Kodi kupanga yoyenera ikuthandizira maziko ndi manja ake: kufotokoza, luso, malangizo ndi ndemanga

Konkire ali ndi mkulu compressive mphamvu, koma m'munsi sangathe kusamutsa kwamakokedwe katundu ndi kupinda. Ngati m'munsi kotunga limene lakonzedwa kukhala dongosolo monolithic, chimango ikuthandizira, ndi drawback anati likuchotsedwa kwathunthu. Zolimba kwa maziko ndi manja ake angathe kuchitidwa chabe. Kuyamba, muyenera kusankha choncho, kodi kapangidwe adzakhala m'munsi ndi, komanso ndi ufulu kukhazikitsa dongosolo chimango.

ndi zolimba malamulo

The zigawo zikuluzikulu za zolimba khola ayenera kukhala pamwamba woyera adzaonetsetsa guluu wolimba wabwino kwa konkire. Kusankha chimene mtundu adzakhala kumangako zolimba m'pofunika kuwerengera katundu ziletso pa maziko. Ngati amadza pansi ndi yaing'ono, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana waya kumanga. Koma ngati nyumbayi ingakhale yolemetsa kwambiri makoma, Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera.

Zolimba kwa maziko ndi manja awo zizichitidwa ndi ntchito ndodo, omwe variable mtanda gawo, ndiko, ndi m'mphepete. Izi amatanthauza vavu, chomwe chidzachitike pa katundu chachikulu. Chotero chimango adzatchuka ndi amaudindo apamwamba mlingo guluu wolimba ndi konkire. Yosalala zolimba ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mamembala wothandiza, amene ntchito adzakhala kufalitsa katundu pa maziko a nyumba.

chida kusankha

Zolimba kwa maziko ndi manja awo ayenera kuti azitsatiridwa ntchito chida chapadera. Izo ziyenera kutola, zochokera voliyumu ya ntchito, omwe akuyembekezeka kuchita. Zingwe zolimba khola kwa kukula yaing'ono ya maziko ayenera idzachitika ntchito ochiritsira Buku kapena basi mbedza, koma ngati ntchitoyo adzakhala voluminous, Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chida apadera mtundu wa mfuti, anafuna kuswana.

Technology ntchito

Ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupezerera chidutswa cha waya, amene kutalika ndi 30 cm. The preform ayenera apangidwe mu theka. The kuzungulira waya ayenera kulowa pa opendekera mtanda zovekera, ndipo pambuyo kupita ku malekezero a. The kuzungulira chifukwa yamazinga mu mbedza, motero m'pofunika kutsatira njira chitembenukiro. Mwini ayenera concatenate malekezero a waya, motero kulenga pawiri ankafuna. Asanayambe ntchito, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti lamba maziko olimba ntchito adzakhala pansi kupinda katundu makamaka malangizo kotenga. zolimba ake zizichitidwa mwa kuika nyama gululi mu zigawo ziwiri kapena zambiri. Onse nthawi yomweyo kudzadalira kukula kwa tepi yokha.

Zovekera kwa Mzere maziko

Ngati mudzakhala ikuthandizira maziko ndi manja ake, m'pofunika tione mfundo zina. Pakati pawo tingachite bwino kunena za chakuti lamba dongosolo mu ziwalo kotenga chimango a dongosolo adzatenga katundu wamkulu. Pa nkhani imeneyi, malo awo ayenera pabwino mipiringidzo ribbed amene awiri ndi wofanana ndi chizindikiro cha millimeters 10 mpaka 14.

Koma ofukula ndi yopingasa zinthu chimango, achitezo yogawa, ndiye ntchito wothandiza. N'chifukwa chake mu nkhani iyi ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi valavu yosalala awiri a millimeters 6 mpaka 8. Gawo unsembe zimatengera mtundu millimeters 100 mpaka 300. Kuyambira chithunzi ichi zimadalira chiwerengero cha ndodo ntchito. Pa katundu osachepera, chiwerengero ichi chikhoza kukhala wolingana millimeters 500. chimango wokonzeka ayenera wokwera mu formwork, kuona chilolezo 50 millimeters. Mthunzi, pofuna pansi pa ngalande ndi formwork mapanelo. Izi adzalola kuti tisiye zitsulo mipiringidzo mu konkire, kuchotsa chiopsezo dzimbiri. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mlingo waukulu kwambiri wa mavuto ndi m'madera chapamwamba maziko a.

Malangizo kwa zolimba Mzere maziko

Ngati mudzakhala ikuthandizira Mzere maziko ndi manja ake, izo tikulimbikitsidwa kulabadira luso vvyazochnuyu kugwirizana zolimba. Iwo ayenera kukonzekera kalasi B1 waya. Pamene akugwira ntchito zolimba kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino angakhoze kuikidwa pa kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino bwino kapena wopindidwa kutsatira zinthu.

