Mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha umunthu - ikuyandikira waukulu kuphunzira

Pa kuli chitukuko onse pa mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi sayansi, zachitika zambiri maganizo pa zimene mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha umunthu. Kusiyana kumeneku ndi chifukwa njira yosiyana kumvetsa ndi kumasulira mmene cholinga galimoto mphamvu zimenezi, komanso kulungamitsidwa kwa zikhumbo za maganizo amene amalamulira khalidwe la munthu aliyense, ndi zomwe ziri mwangwiro zotengera malingaliridwe. Mu kuphunzira chikhalidwe cha chitukuko n'kofunika kuti luntha ndi njira zosiyanasiyana, ndi zina zambiri zomwe, njira imodzi kapena wina, ulembedwe mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha umunthu.

Chotero mfundo anapanga lingaliro, mwakuti sayansi masiku ano bwino kusiyanitsa iwo, pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya gulu la ziphunzitso anthu chitukuko ndi umunthu nambala mbali wamba kwa iwo.

Tiyeni tikambirane zina mwa izo mwa mawu a kukonza kusiyana kwambiri, ndi zofunika sayansi.

Chiphunzitso psychoanalytic amaona angathe kukwaniritsa umunthu monga masoka njira imene pali zachilengedwe anatengera anthu moyo mwa chilengedwe, chimene chiri chibadidwe iye monga mtundu kwachilengedwenso. Malinga ndi m'modzi wa omwe adayambitsa ndi maganizo Freud, mu chimango cha ndondomeko imeneyi, chiyambi cha ntchito yeniyeni kumatenda ndi kugwirizana nawo potentialities munthu zosowazo.

Malinga ndi mfundo sitiroko, ndi kudzikonda adzadziwire kugwirizana ndi citukuko mu pompo-pompo mapangidwe khalidwe, zomwe si correlate ndi aliyense wa njira zodziwika kwachilengedwenso. Chinthu patsogolo mu chimango cha chiphunzitso ndi mfundo imeneyi si olondola kwa chilengedwe chikhalidwe, anthu.

Lingaliro la kuphunzira chikhalidwe kwambiri ngati wa zamaganizo zamakono Chaanthu otchedwa socialization ndondomeko. Malinga ndi zimene amakhulupirirazi, chitukuko munthu - ndi, poyamba pa zonse, ndi mosadodometsedwa ndondomeko ya kufufuza anthu njira zina ndi njira mogwirizana ndi khalidwe chikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyo anabweretsa mitundu kutsogolo mogwirizana lotha.

Poganizira mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha umunthu, kuwerenga maganizo phenomenological ndife malangizo ake a anthu kutanthauzira izo monga gulu la munthuyo wake "Ine-chitsanzo", zili nyemba ndi yosokoneza kwambiri ndipo anakonzeratu osati yamakolo zinthu, komanso m'maganizo ndi m'thupi.

Mu theka lachiwiri la atumwi wotsiriza anayamba kufalitsa ndipo kwambiri otchuka integrative mfundo chitukuko cha munthu. Iwo akadali mulibe maina okhazikika bwino, kotero angapezeke mu matchalitchi amene amati ndi view mgwirizano wa umunthu ndiponso njira zake chitukuko, ambiri a mbali alipo mu zomangamanga ndi Cosmological, munthu njira integrative umagwiritsidwa ndi mwa ziphunzitso zina zachipembedzo.

Integrative mfundo amafuna kogwirizanitsa zosiyanasiyana, kale kukonza mfundo ndi maganizo momwe mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha umunthu. Mu chimango cha pofuna kuyang'ana pa ndondomeko izi pamaso pa kumvetsa dongosolo. Chimodzi mwa ziphunzitso odziwika bwino kwambiri chitukuko integrative ndi chiphunzitso cha American zamaganizo wotchuka Katswiri E. Erikson. wasayansi Izi zakhala otchedwa mfundo epigenetic, ozikidwa pa lingaliro Wonenedwa kuti umunthu mu citukuko akapitirira ndondomeko ya nthawi, amene yodziwika ndi amanena kwa anthu onse. Gawo lotsatira zambiri umatha ndi vuto limene likuthandiza kupambana anthu zodzinenera onse kuti akhoza anapereka kwa izo pa siteji iyi ya chitukuko mu chimango cha chilengedwe moyo ndi chikhalidwe.

Chotero mapangidwe ndi chitukuko umunthu Erikson kutanthauziridwa monga kusintha kwambiri a dziko wamkati, dongosolo ubale ndi anthu ozungulira ndi chikhalidwe, amene mosavuta ndikuoneka makhalidwe a umunthu, makhalidwe ndi maganizo ake. Chiwerengero cha amenewa kusintha-mavuto Erickson kuzindikiridwa Mfundo zisanu ndi zitatu, zochokera kusanthula akuluakulu kusintha obwera ndi ukalamba amene chibadidwe mu anthu ambirimbiri. Iganizireni mfundo Erickson wonse, ayenera kuzindikira kuti ponena za udindo wa view integrative za ndondomeko ya mapangidwe dzina, si ufulu ku zochita za chiphunzitso psychoanalytic.