Ankhaninkhani (Java) adzizungulira

Mu Java, monga pafupifupi chinenero mapulogalamu, pali zida kupereka kubwerezabwereza angapo a chidutswa makamaka a code, kapena, ngati iwo amatchedwa, m'zinthu. Zingwe zopota ku Java awa akuimira ntchito, monga ndipo pamene, komanso mitundu awo. Childs, m'zinthu ntchito ndime za magulu limodzi azithunzi omwe tikunena ndi Mipikisano ooneka enieni ndi iterable nyumba deta (kuphatikizapo zopereka) kupeza zinthu zina ndi ntchito zina ndi iwo. Komabe, iyi si njira yokhayo ntchito chida monga vuto la Java. Zitsanzo za ntchito akanati actuated monga kuganizira.

Kuzungulira The pamene a Java: ofotokoza ndi zitsanzo

Ofunika mkombero woyendetsa ku Java ndi kanthawi. Ndondomekozi Buku mwachidule unazunguliridwa mu thupi lake, mobwerezabwereza bola ngati chikhalidwe akuti, akachita m'mabokosi pambuyo, kukhutitsa mtengo zomveka WOONA. Mawonekedwe onse a mawu pamene ali motere:

pamene (chikhalidwe) {

// kuzungulira thupi

}

Pamene mtengo wa zinthu zomveka apitirira Kukhala oona, wandende mwa kuzungulira thupi malamulo adzaleka kuti zizichitidwa ndi ulamuliro adzakhala anadutsa pomwepo akafika mzere. Ngati kuzungulira ndi akachita yekha woyendetsa wina, braces akhoza kukhala wotsalira, koma amaona maonekedwe abwino, ngati iwo ali nthawi zonse. chithunzi pamwamba limasonyeza otaya chithunzi cha machitidwe a woyendetsa lapansi.

Chifukwa ndi losavuta kumva, tiyeni tione chitsanzo, tikuonera chithunzi pansipa:

Analengeza achiyesa variable poyamba anayamba 1. Kenako, tikuona akuti n'zomveka unazunguliridwa mu parentheses pambuyo dzina la woyendetsa lapansi. Izo ndi zoona, ndiye kuti, kubwerera ku zoona, bola ngati mtengo wa kuwerengedwa ndi zosakwana kapena wolingana ndi 10. Mu kuzungulira ndi aliyense chiphaso (iteration), ndi variable ndi incremented ndi 1 ndipo chili pa nsalu yotchinga kutonthoza. Onani kuti mtengo wa variable ndi wafika 11, vuto anasiya kugwira ntchito.

Ngati mtengo wa tawerenga poyamba wofanana 11, chikhalidwe kuzungulira zikanakhala ziri zabodza, ndipo pulogalamu sibwezi ngakhale atalowa thupi lake.

Dziwani kuti Java malembedwe amalola ntchito mawu pamene popanda thupi. Pano pali chitsanzo. Tiyeni tinene tili awiri zosintha ine = 100 ndipo J = 200, takumana ndi ntchito pulogalamu kuwerengera awo pafupifupi - mungagwiritse ntchito "dzenje» pamene:

pamene (++ ine <- j);

Chifukwa, mtengo wa aliyense wa zosintha awiri adzakhala wofanana ndi chiyerekezo cha makhalidwe awo koyamba. Monga mukuonera, vuto ntchito mwangwiro popanda thupi, ndipo anagwira ntchito zonse zofunikira pa mawu akuti makonzedwe.

Vuto la kuchita pamene

Mu Mwachitsanzo yapita, ngati mawu makonzedwe poyamba anabwerera wabodza, ndiye pulogalamu kuti anyalanyaza thupi la kuzungulira ndi kumapitirira. Komabe, nthawi zambiri pali zinthu zimene kuphedwa kwa malamulo ali thupi la kuzungulira, onetsetsani kuti kamodzi, kaya choonadi cha mawu makonzedwe. M'mawu ena, izo zimachitika kuti aletse zotuluka pa mawu makonzedwe si chofunika pachiyambi ndi kumapeto kwa kuzungulira. magwiridwe Izi zingalimbikitse mtundu wa kanthawi kuzungulira otchedwa kuchita kanthawi. Iwo ali mawonekedwe zotsatirazi:

kuchita {
// kuzungulira thupi

} Ngakhale (chikhalidwe);

Monga tikuonera, choyamba, chifukwa kuphedwa mkombero ndi thupi, ndiye yekha kufufuzidwa chikhalidwe ndi zoona - ndi aliyense iteration.

