Njira zopewera nkhondo. Kuteteza nkhondo m'gulu ndi sukulu

Kodi n'zotheka nkhondo wopanda nzeru gulu chikhalidwe monga sekondale sukulu? Inde, ngati sukulu mu obisika Chibuda ku Tibet.

Kulephera kuti achotse mikangano za tsiku ndi tsiku - njira ya chitukuko cha makhalidwe a anthu

Mu moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku ayi mikangano ndi kusamvana - chodabwitsa zosatheka. Kuti mikangano ndi kugunda zinthu mwa anthu mumutsogolere ku MASOKA laling'ono kapena lalikulu chikhalidwe, tiyenera kuphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito nkhondo. Ndipotu ndi anthu? Izi ndi gulu limene tikukhalali ndi amene akudalira - banja, sukulu, ntchito. Mikangano sayenera tiyeni mwangozi. Ngati simungathe kukusalani iwo ku moyo wosatha, ndiye azindiphunzitsa zamoyo zina za nkhondo, kutumiza mphamvu zowononga ku chiwonongeko kwa chilengedwe.

mikangano chinachititsa mkati ambiri mabungwe sekondale

Kukhala bwino kupewa mikangano, m'pofunika kumvetsa akamanena za mavuto, kutsogolera ku akuchuluka ubale pakati pa anthu. M'nkhaniyi, ife adzatuluka zochitika zokhudza kulera mwana. Ndiko, timaona mikangano mbali ya maphunziro a bungwe maphunziro.

Mikangano okhudzana ndi sukulu, nthawi zambiri zimakhudza zinthu za m'badwo wamng'ono, pakati ndi akulu, makolo kapena oimira ndi aphunzitsi, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale kayendetsedwe ndi luso ndodo ya sukulu zasekondale.

Kupewa ndi kusamvana ya mikangano akuwuka mu chilengedwe sukulu, amafuna njira wanzeru ndi woganiza. lochitira Social, mavuto a osamukawo, zaka ndi makhalidwe thupi - zonsezi kuzichita maganizo wapadera kumanga Kapangidwe ka ubale pakati pa mamembala a magulu osiyana siyana. Mu nkhani sekondale n'kofunika kumanga nkhondo lopanda paubwenzi, osati pakati pa ophunzira, komanso ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi, pakati pa aphunzitsi ndi makolo, komanso pakati pa aphunzitsi ndi ndodo ena a m'banja. Awa ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika za pulogalamu pa gulu la njira zabwino moyo sukulu ndi kapewedwe wabwino nkhondo chikhalidwe m'tsogolo.

Mikangano lingaliro chikhalidwe

Nkhondo - Mkangano wa zofuna za magulu awiri kapena kuposa nawo chimodzi kwa iwo, ndondomeko chikhalidwe, koma pazifukwa zina impeding mnzake mu kuzindikira zolinga achikhalire.

Kuthana ndi zotsutsana kuti chimayambitsa vuto nkhondo, nthawi zonse kumabweretsa patsogolo. Ngati anali amachita kuthetsa kukopa njira ndiwofatsa, chiyambi cha chiopsezo N'kuthekanso kupita chammbuyo, mwa kulankhula kwina, thandizo.

Njira popewa mikangano monga zotsutsana akuti chomwe chinapangitsa yatsoka mabungwe matanthauzo udindo yekha, komanso kufunika kwawo. Nkhondo facilitates kumvetsa maphwando cholinga chawo ndi kukwaniritsa kupezeka zotsimikizika.

Kuteteza nkhondo mu bungwe, banja kapena gulu ana ikuphatikizapo kudziŵa magwero a zinthu zowononga ndi kupeza mphamvu galimoto zimene timatsatira ndondomeko ku zipolowe zinthu.

Mbiri paradigms nkhondo chikhalidwe

Mbiri Kutsutsana kupeza paradigms ziwiri zimene zafala mwambo mavuto mu ubale - maganizo ndi chikhalidwe.

chifukwa maganizo ndi zotsatira za kusiyana makhalidwe, chikhalidwe, analeredwa ndi maganizo.

Social chimayambitsa zambiri zakuya chifukwa ndi lochitira chuma, komanso funso odetsedwa.

