Chikumbutso chachikulu "Khatyn": mbiri, ndondomeko, njira

Mzinda wachikumbutso wa Khatyn m'chigawo cha Minsk ku Belarus lero ndi chimodzi mwa zipilala zofunika kwambiri pa nkhondo yachiŵiri yapadziko lonse.

Mbiri Yachidule Yotchulidwa

Khatyn Memorial ndi msonkho kwa anthu mamiliyoni atatu a ku Belarussia omwe adafa pa Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachikhalidwe. Malowa ali pamtunda wa makilomita 54 kumpoto -kummawa kwa Minsk ku Republic of Belarus.

Mpaka pano, 1943, Khatyn anali mudzi wamba wa ku Belarus kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Minsk. Koma pa March 22, 1943, atatha kusinthanitsa anthu a ku Soviet ndi anthu otchuka a ku Soviet, kumene wapolisi wa ku Germany anaphedwa, asilikali ankhondo anazinga mudziwo.

Ajeremani okhala ndi nkhondo atseka anthu onse a m'tawuni yaikulu, ndikuwotcha. Pa tsiku limenelo, anthu pafupifupi 160 anatenthedwa amoyo, 75 mwa iwo anali ana. Pa tsiku loopsyali, anthu asanu ndi limodzi anapulumutsidwa. Ena mwa iwo anali Joseph Kaminsky wa zaka 56. Anatha kupeza mwana wake wovulala, koma sanathe kuugwira m'manja. Anali ndi zilonda zam'mimba m'mimba, komanso ankawotcha zambiri.

Mbiri ya mudziwu, kumene nyumba ya chikumbutso ya Khatyn ilipo tsopano, si yodabwitsa. Pa Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachikristu, anthu okhala m'midzi ndi midzi 628 ya ku Belarus anawotchedwa amoyo ndi a Nazi. Zinachitika kuti midzi 186 kuchokera mndandandawo sinayambirenso.

Nkhondo itatha, pa malo a mudzi wakale, ulamuliro wa Soviet unakhazikitsa chikumbukiro cha "Khatyn". Anamangidwa kukumbukira onse amene adafa m'mayiko a Belarus. Kumanga chipilala kuchokera ku midzi 185 yosaphunzitsidwa, nthaka inabweretsedwa. Ichi chinapanga manda ophiphiritsira.

Kotero, Khatyn anakhala mudzi wa 186 - malo a manda otentha awa. Ndicho chifukwa chake malowa anakhala imodzi mwa malo ofunika kwambiri ku chikumbutso ku malo a Soviet.

Kodi nyumba yokumbutsa ya Khatyn ndi yotani masiku ano?

Kutsegulidwa kwa chikumbutso kunachitika pa July 5, 1969. Amanena mobwerezabwereza dongosolo la mudzi wakale.

Pakatikati mwa zovutazi ndi chifaniziro cha mamita asanu ndi imodzi chotchedwa "Munthu Wodzichepetsa" - ichi ndi msonkho kwa Joseph Kaminsky ndi mwana wake. Poyang'anitsitsa, alendo a maofesiwa amamva ululu ndi ululu wa imfa. M'malo mwa nkhokwe kumene Khatyns inali kuyaka, denga lakuda lachitsulo linaikidwa, lomwe linali pa granari. Pambuyo pake ndi manda wamba omwe ali ndi nsonga yakumbukira, yomwe pamakhala mawu omwe amauzidwa kwa akufa kwa amoyo.

Malingana ndi zolembedwa zomwe zikupezeka, zimadziwika kuti panali nyumba 26 ku Khatyn. Akatswiri osungira malo pa malo a nyumba yoonongeka anamanga chipika, mkati mwake muli chiboliboli, chokumbutsa mawonekedwe a chimbudzi, chomwe chiri ndi belu kuchokera kumwamba. Kukhazikika kwa munda wa Khatyn sikungosokonezedwa ndi mbalame zokha, komanso ndi kukumbukira kwa belu za zochitika zoopsa pa March 22, 1943.

Mzinda wophiphiritsira umatsatira Manda a midzi yopsereza. Kumeneku kunali kuti urns zinaperekedwa kudziko kuchokera kumidzi 185 yosaphunzitsidwa. Pafupi ndi iwo adakhazikitsa "Wall of Sorrow". Zimapangidwa ndi chipika chokongoletsedwa chokhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyana. Iwo anaika mbale zosakumbukika ndi mayina a misasa yambiri ya imfa ndi malo omwe anthu amafa kwambiri.

Khatyn Memorial Complex, chithunzi chimene mukuwona pansipa, chimatha ndi Chikumbutso. Pakatikati mumakula mitengo itatu, yomwe ikuimira moyo. Malo achinayi birch amayaka moto wamoto. Pafupi ndi "Mtengo wa Moyo", womwe uli mndandanda wa midzi 433. Atangotenthedwa ndi adaniwo. Komabe, nkhondo itatha iwo anamangidwanso.

Mu 2004 chikumbutsocho chinamangidwanso.

Chikumbutso chophatikiza "Khatyn": momwe mungachitire kumeneko?

Kuti tibwerere ku malo ano, palibe chovuta kuchita sikofunikira. Zokwanira kupita ku desiki yokaona ndikugula tikiti. Ubwino waulendo uwu ndikuti simudzasokonezeka ponseponse, chifukwa wotsogolerawo adzakuuzani za zochitika ndi nkhondo m'mayiko a Belarus.

Pali njira ina - ulendo pa galimoto yanu. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuchoka pamsewu waukulu M3 (Minsk-Vitebsk). Mutatha kudutsa, pamtunda wa 54 mudzalandira chizindikiro chotchedwa "Khatyn". Tsatirani izi, patatha 5 km mudzafike kumalo osungirako ndikumva chisoni.

Pa chikumbutso "Khatyn" adiresi yomwe tikuidziwa kwaife ikusowa. Muyenera kutsogoleredwa ndi mfundo yakuti mukufunafuna kuthetsa.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito

Ingokumbukirani kuti tsiku lotsatira ndi Lolemba. Kwa iwo amene akufuna kudzaona chithunzi chowonetserako chithunzichi, dziwani kuti imatsegula pa 10:30, ndipo imatha nthawi ya 4 koloko madzulo.

Ntchito yopitako alendo ikuyamba nthawi yomweyo, koma imatha ola limodzi kale, lomwe liri 15:00.

Chikwama cholowera kwa ana a sukulu ndi ophunzira chimawononga 5 ruble la Belarusian. Tiketi ya anthu onse - 8 mabakiteriya.

Kutsiliza

Khatyn ndi umboni wina wa zochitika zoopsa za Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachikhalidwe. Ana amakono ayenera kudziwa ndi kukumbukira zoopsa izi. Atsogoleri ena andale omwe ali m'malo a Soviet amafuna kuti zikhale zolakwa zowopsya za Fascist Germany. Anthu masiku ano sayenera kuvomereza maganizo awa! Ndipotu maganizo a Nazism ndi neo-Nazism sadzabweretsa mtendere padziko lonse lapansi.

Phunzirani nkhaniyi ndi ana anu, chifukwa amawerenga kuti asapange zolakwika zakale!