Ndondomekozi pamwamba, amakwaniritsa pafupifupi chimodzimodzi ngati momwe zinalili ndi kanthawi ochiritsira. Komabe, ngati ife anatuma mtengo wa achiyesa 11, kuzungulira thupi nayebe kamodzi, pamaso pa woyendetsa akhoza atsimikizire kufotokozako.

Kufotokozera ndi zitsanzo - Java mkombero

Pakuti mkombero ndi mosalekeza ndi kothandiza zinenero mawonekedwe kuti Java. Mpaka Baibulo wachisanu wa Java SDK anali mmodzi yekha miyambo mawonekedwe a mawu, ndipo pambuyo latsopano - lililonse. M'chigawo chino, ife kufufuza maonekedwe chikhalidwe woyendetsa lapansi. chifukwa Java kuzungulira chiri motere:

Pamaso ulamuliro Ndondomekozi kuti akalandire mu kuzungulira koyamba initializes ndi variable ine, kutumikira monga kauntala. Mawu akuti makonzedwe ndi kufufuzidwa, mmene kauntala akuwafanizira ndi mtengo winawake, ndipo ngati limabwerera woona, thupi anaphedwa. Ndiye, mtengo achiyesa limasintha mwa tsatane anakonzeratu, ndipo adafikapo makonzedwe akuti ndi zina zotero mpaka chikhalidwe ndi zabodza. Block chithunzi m'munsimu chikusonyeza magawo onse a kuzungulira.

Kumvetsa timapereka chitsanzo chosonyeza zimene zimachitika chifukwa Java:

Ife tikuona kuti mu variable loopVal ntchito ngati kauntala. Nthawi iliyonse iteration, mtengo wake wamkulu ndi 1, ndipo zidzachitika mpaka ndiye, mpaka akafika 11. Dziwani kuti ulamuliro variable akhoza ananena kunja kwa mawu, koma ngati simufuna ntchito variable ili paliponse kupatula mu dongosolo, izo m'pofunika kulengeza mwachindunji mawu a. Kumbukirani kuti variable ananena mawu ali ndi kuchuluka mwa dongosolo lomwelo.

Pali nthawi zina pamene mukufuna kulengeza angapo kuzungulira ulamuliro variable. Kuti Java kuzungulira limakupatsani mwachindunji zosintha ziwiri kapena zambiri, ankasiyana mipatuliro, ndipo kutero onse initialization awo, ndi pa iteration. Chotero woyendetsa chidzakhala zotsatirazi:

pakuti (Int ine = 1, Int J = 10; ine

Nthaŵi iliyonse iteration, mtengo wa variable ine incremented ndi 1 ndi mtengo wa J variable ndi decremented mwa 1. iterations adzakhala aphedwe malinga ine ndi wamkulu kuposa kapena wolingana j.

Features ntchito kwa mawu

kwa mkombero ndi kusintha ndithu kamangidwe, kuyambira mbali zonse zitatu (initialization, chikhalidwe, ndi increment / decrement) sangathe ntchito kwa cholinga chake. Mwachitsanzo, mmalo mwa Mawu makonzedwe ndi ulamuliro variable angathe mmalo variable aliyense Buliyani.

Buliyani kuchoka = wabodza;

pakuti (Int ine = 0 ;! kuchoka; ++ i) {

kuchoka = woona;

}

Mu chitsanzo pamwamba ife tikhoza kuwona momwe ntchito mkombero zimadalira kwambiri ndi ulamuliro variable ine ndi chiwerengero cha iterations zikudalira pa nthawi ya kuchoka variable chidzamasulidwa ku woona. Komanso pa variable ulamuliro akhoza kwathunthu kuchotsedwa adzizungulira, ndipo sikungawononge ntchito yake: pakuti (; kuchoka ;!) {}. Ngakhale kuti si njira yabwino mogwira pulogalamu, izo zikhoza kukhala zothandiza. Chinthu chachikulu - kusamalira zinthu zimene variable adzatenga bwino kutuluka mtengo adzizungulira, kuti yatsani izo mu wosatha.