Ndi mtima wofuna watanthauzo ndi opindulitsa positi ku sukulu, phindu mu Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa maola chiphunzitso akukankha aphunzitsi kukumanizana poyerekezera ndi anzake ndi kutsutsa yokha ophunzira ena ndondomeko chikhalidwe.

Zovuta mthupi mwawo mwa madokotala anzake likutithandizanso ana ophunzira angathe Pankhondoyi.

mikangano zinthu zogwirizana

Mkangano kosamalira mu imodzi ya ndodo chingachokere mikangano chidwi zokhudza gulu la ndondomeko ya ntchito. Zingakhalenso chifukwa cha chizindikiro anthu paokhapaokha. Zingayambitse ubale onse nduna ndipo mwamwayi pakati pa aliyense payekha ndodo.

Kupeweratu mikangano mu kuchepa kwa zinthu zotiyenereza nkhondo lopanda kuli n'zosathekadi, kotero muyenera chenjezo ndi nkhondo kupewa.

Kufunika dongosolo nkhondo

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mikangano. Amene ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi zokhudza gulu la mabungwe sekondale maphunziro. Kuteteza nkhondo m'gulu la apuma pa mapewa a mtsogoleri gulu. Kuti lomvera subordinated dera lake, iye ayenera kumvetsetsa asapita pakati pa anthu abwino ndi chozama kupitirira ogwira ntchito wamba, kuganizira zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, ali okhoza kuchita destructively pa nyengo maganizo mu timu.

Kuti mudziwe kuti amenyane zinthu zovuta, amene ali pankhondo ayenera kumvetsa tanthauzo lalikulu la chodabwitsa lapansi. Kuti timvetsetsetse chikhalidwe cha nkhondo ayenera kuphunzira mmene kupeza woopsawo zolumikizira - magwero amaona kuti zikhoza mikangano zoipa mwa anthu.

Kupatukana ndi mtundu wa nkhondo

mikangano yonse akhoza kugawidwa mu mitundu yambiri.

1. Umoyo maganizo, banja ndi banja, maganizo ndi kupanga ndiponso nkhondo zachuma ndi mikangano, mnzake wa mitundu ya mawonetseredwe.
2. Mikangano komanso amaphatikiza nthawi ndi mphamvu. Iwo akhoza kukhala wamkulu ndi makonsolo, indolent ndi chipwirikiti, pachimake ndi slabovyrazhennymi.
3. Iwo agawidwa ndi dera, mwa kulankhula kwina, mwina lotha, intergroup, lotha ndi intrapersonal-gulu.
4. gulu lina imakhala ya mikangano ndi kukhalapo kwa chinthu mkangano - otchedwa weniweni (substantive) mikangano. Popeza amenewa chinthu - motero, zonama, kuti ndi zokhumudwitsa.
5. zimayambitsa zosiyanasiyana ndi magwero a chiyambi wafunsira kuphatikiza mu gulu limodzi nkhondo cholinga ndi zotengera malingaliridwe chikhalidwe, nkhondo lathu lenileni ndi chikhalidwe, komanso maganizo, chikhalidwe ndi mafakitale mikangano.
6. gulu lina lonena za lathu kulankhula za kusagwirizanako. Izi zikhoza kukhala ofukula, yopingasa, ndi choyimira losanganikirana.

Tanthauzo ndi reorientation nkhondo ndi vekitala

Mikangano, monga ife tikudziwira, simungathe kokha apamtima zoipa, komanso positive. Iwo akhoza kukhala owononga ndi zaphindu monga yotayikitsa, kulenga. zinthu izi zisanu ndi n'komwe mu kusanthula mavuto chikhalidwe. Kuteteza nkhondo kusukulu monga munthu mwa njira yothetsera mavuto yovuta mwa achinyamata ndi ophunzira m'sukulu za pulayimale amapereka zambiri ntchito njira kuti kufika mkangano vekitala.

gulu lina - ndi zimayamba yokakamiza, mowiriza ndipo anakonza, wololera komanso kugonana poyera ndi Yemen. Ndi mitundu yonse yosiyana ndi digiri ya kugunda.

