Ohio Mtsinje: malongosoledwe a chikhalidwe cha otaya ndi

Olemera waukulu kumanzere tributary wa Mississippi Mtsinje ndi mtsinje wa Ohio, onyamula madzi ake mu kum'mawa US. Musanayambe kumupatsa ayankhe, taganizirani zimene muli madzi a North America, ndipo mwachidule anapereka gawo limene Ohio umayenda.

General zokhudza mitsinje ya North America

Onse matupi a madzi mu North America a m'dera la mabeseni a m'nyanja atatu: kozizira, Pacific ndi Atlantic. Waukulu mzere wolekanitsa ali ankatembenukira kwa Pacific Ocean (kumadzulo), ife zochepa kwambiri madzi kuchokera kumtunda kuposa Atlantic. Mu North America, dera otaya mkati zachepa, ndipo amatenga gawo chabe winawake wa lalikulu dziwe losambira ndi malo ochepa kumpoto cha okwera Mexico.

North Mtsinje American anawagawa mitundu itatu ya magwero mphamvu chakudya dongo, glacial, chisanu ndi mvula. Pakuti Ohio Mtsinje (Mississippi inflow) khalidwe la maonekedwe losanganikirana.

Ohio: madera

Ndi mtsinje mu Pakati Chakumadzulo US. m'dera Land ndi oposa 116 zikwi sq. Km, amene amaponya dera mwa mayiko onse mu 34 TH malo.

Iwo m'mphepete kumpoto ndi boma la Canada, pa kum'mawa - Pennsylvania, mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa - West Virginia, kumwera, kumadzulo ndi kumpoto motero ndi madera a Kentucky, Indiana ndi Michigan. Eponymous mtsinje akuthamanga pamodzi ndi malire a kum'mwera a boma. Mmodzi wa America ndi nyanja kwambiri wotchedwa Erie ili m'malire kumpoto.

Malinga ndi State wa Gawo Kumpoto (pamodzi Nyanja Erie) chimafikira m'mphepete mwa nyanja kumveka. North-kumadzulo mbali ya dera ali wotchedwa "lalikulu wakuda chithaphwi." Nthawi m'zaka za m'ma ndi theka malo awa lalikulu lowe m'madera interspersed ndi zilumba ka nthaka youma. Tsopano, chifukwa ndi kuchuluka kwa atsamunda ku madera a dziko pafupifupi mwathunthu chatsanulidwa ndi inasanduka minda yachonde.

Iwo akuchita kum'mwera kwa Allegheny Plateau (Allegheny), umene uli mbali ya dongosolo Appalachian mapiri. Iwo excised njira za mitsinje yambiri. Yaikulu ya izi ndi Mtsinje wa Ohio (a tributary wa Mississippi).

Kum'mawa malo okwera mapiri pang'onopang'ono kusamukira ku mapiri a West Virginia. Mu mapiri kum'mwera kum'mawa, yokutidwa ndi nkhalango, m'mapaki zachilengedwe ili Ohio, Pakati wotchuka kwambiri ndi "Hocking Hills".

Kufotokozera Ohio Mtsinje

M'dera la beseni ndi 528.100 sq. makilomita. Pali madzi osefukira lalikulu mu nyengo yozizira, otsika nyengo madzi m'chilimwe ndi m'dzinja ndi imeneyi osachepera kuchokera August kwa September.

Iwo anachokera Ohio Mtsinje pafupi Pittsburgh, kumene confluence wa Allegheny ndi Monongahela mtsinje umene madzi ake akuyenda kuchokera Appalachian mapiri. Mtsinjewo 1579 Km. Total kutalika ndi Allegheny - makilomita 2102. Appalachian Plateau pa mtsinje umayenda ku mzinda wa Louisville, Ohio, ndiye njira yake umadutsa ku Central m'Chigwa.

Pa magombe a mtsinje wa Ohio ali m'mizinda yambiri, yaikulu a iwo zotsatirazi: Huntington, Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Portsmouth, Louisville, Covington, Evansville, mzinda wa Wheeling ndi mzindawo.

hydrology

Mtsinje wa Ohio, monga taonera kale, ali ndi chakudya losanganikirana. Pafupi ndi mzinda wa mzindawo pafupifupi kumwa madzi ndi za 8000 meters kiyubiki pa wachiwiri, ndi nthenda yotaya pachaka pafupifupi 250 Km kiyubiki

Auka lalikulu la madzi Pittsburgh kufika mamita 10-12 mu Cincinnati - kuchokera mamita 17 mpaka 20, pakamwa pa mtsinje - mamita 14-16. Nthawi zambiri zimabwerera zidzachitika kuno, makamaka chikhalidwe zoopsa iwo anali mu 1887, 1913, 1927 ndi 1937 ankalemekeza.

Mwatsoka, madzi mtsinje ali kwambiri wowonongeka mafakitale madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito malonda ambiri ili padoko lapansi.

Inflows ndi zochita Mtsinje wa Ohio

The inflow waukulu mwa iye (kumanzere) - p. Tennessee. Iwo anapanga kuchokera pophatikizana a mzinda Knoxville mitsinje Holston ndi French Chotakata. Kumanja makhwawa lalikulu Miami, Muskingum (Muskingum Mtsinje), Scioto, Wabash. Otsalawo yaikulu makhwawa kumanzere: nyambititsa, Kentucky, Salt, Kanoua, Guyandotte Mtsinje.

Allegheny Mtsinje ndi Monongahela kupanga Mtsinje wa Ohio, zimachokera ku mapiri Appalachian. Ku mzinda wa Louisville mosungiramo umayenda mwa Appalachian Plateau, ndipo kenako - pa dera la ku Central m'Chigwa.

kutumiza

Mtsinje wa Ohio ndi yodutsira onse pamodzi (mamita 2,7 - ndi kungakupatseni akuya njira). Pofuna kupereka kuya kwa ndimeyi ziwiya pa mtsinje anamanga hydropower angapo.

Pafupifupi 4,000 makilomita wa utali wonse wa madzi yodutsira mu beseni ndi. mzinda wa Louisville anamanga angapo njira kwa circumvention wa pamakomo m'madera amenewa. Komanso mu beseni pali lalikulu hydro. Mbali yaikulu ya iwo ili pa Tennessee Mtsinje.

Pomaliza

Tikumbukenso pomaliza kuti mtsinje mu 1928 inamangidwa mlatho kulumikiza mzinda wa Gallipolis, Ohio ku Point okoma West Virginia.

Ndipo popeza chidwi n'chakuti asteroid (439) Ohio, anapeza mu chaka cha 1898, unatchedwa mtsinje.