Kuti Java mkombero akhoza analengeza ndi njira iyi: pakuti (;;) {}. Izi Chitsanzo cha kuzungulira wopandamalire mavuto apadera kum'dula pakamwa. Za kuti, kodi mtundu uwu m'zinthu akulankhula, tikambirana pang'ono.

Mkombero kalembedwe lililonse

Foreach Java mkombero nthawi zonse ntchito kusanja yotsatana wa zosiyanasiyana zinthu kapena chilichonse nyumba deta ndi kuchita pa iwo ena ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Mwachitsanzo anapatsidwa likamanena woyendetsa ali anapereka m'munsimu:

Monga iteration variable analengeza dzina, kale analengeza mayina osiyanasiyana mizere woyendetsa amachita Mtsutso wachiwiri. Dzina variable adzakhala alternately kutenga mfundo iliyonse mchitidwe zosiyanasiyana mpaka zinthu zake zonse akhala yotengedwa. Tikumbukenso kuti mtundu variable ayenera kukhala yogwirizana ndi mtundu wa zinthu kusungidwa mwa dongosolo lomenyera lapansi. Komanso, dzina variable alipo yekha kuwerenga ndiponso sadayeserepo kusintha izo Sudzatitsogolera kusintha zinthu mwa dongosolo lomenyera lapansi.

Ntchito mkombero kusokoneza

Pali atatu woyendetsa mkombero kaye: yopuma, kubwerera ndi kupitiriza. Woyamba awiri amatha kwathunthu usokoneze ntchito mkombero, ndi kupitiriza kugwira ntchito kokha kaye ndi iteration panopa. Ngati mumamwa code yanu mwadala wosatha mkombero wa Java, ntchito izi Payenera kukhala mu izo. Taganizirani chitsanzo yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito yopuma:

Ngakhale mawu awa amaperekedwa kwa iterations 11, kunyongedwa 8 kokha chifukwa, pamene kauntala ine ndi wofanana 7, chikhalidwe ntchito imene thupi ali ndi mawu yopuma.

kubwerera woyendetsa umagwira ntchito njira zofanana ndi kusiyana kuti osati apereke linanena bungwe mkombero wa Java, komanso njira, amene aikidwa mu dongosolo.

Kugwiritsa yopuma ngati pitani

Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti yopuma kaye yekha kuti adzizungulira, thupi limene iye mwachindunji, ie, ngati inu ntchito mu kuzungulira Mathithiŵa, ndi kuzungulira akunja sadzaleka ntchito yake. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mawu yopuma angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mtundu yotukuka pitani.

Mu chimake ichi, woyendetsa ntchito molumikizana ndi chizindikiro, amene amalola bungwe osati linanena bungwe la kuzungulira, komanso chipika aliyense code. chizindikiro ndi moyenera wotchedwa dzina ndi m'matumbo pambuyo. chizindikiro amayesedwa pachiyambi pa chipika malamulo ikusonyezedwa. Pakamwa kuphedwa kwa chipika kuwanena, mu malo oyenera muli kunena kuti: yopuma imya_metki. Taganizirani chitsanzo pansipa:

Code, analengeza mayina a midadada atatu ndi zolemba wina, awiri ndi zitatu motero. A mawu yopuma ndi chizindikiro awiri anapatsa zokhumudwitsa zonse zitatu, koma zinayambitsa dongosolo mwa Atatu ndi awiri zotchinga ndi apitiriza kugwiritsa mu Unit wina. Ie mu kutonthoza ndi tiona mauthenga awiri: zitatu ndi Mmodzi.

Pomaliza

Ndife bwino chiphunzitso cha m'zinthu ku Java, pamene ndi ntchito yaikulu, komanso mtundu uliwonse wa zochita-kanthawi, ndipo aliyense, motero. Kumvetsa Mpofunika kuchita Zochita ntchito zizindikiro zosinthira izi mu njira zosiyanasiyana, komanso njira zosiyanasiyana kuti usokoneze iwo ndi kusuntha kwa chipika wina ndi mzake.