Ion injini - danga M'maso latsopano

Mamuna aenda ku malo mwa injini roketi ndi utsi madzi ndi olimba. Koma iwo amakhalanso anakayikira mphamvu ya mlengalenga ndege. Ndi ochepa spacecraft osachepera "nsomba" chifukwa kanjira dziko lapansi, kuti yakwera roketi chidwi kukula pamwamba. Ndipo chida lokha, kwenikweni, izi ndi thanki zouluka, gawo la mikango kulemera amene akudikira mafuta. Pamene onse ntchito mpaka dontho otsiriza, m'sitimayo akhala zochepa okwanira.

Pofuna sangagwelenso ku Earth, la International Space Station nthawi zikutipatsa kanjira zimachitika ake injini ndege. Mafuta iwo - za 7.5 matani - kangapo chaka Anapereka zombo makina. Koma pa njira Mars, kotero refueling ndi sayembezereka. Kaya nthawi kunena tiwonana msampha ndi lothandiza kulabadira injini patsogolo kwambiri ion?

Pofuna kuti ntchito, ndalama amisala wa mafuta padzafunika. Only mafuta ndi magetsi. Magetsi amapangidwa danga ndi misampha ya cheza kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi mapanelo dzuwa. The kutali kuwala, mphamvu zochepa, kotero kuti ntchito ndi nyukiliya. Gasi umaperekedwa mu chipinda chachikulu kuyaka, kumene amakhala ndi ma elekitironi ndi ionized. The chifukwa madzi ozizira imatumizidwa zinayambira, ndiyeno - mu nozzle maginito kumwazikana. Ion injini chitaya yekha ikuyaka plasma ndi imathamanga sakudziwika injini ochiritsira roketi. Ndipo ndi spacecraft kamakhala zofunika mphamvu.
Mfundo ntchito yosavuta kuti mukhoza kusonkhanitsa ion injini pachiwonetsero ndi manja awo. Ngati elekitirodi ndi mu mawonekedwe a chisanadze kugwirizanitsa vane, wokwera pa singano nsonga ndi ntchito voteji pamwamba pa malekezero lakuthwa a elekitirodi pamaoneka buluu kuwala kwaiye kuzikwatula ndi ma elekitironi. lotha awo kuti alenge ndi ofooka anachita mphamvu, ndi elekitirodi wayamba atembenuza.

Kalanga, injini ion ndi cholinga kotero womvetsa chisoni kuti sangathe kuletsa spacecraft padziko mwezi, osanenapo chiyambi cha pansi. Izi bwino kwambiri pomuona Tikayerekeza zombo ziwiri, ulendo Mars. M'chombo ndi injini madzi adzayamba ndege patapita mphindi pang'ono ya mathamangitsidwe kwambiri ndi kutenga nthawi pang'ono pokha pa chopinga wa Red Planet. M'chombo ndi injini ion adzakhala imathandizira miyezi iwiri pang'onopang'ono unwinding ndi mwauzimu, ndi machitidwe omwewo akumuyembekezera pafupi ndi Mars ...
Koma injini ion wapeza ntchito kwake: izo okonzeka ndi mndandanda wa spacecraft opanda anatumiza kwa nthawi yaitali reconnaissance ntchito kwa mapulaneti pafupi ndi kutali dongosolo dzuwa, ndi asteroid lamba.

Ion injini - kamba chomwecho chimene overtakes namzeze-footed Achilles. Ntchito mpaka mafuta mphindi, madzi amakhala injini chete amakhala opanda ntchito kwanthawizonse, ndi chidutswa cha chitsulo. plasma A ungatithandizire kwa zaka. N'zotheka kuti iwo akhale okonzeka ndi spacecraft poyamba, yemwe ali kum'mwera kuwala liwiro kuyenda kwa Alpha Centauri - nyenyezi pafupi Earth. Amaganiza kuti ndegeyo adzatenga zaka 15-20 yekha.