Masewera a Minsk ndi madera ake. Minsk, Belarus. Museum of War, Minsk

Zochitika za Minsk ndi madera ake akuyenera kufufuza mozama komanso mosamala. Mzinda wokongola komanso wamakono wamakono wa ku Ulaya unali utangobisika kwathunthu pansi pa mabwinja a Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse. Komabe, adatha kuwuka phulusa, ndipo nyumba zambiri za m'mbirimo zinatha kusungidwa. Zomangamanga zina zimayenera kubwezeretsedwa mogwirizana ndi maumboni ndi zithunzi zomwe zakhalapobe, koma izi sizinawonongeke. Nkhaniyi idzafotokozedwa pazokambirana za likulu la Belarus.

Museum of Civil Aircraft

Kudziwa bwino ndi mzindawu ndi alendo ambiri amayamba ndi eyapoti. Ndege ya ku Belarusiya ya Minsk-2 ili ndi makilomita makumi awiri ndi awiri kuchokera ku likulu. Kuchokera mumzinda kupita ku bwalo la ndege komanso mosiyana, mukhoza kutenga nambala ya basi ya 300E, yomwe ili pafupi 15,000 ma ruble a Belarus amakufikitsani ku Central Bus Station. Makampu a Minsk adzakhala okondwa kuyendera munthu aliyense woyenda. Mmodzi mwa iwo, wodzipatulira kumalo okwera ndege m'masiku a USSR, ali pa dera la ndege. Zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri za zomangamanga za Soviet zimaonekera poyera. Mapale a chosonkhanitsa ndi awa: Tu-134A (Tu-134 version), yomwe inalengedwa m'ma 1960 Yak-40 (ndege zazing'ono zochepa), zomwe zimayendera ndege zam'deralo, zabwino AN-2 (chimbudzi cha chimanga) chinapangidwa kumadera akutali a 1940.

"Minsk Gates"

Zochitika za Minsk ndi madera ake ali pafupi ndi sitima yapamtunda ya mzindawo. Nyumbayi yokha ndi yokongola kwambiri yokonza nyumba. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, alendo atsopano a mumzinda wa Belarus amatha kuchita zinthu zambiri zofunika: zosungiramo zakumwa, kusinthanitsa ndalama, kugulitsa mankhwala kapena kugula zinthu. Pa malo osungiramo malo pali nsanja ziwiri, zopangidwa ndi kalembedwe ka Stalinist classicism. Chipangizochi chimatchedwa Chipata cha Minsk ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zozindikiritsa. Anamangidwa nsanja za mamita khumi ndi limodzi kuchokera 1947 mpaka 1953. Mbali ya kumtunda kwa nyumba ya kumanzere imakongoletsedwa ndi ola lalikulu, yomwe m'mimba mwake ndi mamita anayi. Njira yaikuluyi idapangidwa zaka zoposa 100 zapitazo ku Germany ndipo inabweretsedwanso ku Minsk pambuyo pa kutha kwa Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachikhalidwe. Kumanja kwa Minsk chipata ndi malaya a Belarus.

Malo Odziimira Okhaokha

Mapu a Minsk ndi zochitika mwamsanga amatitsogolera ku malo amodzi kwambiri mu mzinda - Independence Square. Pali zambiri zokopa za likulu. Mpingo wa St. Simeon ndi St. Helena, anthu ammudzi akutcha "wofiira". Nyumbayi ndi imodzi mwa mipingo yotchuka komanso yotchuka ya Katolika ku Minsk. Nthano yokongola ikugwirizana ndi zomangamanga. Ilo limanena kuti m'banja la Voinilovichi, panthawi imene tchalitchi chinamangidwa, tsiku lina mwana wake Elena anadwala kwambiri. Mu maloto mtsikanayo adawona kachisiyo ndipo adafunsa papa ndi amayi kuti amangidwe pambuyo pa imfa yake. Kenako mwana wina wamwamuna anafa m'banja, mwana wa Simeoni. Makolo osayenerera adakwaniritsa pempho la Elena ndipo tsopano tchalitchi Chofiira chimakongoletsa malo akuluakulu a likulu.

