Mkuntho chenjezo: zikhalidwe ndi makhalidwe

Ndithudi aliyense wa ife anamva pa TV kapena pa wailesi amalandira kuchokera okamba Ankatchera akuti, "analengeza chenjezo yamkuntho." Mu malingaliro ambiri wopita kumeneko: mkuntho wandiweyani chophimba, kenako chinang'ambika ndi mphepo, kupinda kuti mphamvu ya mchitidwe mitengo ndi angapo hapless odutsa chifuniro cha tsoka okha pa msewu.

Koma aliyense amadziwa chimene chikhalidwe ndi malamulo izi chochitika nyengo? Tiyeni tifufuze.

Mkuntho (kapena mkuntho) akutchedwa mphepo yamphamvu kwambiri (kapena namondwe chidwi nyanja). chenjezo nkuntho analengeza, ndipo pamene kuyembekezera kunagwa chipale chofewa lalikulu. Izi chodabwitsa chachibadwa zimapanga kuwononga moyo wa munthu ndi zomangamanga midzi. Akhudzidwa kwambiri pamene kufala mkuntho mzere kapangidwe ka galasi ndi zitsulo kuunika, ndiponso mipata wobiriwira.

mavuto aakulu chikuyembekezeka pamene chenjezo nkuntho analengeza mu Moscow ndiponso mizinda ina yaikulu ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto. Mphepo ndi mvula kuwononga miyala mobisa, chifukwa cha zomwe phula kwenikweni kugwa pansi galimoto. Nthawi zambiri, pambuyo mikuntho ya chotipinga ndi ziwalo kuyenda pa m'madera ambiri.

Asayansi American aona kuti kumpoto M'madera a zitunda chenjezo mkuntho ayenera likabukitsidwe pa milandu pamene liwiro mphepo ukufika mailosi sate-faifi pa ola (kapena makilomita makumi asanu).

Polemba liwiro mphepo ya makilomita sikisite pa ora mkuntho afika dzina lakelake.

Asayansi, meteorologists apeza angapo zapansi wa zosayembekezereka ya mkuntho:

• chimphepo (mwina etiology otentha kapena osiyana) kudutsa;
• mphepo yamkuntho, thrombus kapena mphepo yamkuntho;
• wamba kapena mazunzo chiphaliwali.

Liwiro mphepo mu mkuntho mamita oposa makumi awiri pa mphindi (pamene kuyeza padziko lapansi). Akafike chandamale mamita makumi atatu pa mkuntho chachiwiri mwalamulo kutembenukira mu "mphepo yamkuntho". Ngati kuwonjezeka mu liwiro ndi nyengo yochepa, kenako kudumpha akuitanidwira squalls.

chenjezo nkuntho ankalengeza meteorologists kuneneratu liwiro mphepo kuposa mfundo zisanu ndi zinayi pa za Beaufort lonse. Komanso pa sikelo izi zimagawidwa mwamphamvu:

• mphepo yamkuntho (mfundo khumi Beaufort kapena kuti 28,5 m / s);
• mkuntho (mfundo khumi pa Beaufort kapena kuti 32,6 m / s).

Malinga ndi malo mapangidwe mphepo ndi:

• otentha;
• subtropical;
• mphepo yamkuntho (Atlantic Ocean dera);
• Mkuntho (Pacific).

Mikuntho wotchuka ndi mavuto awo

Mu 1824, izo kwathunthu anasefukira St. Petersburg. Chifukwa cha mkuntho ndi madzi nyanja Neva ndiponso ngalande zake zosawerengeka. kuchira madzi unali wolunjika pa masentimita 410. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ngakhale dzana chiwawa cha zinthu kwambiri sakuyenda nyengo chenjezo mkuntho analengeza, koma anthu ambiri ananyalanyaza machenjezo ndi kupita kukayenda pa promenade lapansi.

Mu 1931, madzi osefukira aakulu kakusintha ambiri Chinese mzinda wa Gaoyou ndi malo ake. Mu nyengo ya mvula yamvula pomizika kunja kwa mtsinje wa Yellow Mtsinje. Chifukwa, mahekitala oposa zikwi mazana atatu a dziko anali pansi pa madzi. Popanda denga anali pafupifupi mamiliyoni makumi Chinese. M'madera ena, malinga okha, madzi linali pafupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.