Kupanga sulfide wa hydrogen, katundu, ntchito

M'nkhaniyi tiona kupeza sulufule sulphide wa hydrogen. A Kupenda thupi katundu ndi mankhwala thunthu.

kapangidwe

Pofuna kudziwa phwando lalikulu la sulfide wa hydrogen, m'pofunika kuti tipeze mbali ya dongosolo lake. Monga mbali ya thunthu muli atomu sulfure ndi awiri a hydrogen. Iwo sanali zitsulo, kotero pakati pa zinthu anapanga covalent kumalo ozizira kumangigwa. Kapangidwe okhota a sulfide wa hydrogen ndi. Ndipamene makona a madigiri 92 pakati pa sulfure ndi wa hydrogen, lomwe ndi pang'ono kakang'ono kuposa mu madzi.

thupi katundu

Haidrojeni sulfide fungo chokhala mazira owola, ndi bwino kuti zonse. M'mikhalidwe wabwinobwino, mankhwala ndi boma gaseous. Ilibe mtundu, ndi bwino sungunuka m'madzi, chakupha. Pafupifupi pa madigiri 20 Celsius sulfide 2.4 mpweya wotchedwa hayidilojeni kupasuka mu buku madzi. Pa haidrojeni sulfide madzi anaulula pang'ono acidic katundu dissociation wothandizila atuluka stepwise. Chakupha sulfide wa hydrogen ndi woopsa ngakhale pa mlingo yaing'ono. Zili mpweya pafupifupi maperesenti 0.1 sulfide wa hydrogen kumabweretsa ziwalo za pakati kupuma ndi imfa ya chikumbumtima. Mwachitsanzo, lodziwika bwino zachilengedwe Pliniy Starshy anafa BC 79 m'ma, zinali sulfide wa hydrogen, amene anapanga pa kuphulika kwa Vesuvius.

Chifukwa zochita za sulfide wa hydrogen poizoni mu mogwirizana ake mankhwala ndi hemoglobin m'magazi. Iron ali mapuloteni izi ndipamene sulfide ndi sulfide wa hydrogen.

The pazipita kololeka ndende ya sulfide wa hydrogen mu mlengalenga akuti ndi 0.01 mg / L. Monga mankhwala ntchito inhalation ya mpweya choyera kapena mpweya, limene dongosolo pali pang'ono kuchuluka kwa chlorine.

Kugwira ntchito ndi sulfide wa hydrogen amafuna zoletsedwa ndi malamulo ena chitetezo. Zimene zonse za izi mankhwala gaseous nazo zipangizo losindikizidwa ndi fume zolengedwa.

Njira yopangira sulfide wa hydrogen

Kodi kupeza sulfide wa hydrogen mu labu? Amene ambiri ndi anzake a haidrojini ndi sulfure ndi. Izi mankhwala anachita amatanthauza pawiri imene ikuchitika mu fume nyumba.

Komanso, ntchito yokonza ndiponso mwina sulfide wa hydrogen mu kuwombola pakati pa sulfide chitsulo cholimba (2) ndi yankho la asidi sulfuric kapena hydrochloric. Kupeza chifukwa zimenezi, mu mayeso chubu yokwanira kutenga ndalama zochepa sulfure, si upambana kukula kwa mtola a. Komanso, chubu (theka buku) Chinawonjezeka njira asidi, ndi nthuzi chubu chatsekedwa. chipangizo aikidwa pansi pa nyumba, chubu ndi mkangano. The mankhwala anachita limodzi ndi kumasulidwa thovu mpweya. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti alenge sulfide wa hydrogen kupeza zochuluka zokwanira kulingalira mankhwala katundu wake.

Kodi njira zina? Pokonza zasayansi wa sulphide wa hydrogen izo amaloledwa mwa kuchita zachitsulo zachitsulo (pansi nyumba a) ndi crystalline sulfure, kenako zimene sulfide ndi asidi sulfuric.

katundu mankhwala

Haidrojeni sulfide amachitira ndi mpweya mu mpweya, yoyaka mtundu bluish. Pankhani ya mankhwala kwathunthu kuyaka zimachitika ali woipa sulfure (4) ndi madzi. Popeza kuti ng'anjo mpweya ndi okusayidi m'maderawo mu njira, ndipamene ofooka asidi sulfurous, chekeni buluu litmus pepala wofiira.

Mu nkhani ya ndalama osakwanira wa sulfide wa hydrogen anapanga crystalline sulfure. Zimenezi amati ndi ndondomeko mafakitale yopangira sulufule sulfide wa hydrogen koyera.

Mankhwala izi kuzindikiridwa ndi sichisinthasinthanso kwambiri. Iwo amaoneka Mwachitsanzo, mwa kuchita ndi mchere, halogens. Pofuna kuchita mu m'galasi zotani zofanana ndi machubu mayeso ndi chlorine ndi bromine anatsanulira sulfide njira, discoloration unkachitika. Monga mankhwala anachita unkachitika mapangidwe sulfure crystalline.

Pamene mankhwala anachita wa sulfide wa hydrogen ndi madzi mapangidwe hydronium cation H3O +.

Haidrojeni sulfide akhoza kupanga mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala: sulfides (sing'anga mchere) ndi hydrosulfides (acidic mchere).

Mu dziko soda ndi zamchere zitsulo sulfides ndi mankhwala colorless. Mu zitsulo (mkuwa, faifi tambala, kutsogolera), amakhala akuda. Manganese sulfide ali ndi mtundu pinki. Ambiri a mchere musati kupasuka mu madzi.

Mkhalidwe anachita sulfides kupeza ntchito mogwirizana ndi njira zamkuwa sulphate (2). The mankhwala a mogwirizana ngati ali wakuda precipitate cha sulfide mkuwa (2).

Pomaliza

Mu chikhalidwe, mankhwala ndi mu mchere akasupe, mipweya chiphala. pawiri Izi ndi chipatso cha oipa zomera ndi nyama zamoyo, izo chimasiyanitsa fungo khalidwe la sulfide wa hydrogen. Natural sulfides opezeka zikuchokera zitsulo kawirikawiri mu zitsulo za iwo kulandira zinthu zoyenera. Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti sulfide wa hydrogen ndi amphamvu chakupha mankhwala.