Mosiyana ndi tchalitchi pali fano la St. Michael, yemwe ndi mkulu wa Belarus. Pafupi ndi Nyumba ya Boma - chimodzi mwa zipilala zapamwamba kwambiri za constructivism. Pachilumba cha Independence ndikumanga nyumba ya ku Belarusian State Pedagogical University, mu malo oyendetsera malo omwe pali Foucault pendulum , njira yomwe imasonyezeratu kusinthasintha kwa Dziko lapansi.

Karl Marx msewu

Minsk ndi mzinda womwe uli ndi fanizo la Moscow Arbat. Kumapeto kwa sabata, m'chilimwe, pamsewu wa traffic wa Karl Marx watsekedwa, ndipo umakhala woyendayenda. Oimba, ojambula, ojambula ndi ogulitsa a nyimbo zopangidwa ndi manja ngati kuti ayime apa. Zochitika zosiyanasiyana za chikhalidwe ndi zosangalatsa zimachitikira ku Karl Marx. M'nyundo ya autumn 2013, woyamba mumzinda wa Belarusiya mumzinda wa malo owonetsera masewerawo unachitikira ku gawo lawo.

Independence Avenue. Nyumba ya KGB

Minsk (Belarus) anawonongedwa kwambiri panthawi ya nkhondo ndi fascists. Zinatenga nthawi yaitali kuti abwezeretse mzindawu, koma pambuyo pake adawala ndi mitundu yatsopano. Independence Avenue inali imodzi mwa zoyamba kutsitsimutsidwa. Zomangamanga pano ndi zosakaniza zodabwitsa za Art Nouveau, Empire style ndi classicism. Chimodzi mwa zochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi nyumba ya KGB, yomangidwa mu 1947 pamalo a hotelo, yomwe inawonongeka panthawi ya bomba. Pa denga lake pali nsanja yokhala ndi malo owonetsera, otchedwa "nsanja ya Tsanava". Mtsogoleri wa Ministry of National Security, Lavrenty Tsanava, adayang'anira ntchito yomanga nyumbayo m'ma 1940, ndipo kumanga nyumba ina pamwamba pa denga ndilo dongosolo lake, ngakhale caprice. Komabe, zenizeni, "Tsanava Tower" ndi malo oyanjanitsa njira yowakhazikitsanso njira yochokera ku Victory Square kupita ku Independence Square.

Mzinda wapamwamba. Freedom Square

Mapu a Minsk ndi zochitika zikuwonetsa kuti zinthu zochititsa chidwi ndi zofunikira kwambiri zakale zapitazo zili mumzinda wapamwamba. Pano pali Freedom Square - mbiri, chikhalidwe, zamalonda, zipembedzo ndi zipatala za mzinda wakale. Pamene idatchedwa Cathedral Square ndi Great Market. Pa iye panali zikondwerero, maholide, madyerero, misonkhano ya nzika. Pali zipilala zambiri zamatabwa zapitazo: mipingo ya Yesuit ndi Bernardine ya m'zaka za zana la 17, Gostiny Dvor wa m'zaka za zana la 18, zovuta za nyumba za nyumba za Basilian, komanso nyumba, zomwe zomangidwa kuyambira zaka za 18th-19th.

Pafupi ndi holo ya tauni. Kukonzekera kwake mu 1600 kunamangidwa nthawi yolandira malamulo a Minsk Magdeburg. Kuwonongedwa mu zaka za nkhondo, Town Hall inabwezeretsedwa mu 2003 malinga ndi zojambula zakale ndi zithunzi. Tsopano pafupi ndi izo mfundo za malonda zogulitsa zakhazikitsidwa. Pa Freedom Square mukhoza kupeza tchalitchi chachikulu cha dzina loyera la Virgin Mary, yemwe amadziwikanso kuti tchalitchi cha Yesuit. Nyumba iyi yokha imatsimikizira kuti nthawi ina panali kotala la dongosolo lamphamvu la mpingo.

