe pa dzanja. Tsopano izo siziri zokwanira kukhala injini kwenikweni apamwamba, inunso muyenera tipezekemo thandizo la wina amene amapanga, amene ngakhale khazikitsa mapulogalamu awo Othandizana kwa igrodelov.

ndandanda A limakula ndi kukula ...

Kupanga zisinthe mtheradi m'munda wa 3D-zithunzi injini ndi zovuta, kotero kuti kusintha awa n'chosoŵa. Komabe, mu nkhani iyi, ndithudi, fano khalidwe ndi bwino nthawi pa nthawi ndipo, oddly mokwanira, zinacitika monga m'munsimu kuchoka ena yotsimikizika "kugulitsa" masewera monga Crysis.

Bukuli lili kusefa anisotropic, komanso otchedwa odana aliasing ikuchitika lero amasulidwe nambala yaikulu madalaivala osiyana kanema aliyense wopanga, ndipo aliyense kampani ali njira yake ndi ndondomeko zokhudza kukhathamiritsa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri si aliyense.

Kodi anisotropic zosefera?

Anisotropic Sefa - Ndi njira yapadera chikusintha mawonekedwe pa pamalo amene pa wina njingayo wachibale kamera. Mofanana monga bilinear kapena trilinear, anisotropic zimathandiza kuthetsa aliasing pa pamalo osiyana, koma anayambitsanso osachepera blurring, potero kusunga mmphepete mwatsatanetsatane chithunzi.

Dziwani kuti masewera anisotropic zosefera akuyendera mwa mawerengedwe zovuta zimenezi ndi ochepa "kuposa" la zoikamo mu masewera unkachitika yekha kuyambira 2004.

Pofuna kumvetsa zimene anisotropic sefa, muyenera tidziwe zina zofunika mderali. Kumene, lero aliyense wosuta amadziwa kuti yotchinga wapangidwa ndi zambiri pixels osiyana, amene chiwerengero zimadalira kusamvana mwachindunji. Pofuna kusonyeza chithunzi chophimba zithunzi kukonzedwa mtundu uliwonse mapikiselo.

Mfundo ntchito

Sankhani kapangidwe yeniyeni womwe ndi kuthetsa nkhaniyo, limene lili kutsidya malangizo a kubwerezako. Pambuyo pake, zimatengera texels ochepa ali pamodzi malangizo kuonera, kenako pafupifupi mtundu wawo.

Popeza yotchinga akhoza kukhala oposa miliyoni pixels, ndipo aliyense texel mu nkhani iyi si zosakwana 32 Tinthu, anisotropic zosefera masewera amafuna mphamvu kanema kwambiri mkulu bandiwifi, amene sapereka zambiri ngakhale zipangizo zambiri zamakono. Pachifukwa ichi kuti lalikulu zofunika kukumbukira ndi kuchepetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito caching, komanso apadera luso kapangidwe psinjika.

Kodi ntchito?

Khama la pixels mtundu ikuchitika chifukwa chotsatira polygons ndi textured chithunzi ongokhala pixels ooneka enieni fano - texels, amene superimposed pa 3D-pamwamba. The vuto lalikulu mu nkhani iyi ndi chimodzimodzi chimene texels adzaona mtundu wa mapikiselo pa zenera. Pofuna kumvetsa bwino mbali kuti kusiyanitsa kusefa anisotropic, muyenera kuganizira zimene zenera - ndi mbaula chachikulu, mmene muli zosiyanasiyana kwambiri mabowo, omwe akuimira mapikiselo.

Kudziwa mtundu wa mapikiselo pa zochitika atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena Ndizapambuyo wa mbaula, ndi zokwanira basi kuyang'ana mdzenje kake. Tiyerekezenso kuti mtengo kuwala umadutsa izo, ndiyeno afika pa malo athu, ndipo ngati izo udzakhazikitsidwe limodzi ndi nkhani malo awo kulowa, mu nkhani iyi, kupeza malo ozungulira kuwala. Ngati ayi, banga adzakhala penapake molakwika, mwachitsanzo. E. Kodi kale mawonekedwe elliptical. Iwo polygons kuti anayikidwa mu malo kuunika, ndipo kudziwa mtundu uliwonse mapikiselo payekha.

Chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira?

Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti zosefera anisotropic ntchito yekha kuti kupereka bwino chithunzi quality, koma mfundo ziri chabe Mapeto omwe amaperekedwa si chifukwa kusefera yokha.

Pamene n'kupanga makamaka chithunzi kapangidwe mapulogalamu anapatsidwa awiri mlingo kapangidwe zosefera kuti Zosefera akuimira osachepera ndi kutalika pazipita kuti kudziwa zenizeni fyuluta ntchito ntchito mu ndondomeko ya kupanga fano kapangidwe mu mulanduwo, ngati kamera chokwawa kapena kuyandikira izo.

Mwachitsanzo, munthu akhoza kuganizira trilinear kapena anisotropic zosefera ntchito chiyerekezo, i.e. aliyense texel akuyamba ndi miyeso lalikulu ndi kale chimakwirira pixels angapo. Pofuna kuchotsa mu izi aliasing vuto ndi imathandiza adzakhululukidwa ntchito. Tikumbukenso kuti zimenezo, njira iyi kutali mulingo woyenera monga kusefa (anisotropic kapena trilinear) blurs fano pang'ono. Pofuna kuona bwinobwino pa chithunzi, Pakufunika kuwonjezeka Maganizo a kapangidwe ka.

Kodi ndisankhe?

Kumene, wosuta aliyense ndi opanga masewera wamba pali funso ndithu zomveka. Today pali Tri-liniya ndi anisotropic zosefera - kodi bwino? Ndipotu bwino, ndithudi, ndi anisotropic luso. Chinthu ndi kuti Tri-liniya zosefera si bwino kwambiri linaŵerengera mtundu uliwonse texel, ndi kukhala enieni kwambiri, iwo akuchita zolakwa lokhudza wake, ngati tikulankhula za ndege otsamira. Ntchito anisotropic umisiri panopa enaake ntchito modes sefa, kusintha mbali. Choncho ikuluikulu ngodya kwambiri, adzakhala khalidwe ndi Kuzindikira zomwe angathe kupereka anisotropic kapangidwe zosefera. Komabe, nthawi yomweyo tiyenera kuzindikira kuti adzatenga ndi ambiri makadi mphamvu deta processing.

Kodi zimathandiza?

Inu sitiyenera kuyembekezera kuti m'kupita, pambuyo kulolerana wa ntchito atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena zithunzi ukuyenda bwino, zambiri ngakhale pa kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino mkulu wa blurring ena analandira, koma ambiri Chifukwa, inu mumatenga bwinobwino chithunzi. Pa nkhani imeneyi, munthu aliyense kwa iye yekha ali ndi ufulu wosankha angagwiritsire ntchito imeneyi ndi mmene phindu kwa iye.

Popeza bwino amphamvu kwambiri khalidwe la images, nchito imeneyi sathandiza kuti anthu amene akuyesetsa kuti azipeza ntchito ya masewera pa osati makompyuta amphamvu kwambiri, kuyang'ana mmene kuletsa anisotropic zosefera. Zofuna za nchito imeneyi ndi incommensurate pang'ono poyerekeza ndi zimene zimabweretsa amatipatsa, kotero ndi ofunika kuganiza za momwe kutembenukira izo poyamba.

Point zochepa chabe pamalangizo

Point zitsanzo zosankhidwazi lero akuimira chimake zophweka kwambiri mmene mtundu wa mapikiselo anatsimikiza. aligorivimu Izi zachokera kapangidwe image, posankha texel aliyense limodzi, yomwe ili pafupi ndi zotheka pakati pa malo kuwala. N'kosavuta kuti ndikulingalira kuti mwina zimenezi si mulingo woyenera kwambiri, monga mtundu wa mapikiselo kuyesetsa imodzi mwa texels angapo, ndipo anasankha nkhani iyi, chimodzi chokha, malo kuwala akhoza kusintha mawonekedwe ake, aligorivimu Kodi kuganizira.

The drawback waukulu, umene amakhala ngati anisotropic sefa, n'chakuti pa moyandikana mokwanira pafupi yotchinga chiwerengero cha pixels adzakhala kwambiri kowonjezeka poyerekeza ndi chiwerengero cha texels, kotero kuti fano limakhala si choncho chidwi. Otchedwa kutsekereza zotsatira za ambiri ambiri anamuona pa "lakale" masewera a pakompyuta.