GAZ-12 specifications ndi zithunzi

Woyamba Soviet kalasi galimoto GAZ-12 (mukatchule) analengedwa mu zokambirana za pa Gorky galimoto Bzalani mu nthawi kuyambira 1949 mpaka 1959. makina lakonzedwa ntchito mkati mamembala a boma, atsogoleri akuluakulu phwando.

ntchito

Development chitsanzo GAZ-12 zinachitikadi mu nthawi yochepa, panalibe nthawi yomanga nyumba yatsopano kunja magawo a makina, kotero maziko a American anatenga "Buick" kutulutsidwa mu 1948. Koperani kunja sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito kokha maphunziro ofunikira.

makhalidwe luso

Thupi GAZ-12 anapanga phokoso, onse zitsulo, ndi wosiyana chimango sanali. Ngati osiyana thupi mchitidwe ntchito kokha boma gawo omwe wokwera pansi pa wapogawanikira bawuti. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti kupangidwa amasinthira zomera wakhala ankaganiza chiopsezo ena, kutenga monga maziko frameless, monga galimoto zisanu seater ndi mizere itatu ya mipando anafuna mokakamizidwa katundu wa stiffness pamodzi kutalika kwa omwe angakhoze kokha kupereka amphamvu chimango Kapangidwe ka njira.

Komabe, zonse anaganiza njira yabwino: yobweretsa kofunika stiffness wakhala analenga chifukwa zigawo opendekera welded ili mu ndege galimoto pansi. Choncho zinali zotheka kuchepetsa kulemera okwana thupi lopanda imfa ya mphamvu koyefishienti.

Koma m'kupita kwa machitidwe a magalimoto ndi thupi GAZ-M-12 anayamba kugwiritsidwa zilema chifukwa cha imfa ya chinthu chimodzimodzi yochitira zinthu. structural mphamvu wofooka chifukwa katundu zonse kugwedera, komanso nkhawa chifukwa posokoneza za makina mu ndege kotenga. Chifukwa cha njira frameless thupi anayenera adzasiyidwa.

yogwirizanitsa

Poyamba, GAZ-12 ndi anasonkhana ndi dzanja, pokonzekera zolembedwa pa siriyo ndondomeko conveyor. Kuŵeta galimoto zidatheka ndi digiri yapamwamba ya harmonization imene zinthu zina anafika 50 peresenti. zigawo zambiri ndi misonkhano anali anaitenga ku chitsanzo cha "Kupambana M-20", GAZ 51 galimoto ndipo kenako - GAZ-53-12, umene panthawi imeneyo unali mu chitukuko.

magetsi

Pa galimoto anaika akweza injini gasi 11 ndi ntchito yamphamvu mphamvu 3485 CC. cm, 90 HP, amene makilomita mpaka 120 pa ola limodzi anayamba gasi 12 mlingo.

The injini makhalidwe a unit mphamvu:

• mtundu wa petulo;
• Chiwerengero cha masilindala - 6;
• Chilonda - 110 mamilimita;
• yamphamvu m'mimba mwake - 82 mamilimita;
• psinjika chiŵerengero - 6.7;
• chakudya - carburetor K-21;
• yozizira madzi;
• mowa mafuta mu mode wosanganiza - malita 19 pa 100 Km;
• Analimbikitsa mafuta - mafuta A70, A72.

HIV

Galimoto GAZ-12 anali okonzeka ndi HIV Buku ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• mtundu - hydromechanical maloboti;
• chiwerengero cha liwiro - 3;
• magiya - helical awiri;
• Management - makina kusinthitsa ndalezo pagalimoto.

kunja

deta kunja galimoto zofunikira za nthawi, ndi contours za thupi ndi adzakhale kusintha yosalala analenga kuona umphumphu wa kukonza. Zinali azimuth kuti Pambuyo opanga onse US magalimoto galimotolo anali nazonso ndipo mukatchule. GAZ-12 anali woyamba Mipikisano kalasi galimoto, ndipo, ndithudi, galimoto anali gwero la kunyada ngati ndiAmene ndi anthu amene anafuna.

galimoto kumatanthauza ziwonetsero onse chikondwerero, anasonyeza pa Center Exhibition, mu hema, "makampani magalimoto wa USSR." Ngakhale "chitsulo nsaru" zinalili pa nthawi pakati pa Dziko la Soviet Union ndi m'mayiko azungu GAZ-12 zimagulitsidwa kunja pamalo galimoto amasonyeza Berlin, Madrid ndi Paris.

mkati

Soviet limousine mkati anali chokongoletsedwa malinga ndi malingaliro a mwanaalirenji kuti nthawi. Ziwalo zonse zitsulo m'kanyumba munali chitsanzo kukongoletsa ndi mitundu kwathunthu wapatali nkhuni wawonjezera ndi maganizo a mwanaalirenji. Pansi pa galimoto motsimikizika chidafundidwa ndi makalapeti, amene anathandiza kuti pafupifupi kutchinjiriza phokoso.

Malinga ndi mlingo wa mwanaalirenji mu ulemerero mkati mwa chitsanzo 12-TH kuposa ZIS 110 ake okha boma, limene konse ntchito kapena mu takisi kapena ambulansi, ndipo ankaona mkulu mwakwera galimoto makampani mu USSR.

Kugulitsa magalimoto manja payekha

GAZ-12 anali galimoto loyamba ndi lomaliza la kalasi chifaniziro, Lomwe lingathe kukopedwa pa ritelo. Mtengo wa galimoto mpaka 1961 anali 40 000 rubles. Pa nthawi imeneyo zinali ndalama zambiri Mukaganizira kuti pafupifupi malipiro a munthu Soviet si upambana 650 rubles. Mwanaalirenji galimoto "Kupambana M-20" ndalama 16,000 rubles, ndi "Moskvich-401" - naini zikwi. Choncho, ima pamzere kwa ZIMom osati alimbane, koma asayansi ndi kudzudzula luso galimoto iyi anali nazo.

Mu makumi asanu ndi awiri oyambirira, panali Kulipira misa GAZ-12 ndi mabungwe boma. magalimoto awa apeza eni payekha amene sakanakhoza kugula latsopano "Lada", chomwe mtengo zikwi zisanu.

Today angapezeke mu mukatchule ina, mwinanso malo mosayembekezeka. Pa ena makina ndi injini ya magalimoto, ndi zodabwitsa HIV ndi mitundu yonse ya asilikali zosowa. Machinery pa fakitale wathunthu akonzedwa - m'chipani.

mafashoni atsopano ndi kutha kupanga

Pofika kumapeto kwa 50s chitsanzo GAZ-12 anayamba mofulumira kutaya mbiri. The padziko lonse magalimoto mafashoni mwadzidzidzi anasintha malangizo, kulikonse ndi wamakono zida zomera kupanga matupi a mtundu wachibadidwe latsopano.