Malinga ndi kuthetsa kukula ndi njira ndi mikangano ankatsutsa ndi wololera, sungunuka, insoluble ndi pang'ono sungunuka.

Real (nkhani) zochokera nkhondo wakhala anasonyeza zifukwa. zolinga zake okha kuchuluka kwa kuthekera imeneyi makamaka.

nkhondo analikodi (zonama) chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zobisika, anapeza resentments ndi maganizo. Chotero nkhondo si kawirikawiri ndi cholinga zaphindu.

Molumikizana khalidwe achinyamata sing'anga

chilengedwe sukulu chimakhala chogwidwa ndi intrapersonal, lotha, intergroup ndi lotha-gulu mikangano.

Pakuti lililonse intrarole antagonisms kwambiri intrapersonal ndi yapakati-udindo. nkhondo yapakati-udindo kumachitika pamene munthu amakakamizidwa maudindo awiri kapena kuposa. Nthawi zambiri zinthu izi anasonyeza wotsutsana ndi makhalidwe abwino.

Kunyamula intrapersonal nkhondo vuto la kusankha zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Kusankha chochuluka njira zina zothetsera kusamvana. Nkhondo kumachitika pamene chipeneko.
• nkhondo Intrapersonal kumachitika pamene inu kusankha bwino anthu osauka, iwo amati, wamng'ono zoipa ziwiri. Internal kukana - intrapersonal nkhondo.
• Mkangano wa maganizo zosiyana. Kumachitika pamene Anzawo Timalephera kosiyana osiyana vutoli.

mikangano Intergroup wapatsidwa mfundo za maganizo ndi zosowa munthawi yomweyo nawo olowa pa magulu awiri kapena kuposa ndi mfundo zosiyana ndi maganizo pankhaniyi. zoterezi pafupifupi nthawi zonse lathu osokonekera.

mikangano magawano ali pamwambawa ndi ochiritsira ndithu. Mu moyo weniweniwo, mu mawonekedwe woyera kapena mtundu wina zimachokeradi. Koma kupewa mikangano kusukulu kuti akhale ogwira mtima, ayenera kukhala kusiyanitsa ndi kulinganiza zinthu zovuta kuti angabuke ndondomeko kulankhulana.

Popeza mikangano ndi mbali yofunika ya alankhulane mkati timu, kupewa mikangano amagwirabe n'chongoletsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha zimene tatchulazi chodabwitsa. Tikumbukenso kuti kasamalidwe mwaluso nkhondo, ulamuliro wa timu ya aphunzitsi, komanso ntchito ndi makolo angathandize kuti kusintha kwa ntchito wophunzira, ndi kulenga microclimate wathanzi m'kalasi osiyana, ndi m'chiphunzitso ndodo ya sukulu wonse.

Mpikisano njira kugwiritsa ntchito mkangano mu mzere ndi chilengedwe

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana za kupewa mikangano, mwachitsanzo - mpikisano. Chikhumbo iyende mkulu ndiponso kuphunzira mwambo mawonekedwe kuwalimbikitsa kuti umodzi losonkhanitsidwa ndi kulemekezana. Komabe, alinso mbuna zake. Magulu omenyanawa, ogwirizana umodzi wa gululo, wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba kuchokera mpikisano. Ndi zinadzala ndi zikamera nkhondo yapakati-gulu. More mphamvu, kupeza pantchito, mwina amakana kupitiriza kulimbana, komanso chipani ofooka adzaleka kuyesetsa kuti zinthu ziwayendere wopambana. Imeneyi, ndodo chiphunzitso oyang'anira sukulu ayenera kukhala mokoma monga njira zotheka ndi wololera kusankha mwambo chandamale. Ophunzira aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi mwayi weniweni kuwina mu machesi iliyonse.

Kugwira ntchito ndi makolo njira yosokoneza nyengo sukulu

Imodzi mwa ntchito za nkhondo ndi kuzindikira mavuto Kale, Zimalepheretsa nyengo mu bungwe, ndiye, mu kalasi, kusukulu kapena banja makamaka.

