Kodi kupanga kuwala mu garaja ndi manja ake?

Asanayambe kugwira ntchito ayenera kukhala osachepera mau, kuti timudziwe bwino zinthu zoyambirira za "Malamulo oti Magetsi unsembe" (PUE), zomwe sizinatchulidwe zofunika kwa kapangidwe ndi unsembe wa Kulumikizana magetsi mu nyumba zolinga zosiyanasiyana.

Kamangidwe mulingo woyenera - chinsinsi bwino ndi chitetezo

Pa siteji koyamba m'pofunika, malinga ndi zimene timaphunzira, kupanga sewero ambiri a malo garaja, makoma ake ndi denga, kuonetsa kukula ndi mayikidwe a kutsegula mfundo ankaimbidwa wa gulu magetsi, mabokosi yakumapeto, mapulagi, masiwichi ndi kuyatsa. Izi amaganizira malo ndi zida n'kupuma (benchi, makina kuwotcherera ndi zina zotero. D.) Ndipo makhalidwe a dongosolo nyumbayi.

Siteji yotsatira - pulani kutengerapo chifukwa m'dera: choko kukopedwa pa ntchito yomanga malo unsembe wa zamagetsi ndi mbali ogula younikira amatsogolera ndi zingwe. Posankha malo switchboard kugawa, muyenera kuganizira mmene angagwirire kuwala mu garaja wa kotunga mzere mphamvu. cooperatives garaja amakhala ndi maukonde yake imapita mphamvu, vuto ndi kugwirizana palibe, koma kwa nyumba alibe adzayenera kumanga pamwamba kapena mobisa mzere okwanira.

mitundu ya unsembe

Phiri nyali garaja ndi njira ziwiri - kapena yosatha makoma. Yachiwiri ndi zina kwa konkire ndi zomangamanga nyumba. Zimatengera ntchito cabling mankhwala luso voids makoma, slabs pansi kapena kuwayika iwo pansi wosanjikiza pulasitala mu njira mwapadera - Stroebe.

Mu chishango ichi zokhazikapo ndi masiwichi Komanso kusema m'munsi, amene amagwirizana ndi ndalama yapamwamba ntchito ndi kufunika kugula kapena kubwereka chida apadera (khoma chaser, akatswiri perforator). Choncho, kuwala mu garaja ndi manja ake kawirikawiri wokwera njira lotseguka, ndiye. E. Pa pamwamba pa zinthu yomanga.

Kusankha zamagetsi ndi zipangizo

Zipangizo zofunikira polojekiti:

• Yoyambirira switchboard chikukhudza ndi metering chipangizo ndi zochita zokha zozitetezera.
• waya magetsi ndi chingwe ndi nyumba zoteteza (njira chingwe, kapena hoses malata ndi trays).
• Junction mabokosi, masiwichi zokhazikapo ndi nyali za onse komanso madera kuyatsa.

Posankha zamitundu waya ayenera mphamvu chifukwa ogula 'natsogozedwa ndi tebulo zotsatirazi:

Ndi bwino ntchito mawaya mkuwa ndi kutchinjiriza kuti siligwirizana kuyaka (chodetsa mapeto index "ng"). Komanso, mkuwa yopindulitsa kulimbikira zotayidwa kuti zotsatira thupi ndi deformations, kochulukira moyo utumiki ndi zabwino magetsi madutsidwe pa makutidwe ndi okosijeni pamwamba. Pankhani ya ntchito ophatikizana kapena Mulimonsemo sangathe kugwirizana ochititsa chopangidwa ndi yosiyana ndi "kupotoza". Chifukwa chaichi cholinga midadada akayakaya ndi clamps wononga kapena clamps lembani WAGO.

Cha zida simungakhoze kuchita popanda mpeni wakuthwa, pliers kapena cutters mbali, pliers, screwdrivers, akufa pochita magetsi. Izo kwambiri atsogolere ntchito ya pamaso pa screwdriver cordless. Ndipo chifukwa garaja popanda kuwala kwa ntchito yabwino kungafune chingwe ukugwirizana ndi nyale wonyamulikayu.

Switchboard. magetsi

Kodi kupanga kuwala mu garaja, kuti zikhalidwe za ntchito ndi kukhala mmenemo inali yabwino osati kokha, komanso otetezeka? Makamaka zimadalira kasinthidwe lolondola ndi kugwirizana kutsegula kwa switchboard kugawa.

Malo abwino kwa malo - pafupi ndi khomo chipata. Ngati ndi kotheka, zidzakhala yabwino kusagwirizana kwathunthu dongosolo. Popewa zochitika zosiyanasiyana mwadzidzidzi amatha chishango, chimene limapangidwa:

• meters munthu (IPU, mita yamagetsi). Atakhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa magetsi kudyedwa.
• Dera breakers (AB). Kuteteza dongosolo mphamvu yochokera overloads ndi mkulu lalifupi mafunde dera. Main AV masamu pa katundu pazipita (16 mpaka 50 A) wokwera kutsogolo kwa ziwanda, ndi ena - kutsogolo kwa gulu lililonse ogula.
• Yotsalira zipangizo zikusinthira (RCDs). Zimitsani dera magetsi pamene anakumana ndi anthu kuonongeka kutchinjiriza ❖ kuyanika kapena mbali conductive ndi kutayikira panopa kuposa malire ena (30mA). Wokwera mwachindunji kumbuyo mita. AB ndi RCD bwinobwino m'malo masiyanidwe makina, zomwe zimagwirizizirana limodzi ntchito nyumba ya zipangizo awiriwa.

