Azamalamulo wofufuzayo Akuluakulu a ku Russia: ntchito ndi maonekedwe a

Wofufuzayo ntchito yakhala yofunika kwambiri ndi zofunika zothandiza anthu. Pafupifupi zaka mazana aŵiri pali dera la milandu, poti lero. Chilichonse chokhudza mbali iyi, komanso ntchito za wofufuzayo azamalamulo ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

chivomerezo

Wapolisiyo-criminalist - ndi wachinyamata, amene anaonekera posachedwapa katswiri. Pa msika ntchito wantchito chotchuka kwambiri ndi zingamuthandize. Yemweyo wakhala ankaona woimira ntchito?

Wapolisiyo criminologist zikugwira ntchito pa gulu la zosiyanasiyanazo ntchito azamalamulo. Cholinga cha ntchito iyi ndi kufufuza kuyambirira zochita chigawenga. Kufufuza ikuchitika ndi kuchita mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito procedural ndi investigative.

Mwina tiyenera pofotokoza ndondomeko ya ntchito pansi review katswiri. Kamodzi pa upandu powonekera kumaliza ntchito, akapitawo apolisi, ngati akulowa Katswiri azamalamulo. akatswiri kulembapo kusonkhanitsa zonse zofunika kuti lipoti chithunzi, kupeza umboni, kuyendera mtembo, zovala ndi zina zotero. D. aliyense, ngakhale zing'onozing'ono ayenera anasonyeza mu mphindi. Mwakucimbidza ayenera ananena kuti katswiri ankaona pagona ntchito yaikulu kulembamo. M'pofunika kulenga chiwerengero amazipanga lalikulu malipoti ndi zochita, kuti agwire ntchito zonse zofunikira mu Laboratories yapadera, ndipo kenako okha tinkapeza tanthauzo lake.

Kumene, wapolisiyo-criminalist P. "- chibvomerezo si kophweka m'dera lino amafuna anthu amene mukufuna kuti athe kupereka moyo wake Forensics Kuti mudziwe zambiri za intricacies onse a ntchito pansi angaganize kutchulidwa hereinafter ..

Trends mu ntchito

Mu sayansi azamalamulo, pali zambiri madera osiyana. Ambiri mwa iwo ndi woyenera wapolisiyo ayenera kudziwa molondola ntchito.
Kodi mungathe kutiuza za malo amenewa?

• Ballistic dera. Izi zikuphatikizapo ntchito ndi mfuti. Iwo anagwira kusanthula akatswiri ndi kutsimikizira zinthu zimene upandu chidaperekedwa. M'pofunika kuwerengera mtunda wa kuwombera, mikhalidwe imene kuwombera uyu anapangidwa, mtundu wa zida ndi zina zotero. D. Kodi ndizofunikira kuti n'kofunika kuti agwire ntchito zimenezi. Nthawi zambiri, ndi chifukwa cha kafukufuku ballistic ndi Kuwulura anachita machimo ambiri.
• Trasological malangizo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa malo wofunika kwambiri ndiponso ofanana mu milandu. Apa pali chimene amatchedwa ntchito ndi minutiae. Fingerprints, kuda kuba m'nyumba, mfundo zosiyanasiyana za zinthu zina - onse chidwi imeneyi malipiro kwa akatswiri ntchito m'munda wa trasologii.
• Graphology dera. Akamanena lonse la kukuchititsa zimenezi zimaonekeratu kale ku mutu: "Graphos" kapena kulemba - ichi ndi limene limafotokoza, ndiwo ntchito ya graphology. Chifukwa cholembedwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana kulemba, graphologists angazindikire mowa kapena mankhwala ena matenda aakulu, etc. Mwa njira, kuti graphology likukhudza avtorovedcheskaya ukatswiri - .. kuzindikiridwa ndi lemba kusanthula kudziwa wolemba awo, malo chilengedwe mapepala, ndi zina zotero. .
• Phonoscopic malangizo. Akatswiri a m'dera lino akuyendayenda zosiyanasiyana zili wailesi ndi video, kuti kuzindikira mawu a munthu winawake. njira zimenezi ntchito infrequently, koma ndi zofunika kwambiri sayansi azamalamulo.
• Kupenda zipangizo zachiwawa ndi zinthu. Akatswiri mbali iyi, momwe izo zinaliri kale Choonekera kuchokera kwa mutu, yesani kuzindikira malo, nthawi, zinthu ndi zinthu kuphulika, ndipo zina. D.
• Zala malangizo. Antchito a m'dera limeneli ntchito ndi Fingerprints. Pafupi malowa ndi kuphunzira DNA - chizindikiritso cha munthu ndi kusanthula dongosolo DNA.

