"M'madzi" kubwereketsa makampani ndege

Kodi "chonyowa" kubwereketsa makampani ndege? Kodi izo? Pa mafunso amenewa ndi ena ife adzayankha m'nkhani ino. Ndege kubwereketsa pangano lotchedwa Baibulo, lomwe ntchito kwa ogulidwa ndi ntchito mbalame zitsulo, ndi zida pansiyi ndipo zomangamanga. chilangochi Chili mamangidwe a dongosolo la amachotsera ndi lendi nyanja.

leases opaleshoni

Amadziwika kuti "chonyowa" kubwereketsa ndi mbali yofunika ya chipinda cha opareshoni. Kubwereketsa makampani, ndege ndi opanga ntchito machitidwe osiyanasiyana yoperekera mu lendi ndege. Anthu zofunika ndi ziwiri: zachuma kubwereketsa ndi ntchito.

ndege malonda nthawi zambiri lendi ndi zamalonda ndege malonda ndi kubwereketsa (CASL), awiri amphamvu ambiri a iwo - Genesis Capital Aviation Services (GECAS) ndi mayiko pangano Finance Corporation (ILFC).

Opaleshoni leases zambiri yochepa. Chimakhala pasanathe zaka khumi, zomwe zimachititsa chidwi pamene zapamadzi m'pofunika kuyamba polojekiti (mwamphamvu) kapena kutambasuka mlandu wa transporter boma.

Chifukwa leases opaleshoni yochepa ndege ndiotetezedwa ku zoti likuwonongeka. mphindi ino m'mayiko ambiri ndi zofunika kwambiri chifukwa zosintha pafupipafupi malamulo okhudza malo ndi phokoso. Nanga limati kumene zochepa creditworthy ndege (mwachitsanzo, akale mayiko Soviet Union)? Apa, ntchito kubwereketsa ndi njira yokhayo kugula ndegeyo kwa ndege ya.

Komanso, kampani ndi ntchito zifika kusinthasintha: kumakhaladi angathe kutsogolera ogwira ntchito zombo kukula, mgwirizano ndi kum'kulitsa mu mzere ndi akumufuna.

amortization

Pamene ntchito kubwereketsa zida pa pangano si mokwanira depreciated. Kumapeto kwa moyo wake kuti akhonza lendi kapena kubwerera kwa mwini. Komano, phindu yotsalira pa mapeto a ndege pangano ndi zofunika kwa mwini. Mwini kuitanitsa kuti zida anabwerera unachitikira yokonza (mwachitsanzo, C-cheke), kuti amathamangira kulanda ndi woyendetsa lotsatira. Monga zina kubwereketsa, mu aviaarende zambiri chofunika chikole (chitsimikizo) gawo.

Kodi "chonyowa" kubwereketsa mu Russia? The opaleshoni pangano nthawi ndege yobereka si zoposa zisanu, nthawi zina zaka khumi. Pangano malipiro makasitomala ali kulipira pa mwezi, kukula zawo zimadalira nthawi ya mgwirizano.

mwapadera

Choncho, kodi "chonyowa" pangano? mtundu winawake wa opaleshoni pamene ndegeyo kubwereka kwa pangano pamodzi ndi anthu ogwira ntchito. Ndiko kuti, pamene ndege, gulu lake, inshuwalansi (a ACMI) ndi kusamalira wina ndege (lessor) amapatsa wina, kapena mtundu wina wa bizinesi, kumachita ngati mkhalapakati wa ndege (a lessee) amalipidwa ndi makonzedwe ola.

katundu lendi mafuta malipiro mulinso msonkho, zolipira ndege, zolipira zina zonse, ndi zina zotero. Ntchito kuthawa chiwerengero. The "chonyowa" kubwereketsa, monga mwambo, chimakhala cha miyezi 1 mpaka 24. N'kwabwino pangano amaonedwa monga yochepa ankakhala hayala ndege m'malo mwa kasitomala.

mchitidwe

The "chonyowa" kubwereketsa (chonyowa kubwereketsa) kawirikawiri ntchito pa nyengo magalimoto pachimake kapena kutsegula kwa maulendo latsopano kapena pa misa chiphasochi pachaka luso zinthu. Yonyamula analandira ndi mtundu uwu wa pangano, mukhoza kupanga ndege m'mayiko amene lessees ndi akuletsedwa ntchito.

chilangochi ingakhalenso mawonekedwe hayala, malinga ndi ntchito imene lessor limangolembedwa zikugwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo ACMI, ndi lessee sikelo chifukwa chithandizo owerengedwa ndege. Mu mitundu ina yonse ya hayala amapereka mwininyumba ndi manambala ndege. Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana "chonyowa" pangano Mwina mulinso kachidindo-kugawana mgwirizano ndi malo a mipando.

zifukwa za ndale

The "chonyowa" pangano - ichi ndi chida chachikulu. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa zifukwa za ndale. Mwachitsanzo, EgyptAir ogwira - Aigupto breech kampani - simungathe kunyamula m'basimo ku Israel pansi dzina lake chifukwa malamulo a boma. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, dziko lino ndege ku Cairo ku Tel Aviv, kampani amachititsa Air Sinai. Pakuti kupeŵa nkhani za ndale ndi limatipatsa "chonyowa» EgyptAir kubwereketsa kampani.

