Editor VI: lamulo, malangizo, wakhala

A mbadwo watsopano wa makompyuta monga yomangidwa dongosolo m'munsi opaleshoni ndi mawonekedwe mawonekedwe. Lero, ngakhale onse kumbukirani kuti zaka 40 zapitazo, kasamalidwe onse pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo lemba wapadera, ndipo ntchito kompyuta anali ngati munthu kulankhulana mu macheza a. Ndipo ngakhale kusintha kwambiri mu dziko la zamagetsi, panali anthu ambiri anatha yekha lamulo mzere mafani ndi mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo malemba. Mwachitsanzo, VI mkonzi, yomwe ndi chimodzi mwa zida yabwino kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa mukulemba lero. Otsatirawa Kupenda pa zipangizo akuimira VI. Malangizo kwa mkonzi malamulo zikuluzikulu ndi mphamvu - onse lino.

VI ndi chiyani?

Pakati pake penipeni vi ndi wina kuposa mkonzi tingachipeze powerenga mawu, imene inalipo ambiri panthawi kumayambiriro kwa 70 90 mochedwa kwambiri. Izi yl makamaka anayamba mu 1976. Ganizo kukhazikitsa yatsopano ya m'Chingelezi chosavuta lemba mkonzi zinafika povuta Bill Joy, amene anali ndiye ntchito mankhwala ena otchuka - Mkonzi. Malinga Joey ndi anzake, tira anali n'zovuta ndi "zivundi wamba" sakanatha kuchidziwa bwinobwino. Pachifukwa ichi, Dzhordzh Koloris analenga lemba yake mkonzi, amene anali Eti amatchedwa "mkonzi kwa zivundi chabe", ndipo kuti Bill kusinthidwa ndi zinachititsa kuti malingaliro amakono, amene alipo lero.

amafuna System

Palibe prerequisites pa chitukuko cha mzere lamulo ndi akonzi malemba monga VI kulibe. Mukhoza kuyambira zikande ndi pa nsanja aliyense, kaya ndi UNIX ngati kachitidwe (ndi "mafoloko" kwa iwo) kapena kupereka zochokera Linux. Aliyense wa iwo mungakhale nacho VI kwinakwake kapena zina. VI mkonzi wa Windows komanso kulibe.

Zosintha kasitomala

Musanayambe ntchito ndi VI, muyenera kusankha kasitomala yoyenera. Kumene, mungagwiritse ntchito ndi mkonzi pachiyambi, koma adzakhala anthu okhawo akukhudza, ndipo izo zikuwoneka n'zovuta Choncho, kulabadira ntchito zotsatirazi:

• Vim - kusinthidwa buku la mkonzi tingachipeze powerenga. Mbali yaikulu pa mwambowo ndi luso anapereka yophunzitsa mwambo, monga malembedwe Posonyeza, Unicode thandizo, kuthandiza macros, kupulumutsa magawo munthu ndi zina zambiri. Palinso buku ndi mawonekedwe mawonekedwe otchedwa GVim.
• Elvis - mmodzi wa oyeserera loyamba VI, zinalembedwa C chinenero mapulogalamu ndi akupezeka pa nsanja zonse mwakamodzi. Ndi zonse chophimba mkonzi zothandiza Windows ndi malembedwe Posonyeza.
• Chalitsiro - Pofuna kuphatikiza zabwino awiri akonzi otchuka malemba. Mwa anthu okonda akonzi lemba Emacs ndi VI pali wosamwerana madzi payekha. Ville kutukula ndayesera kuphatikiza mbali kiyi wa mapulogalamu onse kuti kupereka owerenga ndi chida zosunthika ntchito ndi malemba.
• Nvi - Classic mkonzi zochokera VI ya, recompiled makamaka kachitidwe FreeBSD.
• Mamba - si ngakhale kasitomala osakwatiwa, koma ndi pulogalamu yowonjezera kwa otchuka Emacs lemba mkonzi kuti amalola kuti atsanzire ndi mkonzi lemba vi akulamula.

Kuyamba ndi VI

Zikuoneka kuti ntchito ndi mkonzi sudzaikidwa download chilichonse. Ambiri Linux-distributions kubwera ndi VI m'gulu. Ndipotu kuthamanga yekha ayenera kulowa lamulo oyenera ndiponso mwachindunji wapamwamba adzatseguka. Ngati mukufuna kutsegula file mu vim, m'pofunika kulemba - «vim * file dzina * .txt». Mwamsanga zitachitika izo, inu Adzaperekedwa chikalata. Kutsegula mu GUI, muyenera m'malo timu pa - «gvim * file dzina * .txt». Poyamba, inu mufika lamulirani mode. Editor VI amakhala ndi ntchito mu modes awiri: Sinthani mawonekedwe ndi mode lamulo. Woyamba ntchito kulowa malemba, ndi wina wa panyanja ndi ntchito ntchito monga kuteteza. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mode lamulo panyanja.

