Diso - wina mbali yofunika kwambiri pa diso la munthu

Imodzi mwa mbali zofunika kwambiri pa diso la munthu ndi diso, amene amateteza izo zisaonongeke ndi matenda. Komabe, ndi iye ali pachiopsezo kwambiri, poyera matenda osiyanasiyana.

Diso amateteza gawo kutsogolo kwake ndi mzikiti zooneka kunja pamwamba pa diso; Lili Mitsempha palibe ankafunika kupereka ochuluka a zimakhala anthu, losiyana homogeneity kuwala. Kuti qualitatively refract kuwala, ndi diso ayenera kukhala mandala, pamaso pa ngakhale ziwiya ochepa adzakhala kutisokoneza izi. The diso refractive diso ndi 43 diopters. mphamvu yake amalandira makamaka misozi ndi nthabwala amadzimadzi kutsogolo m'chipinda.

Diso zambiri poyerekeza ndi maola galasi, anaikapo mu chimango, kuyambira kupindika kwa diso lokha penapake wamkulu kuposa kupindika sclera lapansi. Diso tichipeza zigawo zisanu lililonse lili ndi ntchito yake yofunika: epithelium, Kakhungu Descemet ndi wosanjikiza Bowman a, endothelium, stroma.

Front wosanjikiza - epithelium - aumbike ku lathyathyathya maselo polygonal. Chotsatira ndi wosanjikiza Bowman - homogeneous structureless kutsogolo mbale malire. Kwenikweni yokha corneal stroma chinthu akutchedwa, izo wapangidwa ndi mbale woonda kwambiri connective, alternating ndi mzake munali kuchuluka fibrils wochenjera. Paudindo chinthu zomatira amachita mucoid Ndikukhala asidi ake sulfogialuronovuyu zikuchokera kuti amapereka chilungamo cha diso la. The stroma lili ziwiya magazi, ndipo pang'onopang'ono akuchira. chipolopolo Descemet, kapena Kakhungu, kumbuyo, yowirira kwambiri, malire mbale, fibrils ake zigwirizana wa zinthu zapadera zomwe ndi zofanana kwa kolajeni ndi; izo zimamusintha bwino. The endothelium (corneal epithelium kapena kumbuyo) - ndi wandiweyani wosanjikiza lathyathyathya hexagonal contiguous maselo prismatic. wosanjikiza Ichi ndi udindo kwa chilungamo cha diso ndipo sanabwezeredwe.

Kapangidwe ka diso ndi 80% madzi, 18% ya kolajeni okhazikika, 2% mucopolysaccharides, lipids, mapuloteni, C mavitamini, B, neri Al Kodi diso okalamba lili ndalama laling'ono kwambiri mavitamini ndi chinyezi., Izo chimakhala chogwidwa globulin mapuloteni tuzigawo twa ndipo anamuika salt kashiamu ndi lipids. Chifukwa cha kusintha ndi kusintha kusintha kwa diso (a limbus) mu sclera ndi - zigawo scleral anayamba "popachika" pa diso ndi aonekera wotchedwa gerontoxon yafupika corneal tilinazo ndi mphamvu yake refractive. Komanso, kwambiri yafupika permeability kuti madontho diso, mafuta ndi chakudya.

Tilinazo wa diso (innervation) trigeminal mitsempha. Makamaka zambiri mathero mitsempha zigawo chabe, wamng'ono - mu endothelium lapansi. Makanda obadwa kumene, diso ndi chisoni chifukwa cha chitukuko chosakwanira cha misempha cranial, ndipo pa zaka chaka chimodzi, tilinazo ake ndi pafupi zofanana monga akuluakulu.

Chifukwa chakuti diso - chipolopolo kunja kwa diso, ndi zonse pokhudzana ndi chilengedwe kunja. Choncho, pali njira yapadera kuti adziteteze ku mavuto kuchokera kunja ndi kuvulala:

1. Reflex kutseka maso,
2. Ankatenthetsa ndi wothandizila corneal zoipa mwa madzimadzi lacrimal;
3. Mofulumira ndi wathunthu ayambe epithelium lapansi.

matenda akuluakulu a diso ndi: kakulidwe kuvutika, dystrophic ndi njira yotupa (sclerites keratitis) ndi zotupa.

maso keratitis kapena corneal kutupa pathologies mwa ambiri. Keratitis ndi exogenous ndipo amkati. Nthawi zambiri, pambuyo akuvutika keratitis ndi clouding wa diso la osiyanasiyana mwamphamvu. Malinga ndi mphamvu ya mtambo ndi phindu lake kusiyanitsa mtambo mu mawonekedwe a maso, mawanga ndi mitambo. Munga ndi clouding khola la diso, ndilo chifukwa amamuyambitsa timabala, corneal ankalamulira ankakakamiza gawo kapena onse diso la. Malo - ndi kulimbikira kwambiri corneal Kuwonekera m'mbali lakuthwa pa periphery kapena pakati. Mtambo okha amaona imvi mtundu umene nkomwe anagwidwa pa kumupima.