Chiwerengero cha m'dera Orenburg: chiwerengero ndi mitundu zikuchokera

Chiwerengero cha m'dera Orenburg panopa waima pa anthu miliyoni 1.989 589. Deta yotere kwa 2017 zotsatira Rosstat. Monga mu Russia lonse, chiwerengero cha anthu okhala m'matauni kuposa akumidzi. M'mizinda, kunyumba kwa 60% ya Orenburg. Pankhaniyi, anthu kachulukidwe ndi anthu 16 pa kilometre lalikulu, monga chizindikiro ichi, derali lili pa malo 49 mu dziko pakati pa Perm Gawo ndi dera Novosibirsk.

Anthu a m'dera Orenburg

Chiwerengero cha m'dera Orenburg wakhala likunena kuchepekela zisakuyenda bwino. Ndipo mpaka 90 m'ma unakulira. Pachimake anafikira mu 1996, pamene dera anali anthu 2,218,000 52 anthu. Kuyambira pamenepo, chiwerengero cha Orenburg dera anthu amachepetsa chaka chilichonse. Kwa zaka 20, kuchepa analipo anthu 30. zikwi.

Nthawi zambiri, ziwerengero pa munda wa ku Russia ikuchitika kuyambira 1897. Kenako mu Orenburg ndi mizinda ina, m'matauni ndi m'midzi pa funsoli, anthu angati m'dera Orenburg, statisticians anapereka kanjedza chake molondola. Total 1,600,000 145 anthu chinalembedwa.

mphamvu zobereka

Chiwerengero cha ana obadwa mu dera Orenburg mu chiwerengero 1000 ndi anthu 14,6. kukula kwambiri chizindikiro ichi anafotokoza mu 2000s oyambirira. Choncho, ngati mu 1999 mwana anabadwa, 9,1 pa chikwi, ndiye, patapita zaka zitatu chithunzi ananyamuka ndi oposa mayunitsi theka.

kukula mosalekeza pa mlingo kubadwa m'chigawo anali anakhalabe mpaka 2010, pamene mwana anali 14,1 pa zikwi anthu. Pambuyo chaka chino bwino, alternating ndi zinalephereka mawu a chonde.

Trends mu imfa

Cacikulu, zaposachedwapa, ukuwonjezeka amafa m'dera Orenburg. Izi ndithu kuganizira mmene anthu a m'dera Orenburg lero.

ziwerengero mosamala pa imfa imachitika kuyambira 1970. Ndiye, pa anthu chikwi anafa 7.9 munthu. Kuyambira pamenepo, chiwerengero cha kufa kuchuluka pachaka. Mu 2005, chithunzi ichi kuchuluka pafupifupi kawiri ndi wapanga kufa 15 ndi theka kale pa anthu chikwi. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, zaumoyo m'derali, komanso dziko lonse, kwa tcheru. Choncho, ziwerengero zamanga ziziyenda. Malinga deta atsopano ku Rosstat, mu Orenburg zikwi amafa chaka cha 14,2 munthu.

Ma wa dera Orenburg

Chiwerengero cha m'dera Orenburg ndi anagawira pa zigawo 35. Mwa iwo pali atsogoleri ndi laggards chiwerengero cha anthu. Mphamvu ya mizinda yambiri ena otukuka mmene muli mafakitale, ziyembekezo za chitukuko ndi chuma. Ochokera m'madera m'mbuyo anthu akusiya paulendo gulu lonselo ankaliphera pamodzi chaka chilichonse mu Orenburg ndi madera oyandikana nawo.

Chiwerengero cha m'maboma a chigawo Orenburg ali makamaka kuchepekela zisakuyenda bwino. mtsogoleri Pervomaisky chigawo cha likulu m'mudzi wa Pervomaisk. Apa moyo 90 zikwi anthu. Pankhaniyi, dera lalikulu la chuma ndi chitukuko cha ulimi. Pervoymaysky imakhazikika nyama ndi ng'ombe za mkaka ndi kukula tirigu. M'deralo pali 18 lalikulu ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe minda, komanso pafupifupi mazana minda wamba. Pali m'dera ndi mafakitale. Panopa chitukuko cha mafakitale mafuta. Bomalo Pervomaisky anaika mozungulira 800 makilomita wa mapaipi mpweya.

Pakati laggards ali Matveyevsky District, ili mu dera kumpoto. Apa moyo 11 okha zikwi 209 anthu. The likulu kuli mudzi Matveyevka. dera anayamba ulimi yekha. Companies okhazikika mu kulima mbatata ndi mpendadzuwa. Atatu mwa mukupanga (ofanana ndi minda Soviet losonkhanitsidwa) akugwira ntchito m'dera ndi angapo amalonda payekha.

Nthawi zambiri, Orenburg dera - pompopompo osauka Russian dera. Mwa zigawo mafuta yotulutsa la Russia, iye pachikhalidwe chachinayi. Chimachititsa 4.5% ya mafuta onse amene amapangidwa mu Russia. N'zosadabwitsa kuti makampani mafuta ndi gawo kutsogolera. m'minda kwambiri mafuta anaikira mu kale chigawo Pervomaisky, komanso Sorochinsk ndi Kurmanaevskaya.

Mafuta, amene ali olemera mu dera Orenburg, ndi mbali yofunika ya nkhokwe Volga-Ural ya mchere izi. Kukhala minda mafuta m'madera zinayamba mu 30 ntchentche za m'ma XX pafupi ndi tauni ya Buguruslan. Lero, malo mafuta mwankhanza zonse likukula.

dera City Orenburg

Orenburg dera mzinda mawu alionse ali kwambiri kuposa madera akumidzi. Mu malo oyandikana ndi kwanu pafupifupi 580.000 anthu. A pamodzi inalipo mizinda 21 Orenburg dera.

m'mizinda ikuluikulu ndi m'midzi, kuwonjezera Orenburg ndi Orsk (235,000 okhala), Novotroick (96 zikwi) ndi Busuluk (85 zikwi).

