Female asilikaliwo ku Japan. Wotchuka onna-bugeisha

Mkazi asilikaliwo - kodi n'zotheka? Mu ang'onoang'ono Japan, osati oimira kugonana mphamvu akhoza kuphunzira chida. Mbiri imasonyeza kuti ngakhale dziko lino ndiwofatsa ankakhala kwambiri kwa akazi omwe si wochepa ndi amuna mu zonse zokhudza luso asilikali. Kodi ntchito akazi awa?

Kodi ntchito Onna-Bugei

Choyamba ayenera otchulidwa kuti mawu akuti "asilikaliwo" siligwira ntchito kwa kugonana fairer. amuna okha ndi ufulu otchedwa asilikaliwo. Kapangidwe ka mawu ndizo Kanji awiri: "kutumikira" ndi "wankhondo." Onna-Bugei mu chinenero Japanese amatanthauza "munthu wa masewera a karati." Chotero anaitana akazi amene anali m'gulu la asilikaliwo, kuphunzira kuthana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida.

Onna-Bugei - mkazi amene osati nazo Chida komanso watenga mbali mu nkhondo pa ndime ndi atsikana. Komanso, dona akhoza kutenga kubwezera adani amene anapha mbuye, amene manyazi mwano. Amadziwika kuti kugonana wokoma Japan ankadziwika odzipereka, nthawi zambiri choposa anthu.

oimira wotchuka

Pamwamba limafotokoza kuti asilikaliwo mkazi - uwu si nthano wokongola. ndi ankhondo, amene anali m'gulu la asilikaliwo, anakwanitsa kusiya osapezekanso malo mu mbiri chiyani? Choyamba, tiyenera kukumbukira dona, dzina lake Hangaku Godzen wa malemu nyengo Heian, umene unatha ku 794 mu 1185. Mkazi uyu opandamantha anali pankhondo ndi 10 zikwi-asilikali Hojo banja, amene anamenyera pa mbali ya asilikali Minamoto. Pansi pa iye anali asilikali 3000. nkhondo, koma Hangaku anavulazidwa, anatha kupulumuka. Kenaka anakwatirana ndipo anali ndi mwana.

Hojo Masako - wina wotchuka asilikaliwo mkazi, wobadwa 1156 ku Japan. Pambuyo pa imfa ya asilikali Minamoto Erimoto amene anali mwamuna wake, mzimayi wopanda mantha zinachitikadi kulamulira maiko mwawomwawo, anaitana ana ake olamulira chabe. Tikudziwanso kuti iye ankavala dzina lakuti "sisitere-asilikali" ndi kupereka mphamvu ya Hojo banja.

Kumene, panali ena apadera wamkazi asilikaliwo ku Japan. Mwachitsanzo, sangathe kuyiwala za Nakano Takeko, anabadwa mu 1847. Izi wankhondo wolimba anali m'gulu la anthu amene anatsogolera nyumba yachifumu Aizu atagwa wa Tokugawa shogunate. Mwatsoka, iye anafa mu nkhondo imeneyi, koma kukumbukira lili.

Kodi zokhudza buke-palibe onna-

Kumene, madona anamenyana pa ndime ndi anyamata, akali kupatulapo osati lamulo. Ndi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kupezeka buke-palibe onna-. Akazi awa safunika nawo nkhondo. Iwo kupeza maluso a kuchinga ndi melee nkhondowo mu malo oyamba pofuna kuteteza banja lake ngati n'koyenera, kuphunzitsa ana awo.

Iye akhapidziwa kuti ndi buke-palibe-onna ayenera kumvera mwamuna wake wangwiro kumutumikira. ayeneranso asalandidwe zofooka mmene akazi okongola, kuti aonetse mphamvu ya maganizo nthawi zonse. Tinali madona awa ndi ufulu pa malo ngati munthu aphedwe mabanja awo wakali chipongwe lolemera.

chida

Ndi zimene zida anali angakonze pafupifupi mkazi asilikaliwo? Mwachitsanzo, anali naginata - chikhalidwe Japanese ozizira zitsulo, dzina anamasuliridwa ngati "lupanga lalitali". Chikufunika kwa iye, ndipo mwaluso tanto - kotero Chigawenga asilikaliwo, dzina njira Japanese "lupanga yochepa". Komanso voitelnitsy anamenyana ndi zingwe ndi unyolo, Jari mikondo ing'onoing'ono.

Miyambo anauzidwa kusunga mkondo ndi malo apadera, limene lili pamwamba pa chitseko kutsogolo. Izi anaonetsetsa kuti mkazi ali ndi nthawi kuti akathyole kuti kudziteteza ndi ana awo mu mwambo matenda mwadzidzidzi mdani, chodabwitsa cha anthu akuba. Madona ndipo anali wamfupi zigawenga, wotchedwa kaiken. pafupifupi konse adagawana, ankavala lamba wake kapena malaya Ndi chida ichi Japanese. Chigawenga kulola mphezi kuvulaza kapena kupha mdani nkhondo pafupi, monga darted pa mlingo zodabwitsa. Amadziwika kuti mpeni mtsikana wankhondo analandira pa tsiku akafika mukadzakula. Izo zinachitika pamene anali ndi zaka 12.

kudzipha

Osayang'ana ngati akazi Japanese a mwambo kudzipha, monga chinali chizolowezi pa asilikaliwo-amuna? Inde, mwambo umenewu unatchedwa Dzigan anali ponseponse. Madona kudzipha si choncho, monga anachitira oimira kugonana wamphamvu. Iwo sanadulidwe kutsegula m'mimba, ankaona kuti kudula khosi lake.

Dzoma anali wotsimikiza kuti malinga ndi malamulo onse. Mmodzi wa iwo amanena kuti akazi amene zongowasiyira moyo chisanafike womangidwa kumwendo wake. Ichi chidachitika kuti tiziona abwino pambuyo pa imfa. Nthawi zambiri, mkazi Japanese aganiza kuti adziphe, pamene panali kuopseza kugwa m'manja mwa mdani. Komanso, iwo kawirikawiri zimapha osati okha komanso achibale awo zochepa mtima, kuphatikizapo ana awo.

mavuto

Mkazi asilikaliwo - chodabwitsa wamba kwa zaka 11-17. Mu zaka za m'ma 13, malamulo malinga ndi zimene kugonana fairer akhala wovomerezeka ali ndi ufulu wofanana cholowa makolo, ena anali ndi abale awo. Komanso, madona kuloledwa kutuluka chifuniro kutaya mfumache.

mavuto anabwera m'ma 17, pamene chiŵerengero cha akazi ankhondo sakuyenda kwambiri. Olemba mbiri ena amanena izi mafashoni ambiri maubale akazi okhaokha monga msilikali wa asilikaliwo lapansi. Komabe, wankhondo wolimba anapitiriza Timasangalalanso dziko ndi zochita zake, kulimbana ndi chakuti iwo ntchito ngati akapolo mu msika matrimonial.

Mwachitsanzo, akazi ambiri anatenga gawo mu nkhondo yapachiweniweni Boshin, umene unachitika mu zaka zana la 19. Ena amatha kupita pansi mu mbiri.

chikhalidwe

Amazing amunamuna tsoka la Japanese akazi ankhondo ndi ankabwerera ndi olemba zambiri zamakono ndi atsogoleri, kawirikawiri kulemba za bukhu ndi kuchotsa m'mbiri. Mwachitsanzo, mu TV amasonyeza "Kenkaku Seba" kwambiri chidwi linaperekedwa kwa mmodzi wa anthu otchuka onna-bugeisha - Sasaki Mifuyu.