Komanso, gulu magetsi ali okonzeka ndi sitepe-pansi thiransifoma, voteji polojekiti yolandirana, ziro ndi njanji pansi.

M'mikhalidwe chinyezi mkulu ndi kuchuluka kwa zitsulo zili ndi zosavuta magetsi mantha kwambiri. Choncho, nthaka ayenera anasamala mwapadera, monga molondola chitsimikizo ukugwirira ntchito zipangizo chitetezo. Pamodzi ndi kukafika kutsogolo kwa pansi kapena pansi makoma garaja anaika zitsulo Mzere, umene kusintha mkuwa ochititsa agwirizane anathamangitsidwa mu maelekitirodi nthaka (mwachitsanzo, zidutswa 3-4 ya okhota mbiri osachepera kutalika kwa 2 m), ogula n'kupuma mphamvu, chida workbench ndi earthing bala kabati lophimba. Nthawi yapadera, maelekitirodi akhoza kuchita ntchito ya konkire dongosolo zolimba za maziko.

magetsi Kulumikizana. Polumikiza mwake ndi masiwichi

Chingwe maulendo (njira chingwe, corrugated chitoliro ndi waya Stroebe) ayenera idzachitika kufanana kwa denga pa mtunda wa masentimita 15-20 kwa izo. Mphamvu ndi kuyatsa mizere imayambira makina osiyana ndi osiyana. Mfundo nthambi ndi wokwera mabokosi.

Kutsikatsika kuthamanga perpendicular pansi, podziwa kuti kutalika kwa masiwichi akomere zosaposa 150-170 masentimita zokhazikapo - 60-80 cm (kupatulapo kubwereketsa pa benchi: iwo atathana mwachindunji pamwamba pa tebulo pamwamba). Mu njira yotseguka zipangizo unsembe pamwamba amagwira pamwamba ndi zomangira kapena dowels kwa unsembe mwamsanga. Pamene zobisika - wokwera mu chisanadze recessed ndi kuliika ndi simenti matope (gypsum kapena pulasitala wa Paris) zitsulo m'makola mwawo.

kuyatsa zofunika. nyali Location

Masana zina mu kuyatsa chipinda zimapangitsa dzuwa. Mu garaja, ndi nyali zina mwa mipata zenera, kapena zipata, koma m'pofunika zichokera chakuti galimoto ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi mu mdima.

The kwambiri zizindikiro kuyatsa - Mwachangu ndi pachilichonse. Ngakhale otchuka pakati eni galimoto zaka ndiwo nyali fulorosenti mu garaja ayenera kugula magetsi LED. mtengo pang'ono ndi pang'ono yafupika, ndi khalidwe la kamwazi kuwala nthawi zonse kukula. Mfundo ina - yodziyimira payokha kuyatsa. Kuwala mu garaja akhoza kugawidwa ambiri ndi makonsolo. kuyatsa zofunika pamwamba tebulo maalumali, makina ndi kutsegula chipata. Good kuyatsa ozungulira dera kungathandize kwambiri atsogolere oyimitsira usiku.

Magetsi anayendera dzenje

Kasamalidwe dzenje inasanduka thupi zonse shopu garaja iliyonse. Ndi kuwala ndipo izi zone magetsi kukonza palibe vuto ngati mtengo kotunga voteji sadzakhala kuposa 36 V. Chifukwa chaichi ntchito sitepe-pansi thiransifoma (380; 220/36; 24; 12b) zomwe akhoza adzaikidwa mu koyambirira gulu kugawa. Nyali ndi chilango hermetic (IP65 kapena kalasi apamwamba), ndipo grids chitetezo anaika mu recess pa makoma a dzenje yakanema.

Akhala akugwira ndi kunyamula nyale abwino voteji kuwaunikira mdima ndi zovuta kuti akafike kudera la galimoto. Ntchito chida mphamvu ntchito zitsulo, anaika kunja m'dzenje, zida ndi yotsalira panopa dera matazo.

Pa chomaliza ntchito, pamaso polumikiza kuwala mu garaja kwa kotunga voteji, m'pofunika kamodzinso kuti aletse zolondola kusinthitsa raspredkorobok, kuonetsetsa palibe mawaya adachitira umboni.

mpweya wabwino ndi Kutentha kachitidwe

Kugwiritsa zachilengedwe mpweya chingamulepheretse chitukuko cha yogwira dzimbiri wa thupi galimoto, koma pa intervals kawirikawiri ntchito mosungira kuwotcherera kapena kupenta, muyenera kukakamiza makope mpweya. utsi zimakupiza galimoto bwino zoyendetsedwa ndi osiyana dera baka ichidachi ndi kupeza mayendedwe izo mzere osiyana.

Mwachindunji ndi bungwelo ndi zimayendera heaters. Kuti moto chitetezo mosungira analetsa zipangizo improvised ndi heaters ndi zinthu lotseguka magetsi.

mawu ochepa A za zokha

Makina machitidwe kwa garaja (pakhomo chipata kulamulira, kulamulira nyengo, etc.) ziziyenda moyo yabwino ndi omasuka, koma amafuna kubwerera mphamvu zoyendetsera. Ngati kungakhale petulo kapena dizilo jenereta ndi zodziwikiratu chiyambi. Pamene mphamvu kulephera maukonde anthu kumachitika kuyambira injini, ndi masiwichi ndi zodziwikiratu zida kuntchito ndi kuunika garaja zoyendetsedwa ndi jenereta ndi.