Orsk chitukuko cha mafakitale. Mabizinezi ntchito luso lopanga, mafuta kuyenga, nonferrous zitsulo, kufufuza, mphamvu, zomanga ndi mafakitale chakudya.

Novotroitsk chuma zachokera makampani nawo kupanga malonda, zitsulo, processing zinyalala ndi zidutswa za zitsulo akakhala, ulimi wa chakudya. Gradoobrazujushchim ndi JSC "Ural Zitsulo". Ndi zitsulo waukulu kuphatikiza.

Buzuluk mu 60s wa atumwi wotsiriza, mwachangu odzipereka minda mafuta. Companies ngakhale anatha kulowa msika lonse, ndi Buzuluk wotchedwa mafuta likulu la dera Orenburg. Komabe, zaka khumi otsiriza a makampani pafupifupi kanthu katsalira. Tatseka lalikulu mipando fakitale, makina zomanga mafakitale apita akupsya, ndi makampani a mafuta ndi gasi makampani wakhala dontho la mafuta. Choncho Buzuluk lero amakhalabe umodzi mwa mizinda kwambiri maganizo a m'chigawochi.

Orenburg

Waukulu m'tawuni anthu a m'dera Orenburg ali anaikira mu likulu oyandikana. Apa pali zambiri kuposa kotala la anthu onse a m'deralo.

mzinda anakhazikitsidwa mu 1743 pa malo Berd Linga. Today mu Orenburg bwino anayamba chuma. Makampani zochokera yopanga gasi ndi mafakitale mpweya processing, komanso processing zitsulo ndi luso lopanga. Ntchito makampani mankhwala, kuwala ndi chakudya mafakitale.

Muyenera kuonetsetsa JSC "Orenshal" wa ogwira ntchito yapadera imene tikugwira yopanga wotchuka Orenburg downy shawls kusiya ananenanso kuphatikiza Orenburg shawls. The kampani "Dzhon Dir Lazaro" umabala zipangizo zaulimi.

Chiyambireni cha m'ma XXI zinthu zinalili mu Orenburg kukhazikika pambuyo mavuto 90s. ногом связаны с успешным развитием предприятия "Газпром добыча Оренбург". The kupambana chuma mzinda nogom mamita kugwirizana ndi kukula bwino kampani "Gazprom migodi Orenburg".

Yogwira ntchito yomanga nyumba yatsopano anayamba University Orenburg, panali masiku ano zipangizo masewera, ethnographic zovuta "National Village".

The zikuchokera kwa anthu a m'dera Orenburg

anthu ambiri a m'dera Orenburg za mtundu Russian. Chiwerengero chawo pafupifupi 75%. Mu malo Chitata chachiwiri - mu chigawo ndi pafupifupi 7.5% ya anthu a mtundu uwu, mu malo lachitatu Kazakhs - pafupifupi 6%.

Opitirira awiri peresenti mu dera ali kunyumba kwa Ukrainians ndi Bashkirs. Pang'ono zosakwana cent awiri pa za akuluakulu a dziko Mordovian.

chiwerengero cha anthu otsala a m'derali si upambana 1%. Pafupifupi ndi peresenti theka la anthu onse pa kalembera otsiriza anakana amasonyeza mtundu wake.

Anthu zakwawoko wa Orenburg

Poyamba, anthu ambiri a m'deralo Orenburg unakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha Chitata. Tsopano m'chigawo awo pali anthu pafupifupi 150 zikwi. Chitata anali anthu choyambirira cha Orenburg. Tsopano iwo moyo chogwiritsira pa dera la zigawo zingapo - Abdulinsky, Buguruslan, Krasnogvardeisky, Matveevskoe, Tashlin ndi Sharlykskoe.

Okwana dera inali pafupifupi 90 Chitata midzi, kumene chiwerengero cha anthu a dziko lino ponseponse. Mu mizinda ndi midzi ya m'chilankhulo cha Chitata ali kusukulu, 34 zamkaka Chitata anapeza m'dera Orenburg. zoposa 70 mizikiti ntchito m'dera Orenburg.

Orenburg Bashkirs

Yofunika kwambiri mu mapangidwe zikuchokera dziko la Orenburg dera kusewera Bashkirs. Ambiri a iwo amakhala mu Orenburg - zisanu ndi zikwi theka.

Mu Orenburg pali zipilala ambiri odzipereka kwa chikhalidwe ndi mbiri ya anthu Bashkir. The likulu la dera ndi chipilala Caravanserai. Nkhaniyi ndi mapulani zovuta, chomwe anachipanga mu zaka za m'ma XIX. Zovuta inamangidwa pa zopereka. Iwo munali malo okhala a mkulu wa asilikali Bashkir. Panali Map kwa Bashkirs, amene nthawi zonse anapita Orenburg bizinesi. Lenilenilo zovuta tichipeza Bashkir wowerengeka nyumba ndi mzikiti. Mlembi wa polojekiti choyambirira - wamanga Alexander Bryullov, amene anayambitsa makongoletsedwe la nyumba yaikulu ya mwambo m'mudzi Bashkir.

Pa Civil nkhondo Caravanserai anali malo okhala a boma la Bashkiria. Mu 1917, pamsonkhano, anaganiza kukhazikitsa Kupititsa kudziyimira pawokha Bashkurdistan, amene anali kulowa ndi Orenburg Province.