Matenda a maso. Matendawa ndi mankhwala.

Maso - ndi chiwalo wokongola kwambiri mu thupi la munthu. Kudzera mwa munthu alandira 80% ya nkhani zonse ku dziko lakunja. Choncho, ngakhale imfa ya masomphenya diso limodzi la buluku ili tsoka lalikulu aliyense. Kucepesa kapena imfa ya masomphenya angayambe chifukwa cha zinthu kobadwa nako kapena kugula.

matenda diso anawagawira motere:

1. kobadwa nako

a. chibadwa anatsimikiza

b. heritable

chifukwa cha matenda intrauterine

2. Kupeza

a. opatsirana ndi yotupa

b. kuvulazidwa

mu. system (kugwirizana ndi matenda ena akuluakulu)

wa refraction (myopia, hyperopia)

Chibwenzi, ziwerengero ndi kuti akhale ndi vuto kuwonjezeka kwa zaka khumi zapitazi, matenda a maso: kwambiri adakula zochitika za khungu ndi maso akuluakulu, ndi kuchuluka chawonjezeka kwambiri mwa ana a patali (myopia). Chifukwa otaya lalikulu mudziwe ukubwera pa nthawi wagawo, chitukuko computerization, kuchuluka mpweya ndi mpweya luso, ntchito njira zamakono osiyana mayikirowevu ali kwambiri chinawonjezeka chiwerengero cha anthu osauka kapena anayamba youma diso syndrome. Ndiyeno, nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kutopa mofulumira, omangana mu maso ndi imfa ya masomphenya madzulo (presbyopia).

Komabe, ngakhale kuchuluka mitengo zochitika, tisaiwale kuti chitukuko cha pochiza matenda a maso (a sayansi kuti amaphunzira matenda a maso pakati pa anthu) zisakuyenda kwambiri litafika. Chaka pali zambiri umisiri watsopano matenda, mankhwala ndi kupewa matenda a maso.

Tsopano pali nambala yaikulu zipatala mseri zinthu zimene zili ndi zipangizo ena ndi mwayi kuchita ntchito microsurgical pa mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mathithi opaleshoni amatenga mphindi makumi awiri okha lero, koma munthu akhoza kusiya chipatala tsiku lomwelo anali kuona.

Kuyenera ananena za njira matenda. Lero, mankhwala ali zida monga ultrasound diso, kuwala Mgwirizano tomography (Oct), zomwe zimathandiza kuona nyumba onse diso mu zigawo pa mlingo wa zimakhala, fundus kamera, mungathe kuona chithunzi chonse cha fundus ndi Chithunzi izo.

Ngakhale kuti matenda diso zambiri si chakupha, anthu akuyesera njira zonse zotheka kuti apulumutse masomphenya ndipo okonzeka kulipira ndalama iliyonse, ndikungofuna kumayang'ana pa dziko lino.

Chithandizo cha matenda a maso.

Kumbali ya mankhwalawa asatayike ophthalmic ndi striding leaps ndi malire chaka kubala mankhwala atsopano kuti zikhonza kuchiza kapena kuletsa chitukuko cha matenda diso.

Mu msika mankhwala pali yaikulu zosiyanasiyana osiyana diso madontho, mafuta ndi mankhwala kuti maso, kuphatikizapo mavitamini.

Pali etiotrop mankhwala (umalimbana mwachindunji chifukwa cha) kopita, izo antibacterials (Tobrex, maksitrol), odana ndi matupi awo sagwirizana (Opatanol, alomid), antiinflammatory (Maksideks).

Tsopano kufalitsidwa yaikulu analandira mankhwala kuchepetsa kuthamanga intraocular (IOP) mu khungu, monga Travatan, Duotrav, Betoptik, Azopt, Kuzimolol etc.

Zochizira kusintha zosiyanasiyana osachiritsika mu diso (retinopathy wa prematurity, ashuga retinopathy, chokumbukira zoopsa dystrophy, zotumphukira kapena diso chapakati), akuluakulu komanso ana ntchito Retinalamin mankhwala amene amapereka kukondoweza kusinthika (kubwezeretsa) selo ya kapangidwe diso.