Kuteteza nkhondo ya achinyamata kuchita maola m'kalasi zoyenera nkhani ana. Ntchito ya zamaganizo sukulu ayenera umalimbana kuyan'anila boma maganizo a ophunzira. Pa makolo ndi aphunzitsi misonkhano ya nthawi ayenera kuperekedwa pa maphunziro kunyumba poganizira ochiritsira ndi mayesero a nthawi makhalidwe ndi miyezo abwino.

Kuyambira mfundo zinchito maganizo, zotsatira zabwino ndi zothandiza akhoza zimachitika nkhondo kukwaniritsa kumvetsa, Kupha motsata kubadwa kwa kukhulupirira, kulimbitsa ubwenzi.

Wachisoni (osokonekera) zotsatira za mkangano - izi ndi ponso kudana mkati timu, kupewa mavuto zokwawa m'madera chidwi sukulu ndi maphunziro pa akunja, nthawi zambiri osatetezeka pankhani ana. Chifukwa - zikamera wa mavuto, kumene kungakhudze ana ndi akulu omwe.

Popeza ntchito za nkhondo bwanji osauka mwauzimu ndi makhalidwe dera, kuti atenge njira yawo - choncho ali pangozi yaikulu monga mbali ya moyo wa anthu am'gululo.

Lekani mikangano mu timu ana akhoza kukhala pa siteji iliyonse

Lekani nkhondo akhoza kukhala pa siteji iliyonse. The kale vuto limatinso, ang'onoang'ono imfa ya zipani chikumenyana anathabuka.

kasamalidwe nkhondo ndi kuti magulu otsutsana kapena gulu lina kuti si kumatanthauza kanthu, ndiko kuti, arbitrator ndale, ndawala Maganizo a zinthu.

Kuteteza nkhondo mu gulu ili:

• oyambirira kudziwika mavuto amene akanakhoza apute, ndipo yotani chitukuko cha zinthu;
• Kupewa mikangano ndi zolimbikitsa ena;
• neutralization wa mkangano.

Njira kupewa mavuto aakulu chifukwa cha chidani tonse maphwando kutsutsidwa

Kuteteza nkhondo ndi kuteteza chitukuko cha zinthu yomangika zimene zingachititse kuwonongedwa kwa nyengo yachibadwa mu timu. Kupewa zolephera mu malamulo okhazikika bwino wa bungwe lirilonse, kuphatikizapo sukulu, ndi ntchito wotsogolera nyimbo. Kuteteza nkhondo pedagogical - ndi kutsatira yake ya kusintha zikuchitika mu ubale wa atumiki, luso kuoneratu zina zinkachitikazo ndi kupewa zotsatira zoipa.

njira kupewa mikangano monga osiyanasiyana miyeso. Onse a iwo ayenera mosamalitsa Pamilunguyo. Komanso njira izi za kupewa mikangano ayenera kukhala leitmotif wa gulu la ntchito za peculiarities lalikulu ndi zovuta psycho-thupi ngati la polojekitiyi, mabungwe ang'onoang'ono, kodi ndi sekondale.

M'pofunika kugwirizanitsa la mgwirizano chikhalidwe mwa chiphunzitso ndodo ya aphunzitsi ndi thandizo ndodo ya sukulu, komanso pakati pa ophunzira. Pa misonkhano makolo ndi aphunzitsi iyenera kuchitikira ntchito ofotokozera pa oyamba mu chikumbumtima kufunika kwa makolo kuyesetsa olowa kwa maphunziro wa ana mu mzimu wa collectivism ndi ntchito chikhalidwe. Kulimbikitsa kulolerana ndi kulemekeza oimira mitundu sanali titular - izo ndi kupewa bwino mikangano interethnic. Panopa vuto limeneli makamaka pachimake, ndipo kawirikawiri chifukwa cha nkhondo.

woyang'anira ayenera kumanga ubale mwa gulu, kutenga nkhani makhalidwe a anthu paokhapaokha ndi zizindikiro zawo maganizo. Pamene Kupeleka ntchito ndi gulu la anthu ayenera kofunika kuti amakonda mwagwirizana ndipo safuna anthu.

Chilamulo "Pa maphunziro", Labour Code ndi hayala wa bungwe la maphunziro chiyenera kuchitika mosamalitsa.