Makedoniya a Kutsika kwa Mzimu Woyera

Zochitika za Minsk ndi madera ake ali ndi malo ambiri okhudzana ndi miyambo ndi miyambo yachipembedzo yomwe ikulamulira m'madera amenewa nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Mndandanda wawo sungakhale wosakwanira popanda kufotokozedwa kwa Katolika ku Mtsinje wa Mzimu Woyera, womwe uli pa Liberty Square. Icho chimakhala ndi kachisi wamtengo wapatali kwambiri wa mzindawo - chithunzi cha Minsk Mayi wa Mulungu, zomwe zozizwitsa zimatchulidwa. Malinga ndi nthano, Prince Vladimir wa Kiev anasamutsa chizindikiro ichi kuchokera ku Constantinople kupita ku Kiev. Panthawi ya chigawenga cha Crimea Tatars, mapepalawo anaponyedwa mu Dnieper, koma adasambira osati kumtunda, koma kumtunda, pambuyo pake, pa August 26, 1500, anapezeka pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Svisloch. Tsopano tsiku lino akuonedwa ngati holide ya Minsk Mayi wa Mulungu.

Utatu wogonjetsa

M'tawuni ya Troitskoye, mzinda wa Minsk (Belarus) watetezedwa monga momwe zinalili kumayambiriro kwa zaka zapitazo. Awa ndi malo enaake a mbiri yakale. Ili pamtunda wakumanzere wa Svisloch. Apa pali sunagoge wa Kitaev (tsopano - Nyumba ya Chilengedwe), nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale za Bogdanovich Maxim, yoperekedwa kwa asilikali a Belarus-mayiko osiyanasiyana omwe anafera ku Afghanistan, chikumbutso "Island of Tears." Chikumbutsochi chimapangidwa ngati mawonekedwe a kachisi, kumbali zonse zinayi zomwe zikuwonetsedwa akazi omwe akulira ana awo, amuna, okonda, abale ndi zidzukulu. Mukhoza kufika ku Wall Square, ku Upper Town ndi Troitskoye m'midzi ndi metro (Nemiga Station).

Oktyabrskaya malo

Awa ndiwo malo akuluakulu a mzinda ngati Minsk. Zochitika, njira yochezera yomwe ikufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi, ndizofunika kwambiri mu gawo lino la mzindawo. Pano pali Nyumba Yaikulu ya Republic, pali chizindikiro cha chipembedzo "Zero kilomita", chomwe chimayambira kuyambira kwa misewu yonse ya Belarus. Pa October Square mungathe kupita ku National Academic Theater yotchedwa Yanka Kupala (Kupalovsky), yomwe idasungidwa chimodzimodzi mu ma 1920s. Ndi chimodzi mwa zikhalidwe zakale kwambiri za dzikoli. Malo akuluakulu omwe amachitira masewerawa amatchedwa Alexander Nevsky ndipo adawonekera mu 1869. Pano pali kasupe wakale kwambiri komanso wokongola kwambiri mumzindawu - "Mnyamata wokongola", womangidwa pofuna kulemekeza kutsegula kwa madzi omwe ali ndi madzi abwino. Mukhoza kufika ku malo awa mumzindawu poyenda mumtunda ndikupita ku siteshoni "Oktyabrskaya" kapena "Kupalovskaya".

Nyumba ya Vankovichs

Nyumba ya nyumba yomwe inamangidwa m'zaka za zana la 18, ndipo tsopano nyumba yosungirako zinthu zakale, inali ya banja lolemekezeka la Vankovichs. Mtsogoleri wamkulu kwambiri wa mtundu umenewu anali Valentin Vankovich - mmodzi wa ojambula a ku Belarus amene anakhala wotchuka kunja. Minsk ndi mzinda wokhala ndi olemekezeka otchuka pa chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha dzikoli. Mukhoza kupeza lingaliro la moyo ndi moyo wa anthu otchukawa powerenga zojambula za nyumba za museum.