Kodi mukufuna kuphunzira musanayambe kugwira ntchito,

Ngati mudzakhala ikuthandizira Mzere maziko pansi kusamba ndi manja ake, mwapadera ayenera kulimbikitsa ngodya. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nthawi zambiri ndi mapindikidwe amapezeka osati pa chigawo chapakati ndi pa mphambano za woyendera nthambi. Ntchito pa madera awa ayenera kukhala kuti kumalekezero a wopindidwa kumanzere chimango membala mu njira imodzi, koma winayo - zosiyana.

Akatswiri kugwiritsa ntchito luso pagulu, akusiya wowotcherera, chifukwa chakuti aliyense zosiyanasiyana zovekera abwino ntchito imeneyo. Mwazina, kuwotcherera kawirikawiri zimabweretsa mavuto amene afotokozedwa mu zitsulo ukagwira, zomwe zimabweretsa kusintha khalidwe zipangizo, zingachitikenso kupatulira ndodo m'dera kuwotcherera. Ndicho chifukwa inu kuthamanga chiopsezo msoko si mokwanira amphamvu.

The njira ya ntchito

Yoyenera zolimba Mzere maziko akuyamba ndi unsembe wa formwork lapansi. Pamwamba mkati iikidwe zikopa, amene zimatithandiza kuchotsa dongosolo. nthaka ayenera kuyendetsa mipiringidzo ikuthandizira, kutalika kwa amene ayenera kukhala zofanana kuya maziko a. Pa pansi muyenera kuika maimidwe kutalika kwa millimeters 80 100. Iwo woyenera pafupi awiri kapena atatu mwawo m'munsi mzere dongosolo chimango. Paudindo zogwiriziza amapezekamo kambirimbiri njerwa, amene anayayamira.

Ngati mudzakhala ikuthandizira Mzere maziko, ziwembu, mwai wa nsonga m'nkhani ino kudzakuthandizani kugwiritsa ntchito. Mizere m'munsi ndi chapamwamba kwa Ufumuyo limodzi ndi anthu a mtanda ndi zikhomo vertically zochokera. Mu malo amenewo kumene zinthu alipo, kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula gulu la njira kuwotcherera. Pamwamba ndodo pansi ayenera adzaukitsidwa osachepera ndi masentimita 8. Pamene armature waikidwa, ayenera kupanga mipata mpweya wabwino, ndipo pambuyo lembani matope konkire. Mpweya wabwino amathandiza kuti kuwonjezera depreciation monga maziko, komanso kuteteza zosayembekezereka wa inali kuwola.

Kulimbikitsa maziko slab

kuchita ntchito pa zofuna monolithic slab kuposa zimene zikugwirizana ndi tepi m'munsi. Zikatero, m'lifupi ndi zosakwana kutalika, nchifukwa chake kapangidwe katundu amaloŵamo flexural yekha mu njira kotenga. Ponena za mbale monolithic, lili zosiyana kapangidwe chifukwa pamwamba amaloŵamo kupinda katundu kudutsa osati kokha, komanso pamodzi.

Ngati mukuganiza bwanji kuchita zolimba kwa maziko ndi manja ake, ndiye muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zovekera ndi diameters ku millimeters 12 mpaka 16. zinthu zonse anapangidwa kwathunthu mipiringidzo ribbed. Maselo ambiri kukula kwa pamwamba ndi pansi grids spaced ayenera zopanda 200 × 200 millimeters. Gawo pakati malamba ndi lofanana 100 millimeters. Ngati pali kutentha wosanjikiza, chimango msonkhano kulimbikitsa nthiti ayenera idzachitika kunja m'munsi lapansi. Izi kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa kutchinjiriza zakuthupi.

Kulimbikitsa mulu maziko

Ngati mukufuna njira anasankha zinthu zolimba Mzere maziko ndi manja ake, ndiye inu angafune kuphunzira za kulimbitsa mulu maziko. Ndipotu, mtundu wa yomanga maziko yomanga, amene akuyembekezeka kumanga. Kagwiridwe Pankhaniyi, pafupifupi sadzakhala amasiyana ntchito, tikulimbikitsidwa mapangidwe maziko columnar. Pankhaniyi, kutsatira chenjezo limodzi. Iwo kwagona kuti zolimba ofukula yaikidwa bwalo kuti dongosolo analibe kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino pachimake ndi zigawo. Pakuti mulu zidzakhala zofunikira kukonzekera ndodo, chiwerengero cha zomwe zimasiyanasiyana 3 mpaka 5.

The njira ya ntchito

Pamene chiwembu ndi zolimba Mzere maziko ndi manja anu kuzindikirike, kupezeka ndi kulimbikitsa columnar m'munsi luso. Kulimbikitsa khola kuti anasonkhana kuchokera kuchuluka ndodo vertically zochokera amene diameters zimasiyana masentimita 10 mpaka 12. Kugwiritsa ntchito ayenera ribbed armature kutanthauza AIII kalasi. Kupanga zinthu yopingasa ayenera ntchito woonda yosalala kukhazikitsidwa 6-millimetric valavu.