Kuganizira - chikoka ina yofunika kwambiri pa gulu ndi bwino kupewa mikangano. Mwaluso chuma anasankha mbali ndi angathe kuthandiza kupewa mitundu yonse ya zochitika zosasangalatsa.

aphunzitsi mutu ndi ntchito yophunzitsa ayenera kugwira zintchito kugwirizanitsa ophunzira ndi kuyankha mitundu yonse ya mikangano. Kuteteza nkhondo ubwana kwakukulukulu apuma pa mapewa a aphunzitsi. Ana nthawi yambiri awo kusukulu. Kulankhulana ndi makolo amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa kusiyana ndi anzawo. Komabe, banja ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa maganizo, magwiridwe ntchito zokhudza mwanayo. Pachifukwa ichi, kupewa mikangano banja pamlingo winawake ndi aphunzitsi ntchito kalasi.

Kulembera ndi systematization wa zolumikizira woopsawo

Matenda a nkhondo Cholinga kuzindikira mphamvu ya moto. Umoyo maganizo matenda a nkhondo ndi kuzindikira chimene mtundu wa chikoka pa khalidwe ndi kutsitsimuka kwa munthu akhoza kukhala nacho ichi kapena kuti chitukuko cha zochitika, kaya kapena ayi ndi zotsutsana. Adequacy ndi lomveka amaonera zinthu, ndi zotengera malingaliridwe ndi cholinga zinachitikira anthu nawo mbali, komanso kuwerenga maganizo nkhondo ndi phunziro la kuthetsa kusamvana.

A zabwino njira muyeso ndicho kupenda zinthu osokonekera mu mabungwe zomwe zachitika m'mbuyomu ndi m'mabukhu a pa pedagogy ndi kuthetsa kusamvana chikhalidwe, komanso kuphunzira nkhondo zosiyanasiyana kungom'langiza ndi kuyezetsa.

structuring Kutsutsana

Kanfliktnuyu vuto, anapezeka pa siteji oyambirira, zimakhala zosavuta kuti asiye popanda kudikira gawo yovuta. Kuti tichite zimenezi, njira zina. Choyamba m'pofunika kuti afotokoze dongosolo la nkhondo, ndiye kuti chiwembu chonse cha chitukuko chilengedwe zinthu.

Kapangidwe nkhondo zikuphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi: nkhani ya mkangano, nkhani nkhondo, ubale pakati pa zipani ndi chilengedwe kunja chikhalidwe ali zimakhudzanso nkhani.

chiwembu Universal tichipeza zigawo ziwiri - wapakamwa ndi khalidwe sanali wapakamwa maphwando ndi ofanana kuti akamanena za kusagwirizanako, zochita za mbali inayo, njira zofooketsa mdani, kusankha options kulimbikitsa udindo wawo. Nkofunika kudziwa maganizo a zipani kufika wolungama ndi cholinga chawo ndi zimene zikutanthauza kuti ali okonzeka kuvala kukhazikitsa. A udindo wapadera ayenera kuchita umalimbana chilengedwe cha chifaniziro chake ndi chifanizo cha mdani.

Nkofunika kufotokoza cholinga chachikulu cha nkhondo. Tanthauzo ndi Zikuvumbulutsidwa kwa ophunzira za zotsatira zake zomalizira za nkhondo, ndicho, kodi idzagwira chitukuko cha vutoli, zina, amakhala mapeto ndi nkhondo yokha.

Kuti vuto si alikukonzeka watsopano, kuti amfunsefunse mwatsatanetsatane nkhondo m'madera onse. miyeso panthawi yake anatengedwa mu ulemu vuto lomwelo ndi kupewa osati izi, koma m'nkhondo zina zambiri.

Ntchito pa chilengedwe cha nyengo wathanzi mu bungwe lirilonse, kuphatikizapo kusukulu, komanso kupewa mikangano mu ndondomeko anthu, ophunzira ayenera ikuchitika mosalekeza.

Monga m'sukulu, umunthu Kapangidwe ka sukulu ana ndi ntchito chikhalidwe anatumizidwa ku izo mwa anthu, amafuna njira makamaka samalani ndi moyenera kuti kupewa mikangano ndi ku nyumba imeneyi.