navigation

Kuyamba ndi kuti akudziwa zimene mkonzi malamulo VI kulola kusuntha cholozera mu mpukutuwu. Makamaka ntchito yofunika iyi H, J, K, L, amene ali ndi udindo kayendedwe lamanzere, pansi, ndi bwino, motero. Ndipotu Mabaibulo yamakono ya VI, kuphatikizapo vim ndi likutipatsa "mafoloko", mothandizidwa ndi ntchito ya muvi, koma kukakamiza yekha kugwiritsa ntchito powerenga Baibulo, inu pamapeto pake azolowere ndi kuzindikira kuti kwambiri mofulumira ndi yabwino kwambiri. Mbali yokha yomwe INGATHE kuyambitsa chisokonezo - kulephera kusamukira ku mzere pamwamba ndi H ndi L, anasamukira mmwamba ndi pansi mabatani nthawi zonse ntchito J ndi K. Kusamukira ku chiyambi kapena mapeto a mafungulo mzere ntchito ndi $ 0. Kusamukira pakati pa masamba ntchito Simungachite makiyi Ctrl + F ndi Ctrl + B.

Kusamukira pakati pa mawu yakumadzulo makiyi ntchito, e, b. Mwamsanga kusuntha kwa khalidwe loyamba la mawu lotsatira, atolankhani yakumadzulo. Kusamukira ku khalidwe lomaliza mawu lotsatira, atolankhani E. kuti malo kuti khalidwe loyamba la mawu yapita, atolankhani b. Apanso, pali snag yaing'ono. chakuti zovuta mawu mkonzi ukugawa malo osalembapo ndipo hyphens mawu osiyana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mawu - usiku kuyenda tidzakambirana ndi mawu atatu osiyana. Pofuna kuti tiziwononga nthawi pa analumpha kudutsa mukapeza, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo ndi zilembo zazikulu, ndiko kuti, W pamodzi ndi yakumadzulo kapena B b.

Kwa kudumpha chinanso ntchito parentheses (), ndipo {}. Thandizo loyamba kuyenda pakati ziganizo, ndi ena pakati pa ndime lonse.

Njira yabwino kwambiri kupita - izo ikuyenda mu mizere ndi mawu. Pofuna kulimbikitsa cholozera kwa mzere winawake, muyenera lowetsani nambala mzere ndi G (zikhale likulu G). Kusamukira ku mawu enaake, muyenera kuyamba pofufuza ntchito / khalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kupeza mawu anaphora, kulowa / anaphora ndi dinani Enter. Kusamukira pakati pa mawu kufufuza ntchito makiyi N ndi N.

Mukusintha ndi Kupulumutsa

Kuyamba, kupeza mmene angakwanitsire mkonzi VI. Izi zikhoza kutheka ndi lamulo: Q, amangogogomezera atseka pulogalamu popanda kusintha kulikonse. Dziwani kuti pafupi pulogalamu sizigwira ntchito ngati kusintha kulikonse zinapangidwa kuti mpukutuwu. Mtundu uwu wa chitetezo imfa deta, choncho asanachoke nthawi zonse muyenera kusunga deta analowa. Kupulumutsa VI mkonzi ndi anaphedwa ndi lamulo: yakumadzulo. Magulu akhoza pamodzi. Mwachitsanzo, kalembedwe: wq, inu imodzi kupulumutsa deta ndi kutseka mwambowu. Koma si onse. Ngati mukufuna kupulumutsa chikalata wosinthika monga file latsopano, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo mkonzi VI - «Save kupala" imene akuyendera mwa kulowa: yakumadzulo * file dzina * .txt.

Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za "langwiro" kusintha, amene womangidwa malamulo ofanana popanda kusintha nkhani chikalatacho. Mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa otchulidwa sitidagwiritsa ntchito × kiyi, ndipo J. kiyi ntchito kugwirizana mizere iwiri kwa wina ndi mzake kuchotsa ndi mzere lonse ntchito awiri kukanikiza makiyi d. Sinthanitsani m'nkhaniyi pogwiritsa ntchito makiyi r Mukhoza.

Aliyense malamulo pamwamba, mukhoza kupanga chinthu chokhala (kapena kubwereza kangapo), ntchito kwambiri. (Dontho). Choncho, mwachitsanzo, akhoza kuchotsedwa mizere anayi okha kulowa DD ....

Kulamula akhoza pamodzi. Ife tikudziwa kale kuti mothandizidwa ndi braces) angachititse ku mapeto a mzere, ndipo ndi thandizo la braces}, inu akhoza kulumpha mu mapeto a ndime. Ntchito nawo D kiyi zotheka kuchotsa mizere lonse ndi ndime popanda kuwononga nthawi.