Chigawo cha Komine ya Paris

Mapu a Minsk amasonyeza kuti mumzinda waukulu ndi wokongolawu muli malo ambiri ochititsa chidwi komanso okhudzana ndi mbiri komanso chikhalidwe. Mmodzi wa okondedwa kwambiri ndipo akuchezeredwa ndi anthu a m'derali - dera la Paris Commune, lomwe liri ndi nyumba yoyera ya chipale chofewa cha National Academic Bolshoi Opera ndi Ballet Theatre - malo ovuta kwambiri omwe amapezeka kumalo a mbiri yakale. Palinso kasupe wamtengo wapatali, omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka ndi alendo a likululi, komanso nzika za Minsk. Kuti mukalowe m'malo okongola mungathe mphindi khumi zokha kuchokera ku sitima ya metiga ya Nemiga.

Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale yoperekedwa ku mbiri ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse

Mu 1943, pa September 30, boma la Byelorussian Museum of Great Patriotic War (Minsk) linakhazikitsidwa ndi chisankho cha Bungwe la Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolshevik). Mu 1944, pa November 7, choyamba chinatsegula zitseko zake kwa alendo ambiri. Poyamba, maulendo awiri okha adasonyezedwa mu nyumba yosungiramo zinyumba - zokhudzana ndi kumenyana ndi amitundu ndi kusindikiza ku Belarus mu nthawi ya nkhondo. Mu 1966, kumanga nyumba yatsopano yosungiramo zinthu zakale, yomwe idakonzedweratu nthawi yambiri ya WWII: mapepala a mapepala ndi magulu ankhondo, mapepala olembedwa ndi madzi a buluu, zithunzi zambiri, zikalata, zida zankhondo ndi nyuzipepala.

Pa July 4, 2014, War Museum (Minsk) inasamukira kumalo atsopano pa 8 Pobediteley Avenue. Tsopano iyi ndi chikumbutso chachikulu kwambiri, ndikupanga zonse pamodzi ndi Olesisk Minsk-Hero Obelisk. Dera lathunthu la nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ndi mamita okwana 15,000. Pali malo 10 owonetserako malo komanso Nyumba Yopambana yosangalatsa, yomwe ili pansi pa galasi loonekera. Nyumba yamakono ili ndi zipangizo zamakono (zomangamanga ndi zojambula za plasma).

Zilumba ku Minsk

Nyumba zambiri zokongola mumzinda wa Belarus zimagonjetsedwa ndi chipani cha Nazi pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Mmodzi mwa iwo ndi gulu la zomangamanga ku Victory Square. Chikumbutso chachikulu cha granite chosonyeza ziwerengero zazikulu za asilikali ndi azimayi ali ndi mamita 38 ndipo ndi chizindikiro cha Kugonjetsedwa mu Nkhondo Yaikulu Yokonda Dziko. Pa malo omwe amatchedwa mlembi wamkulu wa ku Belarus - Yakub Kolas - pali chikumbutso kwa iye, komanso zida zojambula zithunzi zoperekedwa kwa ankhondo a ntchito zake - "Agogo a Talash" ndi "Symon-music".

Kufupi ndi likululi kuli zolemba zambiri zomangika zomwe zimadziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Mmodzi wa iwo, ndithudi, ndi chikumbukiro cha "Khatyn", choperekedwa kwa ozunzidwa ndi Nkhondo Yaikuru Yachikhalidwe, yomwe ili pamtunda wa 56 wa msewu wa Minsk - Vitebsk. Chikumbutso china chachikulu ku Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachidziko - Hill of Glory - ili pamtunda wa makilomita 21 a Minsk-Minsk-2 National Airport m'dera la Smolevichy. Kutalika kwake kwalitali ndi mamita 35, kukula kwake kumakhala mamita 100.

Chikumbutso "The Line of Stalin" chomwe chili pamtunda wa 28th kuchokera ku msewu waukulu wa Minsk-Molodechno ndi ofunika. Zaperekedwa ku nkhondo yomenyera ya anthu a ku Belarus motsutsana ndi adani otha kufikako ndipo akuimira mzere wophiphiritsira wa chitetezo.

M'nkhaniyi, sizinthu zonse za Minsk ndi zozungulira zake. Zina mwa malo apaderawa alibe zofanana padziko lonse lapansi, zambiri ndizofunikira kwambiri m'mbiri. Pitani ku mzinda waukuluwu ukhale wosangalatsa kwa munthu aliyense woyenda.