Ntchito wofufuzayo azamalamulo anyamula zosiyanasiyana malo ena. Zonsezi zikuloza ku choona chenicheni ntchito ankaona povuta zovuta ndi zovuta, koma pa nthawi yomweyo kwambiri.

Zofunika kwa wofufuzayo azamalamulo

Wapolisiyo criminologist ayenera apatsidwa nzeru zina kugwira ntchito. Kodi tikambirana katswiri ayenera kudziwa zimene ayenera nalo lingaliro?

Woyamba azamalamulo wapolisiyo ayenera kudziwa ku Russia Constitution la dziko. Komanso, woimira ntchito ayenera kuonedwa kuti Kuganizira waukulu zida mayiko malamulo ndi mapangano Russia, yomwe zonse za ufulu ndi kumasulika kwa anthu. Mafunso ndi mitu chifukwa cha mgwirizano wa mayiko mu munda wa malamulo a boma ayenera kuonedwa katswiri mu munda wa milandu. Komanso, katswiri ayenera kudziwa:

• malamulo Federal ndi malamulo oyendetsera dziko.
• Various zolimbana zochita la Russia, mwanjira ina zikugwirizana ndi ntchito katswiri wa ntchito yofufuza ndi.
• zochita Normative malamulo mu dipatimenti wake m'Komiti ya Investigative.
• Malamulo ndi malangizo okhudzana ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe, komanso maudindo ndi maudindo a wofufuzayo, amene amapereka RF Constitutional Court, ndi Supreme Court ndi Supreme chigamulo mabwalo amilandu. A katswiri woyenera ayenera kudziwa za zikusonyeza a Khoti Loona za Ufulu wa Anthu (pokhapokha ngati njira chisankho ina chokhudzana ndi ntchito ya wapolisiyo ndi malamulo a boma).
• Ndizosowa malamulo miyambo.
• Malangizo, madongosolo ndi zinthu zina normative wa RF IC.
• Chikhazikitso cha mwambo ndi khalidwe boma la a boma mu RF IC.
• Chikhazikitso cha kulankhulana malonda.
• Malamulo a panyumba.
• Chikhazikitso cha chitetezo.
• Ndondomeko ndi malamulo a ntchito ndi ziwerengero ndi zolemba zosiyanasiyana.
• Chikhazikitso cha avale, ntchito ndi kusunga zida.

Kumene, oimira ntchito ankaona ayenera kudziwa ndi zinthu zina zambiri. Pamwamba dzina lake kokha khalidwe la ofunika kwambiri ndi nkhani ayenera kuphunzira ndi oimira Komiti Investigative.

Kodi ndi makhalidwe ayenera criminologist?

Ngati wantchito wina aliyense, ndipo wapolisiyo-criminalist UK uyenera kukhala ndi makhalidwe ena angapo ndi makhalidwe amene kupanga ntchito adzakhala kwambiri opindulitsa ndi mulingo woyenera. Lokhudza pano?

Oyenerera katswiri ntchito mu dongosolo la UK - wofufuzayo-criminalist la Chitaganya cha Russian - kukhala oona mtima ndi mfundo za munthu. Katswiri mu munda wa milandu ayenera kukhala ozizira ndi nkhanza, koma pa nthawi yomweyo tcheru, wodzichepetsa ndi munthu makhalidwe. Akuti katswiri uyenera kukhala wanzeru kwambiri akupangidwa ndi erudition kwambiri, ndipo, kumlingo, maganizo a kulenga. N'zokayikitsa kuti katswiri zabwino wofufuzayo opanda luso mawunikidwe amene sangathe mwamsanga ndipo mosavuta ndikuganiza. M'pofunikanso kukumbukira, makhalidwe ofunika kwambiri akatswiri monga nkhawa, kwambiri luso ndi ntchito bwino, kulankhula (zomwe, poyamba, mu wapolisiyo kuli kofunika kwambiri). A woyenera azamalamulo wapolisiyo ayenera kutha kuyambitsa kukambirana ndi alendo nazo wekha. Kunena mwachidule, munthu malipoti ziyenera kukhala ndi wachikoka munthu.