Podziwa VI mkonzi akulamula kuchotsa mawu, muyenera kuphunzira mmene kubwezeretsa zonse zichotsedwa (amene akudziwa zomwe). Chifukwa chaichi, ndi u kiyi, amene amalola inu kutenga sitepe kumbuyo, ziribe kanthu zimene anali anachita kale (pokhapokha, ndithudi, izi si kutsekedwa kwa dongosolo).

Sinthani mawonekedwe

Tsopano muli bwino malamulo kulamulira mkonzi malemba, ndi nthawi yoti mupite ku yomweyo ntchito yake - kulowa meseji. The ndondomeko kwambiri kuloŵa malemba, ndithudi, palibe mosiyana ndi mkonzi wina aliyense, koma ndi kofunika kuti tizikumbukira kuti muli ndi zonse kusinthana pakati kusintha ndi magulu. Kulumikiza kusintha boma ine akanikizire kapena (yekha wa cholozera malo mu lemba kudzadalira). Pambuyo pake, mukhoza yomweyo anayamba yolemba ntchito. Onse a m'lemba adzakhala analowa mu mzere umodzi, bola ngati simugwiritsa ntchito batani inu, amene adzalenga malire atsopano, kapena CC kwa gulu, amene lidzaloŵa m'malo mzere panopa ndi mawu atsopano. Kubwerera ku mode lamulo, ntchito Esc kiyi.

Zooneka mode, Zofanana ndi phala

Kugwiritsa akonzi malemba, ife amagwiritsa ntchito bukuli ndi phala ntchito Malemba. Ife ntchito kwa kiyibodi yachidule Ctrl + C ndi Ctrl + V mu kachitidwe kamakono opaleshoni, kotero ntchito tingaone chovutitsa VI. Ndipotu, angofunika kupita mode zithunzi, ndiye ntchito kale kuphunzira magulu a kusankha ndi kukopera lemba ankafuna. Koperani mkonzi VI (monga phala) amangogwira ntchito pa zithunzi mode wapadera (adamulowetsa ndi kukanikiza v). Mu mode zithunzi m'lembali chikalata wanu anatchula. Anatsindika m'dera zikhoza kusintha pogwiritsa ntchito mafungulo kusuntha ndi ma zace. Kenako kusankha yoyenera dera, monga atolankhani Y kutengera lemba kapena D kudula lake (kuchotsa malo osankhidwa). Amaika lemba losavuta - kusuntha cholozera m'dera anakhumba ndi atolankhani P. lemba The yomweyo m'munda pambuyo cholozera za.

malamulo ovuta

Mu magulu zovuta ndi chifukwa gulu pamodzi. Iwo kale zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, koma iwo ayenera kuganizira kamodzinso, chifukwa kuyamika kuphatikiza zoyenera, mungathe kukwaniritsa zokolola pazipita ndi mayiko.

Mukhozanso ntchito manambala ndi malamulo ena kuyenda. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kusuntha mawu amodzi, ndipo yomweyo 6, mmalo mwa zisanu ndi nthawi kukanikiza yakumadzulo, chabe kulowa 6w. Ndi manambala akhoza pamodzi magulu awiri basi. Mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa mawu angapo, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito d5w gulu kuti kuchotsa mawu 5 basi. Choncho, osakaniza chakudya ndi zichotsa mizere, ndime ndi zina zotero.

Sinthanitsani lemba

Wa mbali zina ndi kupereka mwayi m'malo chunks a m'lemba, komanso zidutswa zofanana onse chikalata lonse. Ndi wokongola zothandiza mwina, makamaka pankhani mapulogalamu kachidindo kapena kudzaza Mbiri lalikulu deta ndi obwereza. Tiyerekeze kuti pali mawu akuti mu mumve za mzere anasankha lemba, koma tifuna kusintha kwa mzake, monga kupereka chakudya cha ganizo. Pankhaniyi, lamulo adzakhala motere - s / mafotokozedwe / kupereka chakudya cha ganizo /. M'malo maumboni onse kuti mafotokozedwe chikalata mwina pang'ono kusokoneza gulu, ndiye lidzaonekera ichi -% s / mafotokozedwe / kupereka chakudya cha ganizo / g.

m'malo mapeto

Kotero tsopano inu mukudziwa momwe angathetsere mkonzi VI. Inu mukudziwa malamulo onse a zazikulu, momwe kusintha ndi kusintha lemba. Tinakumana ndi malamulo othandiza ndi mphamvu. Tsopano ndi nthawi yangwiro kuyesa izo zonse mu ntchito. Ngakhale chikuoneka pang'ono amanyansidwa ndi Chotsekereza mkulu kulowa vi pambuyo yochepa mchitidwe mwina inu chida yabwino ntchito. Chinthu chachikulu - musati mantha, mbiri yonse anaphunzira malamulo, zolembedwa ndi kubwereza izo zonse mu ntchito kuti abweretse maluso atsopano kuti automaticity.