Ngati makhalidwe onse a pamwamba ndi makhalidwe kale, kapena angathe - msewu, UK Russia lotseguka.

Ntchito ndi ntchito za wofufuzayo azamalamulo

Wofufuzayo azamalamulo investigative komiti ya Russia ali osiyanasiyana kwambiri ntchito ndi maudindo. Ndicho chifukwa chake ntchito mu funso si abwino aliyense. Koma Dziwani yofunika kwambiri, ngakhale pang'ono chinthu zotengera malingaliridwe: ntchito ndi chidwi. N'zokayikitsa kuti pali munthu mmodzi akugwira malo a wofufuzayo azamalamulo, amene ananena kuti ntchito n'kotopetsa, ndipo sindichita kanthu mwa izo. Choncho, mtundu wa ntchito kumafunika kuti tigwire woimira ntchito takambirana?

• Imayenera ntchito ndalama zoperekedwa ndi malamulo, kuteteza ufulu ndi kumasulika kwa Chitaganya cha Russia. Kukhazikitsidwa yake ya miyeso kuthetsa kuyan'anila za malamulo panopa.
• Pa mlingo woyenera wa chigawenga, chigawenga-procedural, utsogoleri, boma, ndi ena. Malamulo ndi waluso kuzigwiritsa ntchito mu ntchito.
• Kukhazikitsa mfundo zosiyanasiyana njira, njira ndi njira zogwiritsa milandu la milandu chigawenga. Luso ntchito pang'onopang'ono.
• Udindo kuthandiza kukhazikitsa milandu azamalamulo zigawenga omwe kupanga.
• ntchito kupereka zotheka thandizo SC Ofufuza pa zosiyanasiyana zofunika: za luso azamalamulo, njira zosiyanasiyana investigative, njira, etc ...
• Imodzi mwa ntchito zofunikira kwambiri kwa wofufuzayo azamalamulo - Ntchito ndi zolembedwa. Kufunika protocol chitukuko, zochita zalamulo, etc.
• udindo kulankhula poyera ndi mtsutso, pomvera makhalidwe a akatswiri.
• Ntchito makompyuta ndi mapulogalamu zonse zofunikira.
• Choyenera kuchita phwando ndi kulembetsa kwa milandu ndi mauthenga ena atilakwira.
• kufufuza kuyambirira ntchito.
• Nawo kuganizira ndi mabwalo a milandu ingapo chigawenga.
• The udindo yake kutsimikizira ndi kuwonjezera luso lawo.

Choncho, ntchito ndi maudindo a anthu a ntchito pansi pa kuganizira kwenikweni kwambiri. Komanso, pamwamba anali kudziŵika osati ntchito zonse zikusonyeza katswiri mu munda wa milandu. Koma anthu amene ali ndi chidwi pantchitoyo uyu, ndi kuchita zonse zolinga zawo ndi kupeza ntchito RF IC.

Koyenera kuti mapangidwe

Pofuna kupeza ntchito RF IC, muyenera kupeza maphunziro oyenera. Kodi n'zotheka chiwawa, kudzitchula "azamalamulo wofufuzayo"?

Job sungagulire osaphunzira kwambiri. Ndipo kodi ukatswiri maphunziro lidzakhala lilipo wa nkhani ntchito? Izi, kumene, "lamulo" ndi "azamalamulo Kupenda". Kulembetsa maphunziro apamwamba bungwe m'madi- amenewa mayeso boma kudali khalidwe la "Chirasha", "Mbiri" ndi "sayansi anthu." Dziwani kuti ntchito RF IC ndi amazipanga osiyanasiyana. Pamafunika anthu osati malamulo, komanso Mwachitsanzo, galimoto-luso, miyala, maphunziro ndi zachuma, ndi anthu ena. Koma kuti kukhala wofufuzayo akatswiri ndi chiwawa ndi mphamvu ya Chilamulo.

Mwina, ife atchule ena mayunivesite otchuka a dziko, kukonza akatswiri mu malangizo akuphunzira. Njirazi ndi monga:

• Russian maphunziro malamulo bungwe.
• Moscow State University.
• University State wa Management.
• Academy of Labor ndi Social Affairs ndi mabungwe ena maphunziro.

Kuyenera anati chiyani za kupezeka kwa maphunziro yeniyeni kuti maphunziro oyenera. Mwa njira, udindo amenewa akhoza imapezeka mwachindunji ku nyumba ya RF IC.

Mungapezeko ntchito

Ena sakhala bwino anthu adakali kumeneko, ngakhale banal, koma funso lofunika kwambiri: kumene, mfundo, n'zotheka kuti agwire ntchito yake? Ndithu zambiri mphamvu kupezeka kwa Ofufuza azamalamulo. Malo a ntchito yawo akatswiri motero, komanso zinthu zambiri ndithu.

Ndipotu zonse lophweka. Oyamba Ofufuza, anamaliza maphunziro yunivesite imakonzedwa, monga ulamuliro, kugwira ntchito mu mabungwe omwe si phindu anthu. Ndi wosiyana ndi mabungwe yazamalamulo monga Office khoti linalamula, komiti investigative, ndi zina zotero. D. Palinso mayeso wapadera boma malo.

ndodo Professional, chaka kuposa wina atumikira zapaderazi awo, akhoza anakonza mu matupi kwambiri yapamwamba. Monga ulamuliro, awa ali mseri dongosolo azamalamulo. Zikuphatikizapo Laboratories, malo kafukufuku mabungwe Katswiri, ndi zina zotero D..

ziyembekezo Professional

Monga ntchito ina iliyonse ukachenjede zokhudzana ndi milandu, ali chiyembekezo ndi mwayi ntchito yake. zinthu zingapo zokhudza ntchito yawo amaonedwa katswiri amatha Code. Wapolisiyo-criminalist Komabe, mwayi kwambiri kupititsa patsogolo luso lawo. Komabe, mwina yekha pa nkhani ya kugwira ntchito mwakhama luso lawo. Choncho, kodi tingayembekezere woimira ntchito pansi pa kuganizira likhoza maphunziro mobwerezabwereza?

Pa chiyambi cha ntchito yanu, mukhoza ntchito pokhapokha kuthandiza azamalamulo kapena choyezera wothandizira. Anakudzula zinachitikira yake, mukhoza kusankha imodzi mwa njira ziwiri - kaya ntchito ku kampani achinsinsi, kapena pang'ono lolunjika zapaderazi. pophunzitsidwa zina angapereke udindo monga mkulu wofufuzayo criminologist, Wachiwiri mutu kapena mutu wa Dipatimenti.

kuipa ntchito

Zolakwa ntchito wakupatsani kwenikweni kwambiri. Lokhudza pano?

• Jobs, amene anali kunena kuti, kwenikweni "zonyansa". Muzigwirizana ndi matupi akufa, oipa ndi sakonda kwambiri umunthu - zonse zimene kwambiri bwanji khalidwe la munthu ntchito m'munda wa milandu. Choncho, tiyenera kukumbukira za nokha ndi thanzi maganizo anu. Tiyenera kukhalabe olimba mwauzimu, mwankhanzaku munthu.
• Mtima woipa wa anthu ambiri mabungwe yazamalamulo ambiri. Kodi ofunika ponena kuti maganizo a anthu Ofufuza, kuti apolisi, za malamulo Kayendesedwe Wachifwamba. Wapolisiyo-criminalist zambiri zowawa kuukira zonse.
• Small malipiro.

Kuipa pa ntchito imeneyi, ndithudi, sikuthetsa kumeneko. Pamwamba dzina lake okha zovuta zofunika pafupipafupi wa luso.

ubwino ntchito

Ubwino pantchito ambiri. Mwina, wolembedwa ntchito aliyense mu milandu zedi kupeza chabwino nokha. Komabe, inu kusankha ubwino chachikulu cha ntchito:

• Kuchuluka chitonthozo ntchito zinthu. Oddly zokwanira, koma izo nzoona. Ndipo izo zimachitika makamaka chifukwa kukhazikitsa luso latsopano.
• Posachedwapa njira ntchito. Akatswiri ali ndi ufulu kupereka patsogolo luso lawo. Mphamvu ya wapolisiyo azamalamulo, ndithudi, nawonso kukodzedwa. Koma tiyenera kukumbukira za zinthu zofunika monga kuwonjezeka malipiro.
• Mchitidwe wokhala ntchito wonse.

Wapolisiyo-criminalist - katswiri pomwe chenicheni kwa anthu. Onse amene akufuna ntchito m'madera ankaona ayeneranso kuyesetsa kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo ndi kukhala katswiri mu RF IC.