Mu UK, chilango iyi akutchedwa ntchito ndegeyo kwa satifiketi mpweya woyendetsa (AOC) wa lessor lapansi.

khalidwe

Kodi aliyense ali wabwino "chonyowa" kubwereketsa ndege? Amakhala zida kuvomerezedwa yokonza, kukonza, inshuwalansi ndi ntchito zina zimene lessor ndi udindo. Malinga pempho lendi, mu Kuwonjezera zotumikira izi, mwiniwake kukonzekera ogwira oyenerera chinkhoswe mu malonda, kundipatsako kwa zipangizo ndi zina zotero.

Phunziro la mtundu wa pangano, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuti zipangizo zenizeni. M'madzi kubwereketsa nthawi zambiri, ntchito kapena opanga awo kapena mabizinesi choposa chimenechi. Banks ndi mabungwe ena azachuma mocheperapo amachita mtundu uwu wotuluka, kuyambira akanagwiritsa ntchito si chofunika m'munsi luso.

Zochita pali mitundu yambiri ya mapangano kubwereketsa, koma iwo ayenera kuwonedwa kukhala mitundu osiyana ntchito pangano.

mawonekedwe pangano

The "chonyowa" kubwereketsa kumafuna zina zabwino zosiyanasiyana. Zochita lonse, ambiri ndi mitundu ina ya wotuluka pangano:

• Malinga ndi kubwereketsa "WOPEREKA" ogulitsa zida komanso kutembenukira ku lessee, monga mu ndikupeleka kubwerera. Koma chuma anausiya si ntchito, ndi lendi ena, ayenera younikira pansi ndi pereka kwa iye chinthu mgwirizano. Sublease - chofunika wa mapangano amenewa.
• Kubwereketsa "Standard" amapereka kugulitsa chinthu wa ndikupeleka Kulimbikitsa bungwe, chimene, kudzera kubwereketsa kampani yake rents ogula.
• Pamene Kukhazikika mukukonzeratu mu mawonekedwe a nthawi m'malo pangano amaperekedwa zida kwa lendi kuti kuitanitsa chitsanzo latsopano.
• General kubwereketsa anatchula lamanja la lendi kuti kuwonjezera mndandanda wa zida analandira popanda kusainira mapangano atsopano.
• Chilungamo (Group) kubwereketsa - kubwereketsa chinthu chachikulu (nsanja, sitima, zitsime za mafuta, ndege). Mu wotuluka amenewa, mwiniwake wa makampani akuluakulu ukadaulo mtima.
• Mgwirizano yolemba ntchito amatchedwa mwapadera kubwereketsa imene lessee ali zombo wathunthu makina, mathirakitala, njira yomanga ndi zipangizo zaulimi.
• Pamene lessor kwa obwereketsa chimodzi kapena zingapo amatenga nthawi yaitali ngongole ya 80% ya chuma cha anausiya, pali pangano ndi nkhani ya ndalama. Apa obwereketsa ndi lalikulu ndalama ndi malonda mabanki kuti eni chuma chidwi amakopeka ndi yaitali. wotuluka kubwereketsa ndi ndalama ndi mabanki ndi thandizo la ngongole kapena kugula mapanganowo.

Awa basi Njira yotchuka kwambiri ya Mapangano kubwereketsa. Zochita kuphatikiza zotheka yosiyanasiyana ya mapangano, amene kumawonjezera chiwerengero chawo.

ndege malonda

Nanga chofunika Avialeasing? Izo ntchito chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa ndegeyo. Mwachitsanzo, Boeing 737 Next Generation ndalama za miliyoni 58,5-69,5 madola mu 2008. Izo ntchito ndi Ryanair ndi kum'mwera Airlines Company. Ambiri, ndege ochepa akhoza kukwanitsa kulipira mpweya paki awo ndalama, ngati ali ndi ndalama zochepa.

Malonda zitsulo mbalame tidagulidwa ndi ndege pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina za ndalama ndi pangano (by kukopa ngongole likulu ndi ngongole). Chiwembu wotchuka anapanga ndege malonda ndi ndalama ndi ntchito kubwereketsa, ngongole ndi ina. Mwachitsanzo mgwirizano wa kubwereketsa "chonyowa" mukhonza kuwapeza gulu lirilonse zogwirizana. Pali zina zimene mungachite kuti malipiro a ndege:

• ngongole kubanki kapena pangano ndalama;
• Onetsani njira;
• woyendetsa kubwereketsa ndi kugulitsa kapena pangano ndalama;
• wopanga thandizo;
• msonkho kubwereketsa;
• EETCs (kukhulupirira satifiketi zipangizo).

ziwembu Awa makamaka za msonkho ndi mlandu. Zikuphatikizapo chidwi, amortization wa amachotsera msonkho ndi ndalama zina, zimenezi zimachititsa msonkho udindo wa zachuma, woyendetsa ndi lessor.

ndege payekha

Kubwereketsa kwa ogulidwa ndege payekha ndi zofanana galimoto ngongole kapena kubweza. Kuweta zambiri kwa ndege munthu makampani kapena ang'ono angathe kuchitidwa motere:

• wobwereka likunena zambiri zofunika za ndege sikhala, ndipo panopa ndi wokongoza;
• ndi wokongoza lipeza mtengo wa ndegeyo;
• ndi wokongoza akuyembekezera gulu kulembetsa katundu chiwerengero kupeza mavuto umwini ndi;
• ndi wokongoza amakonzekera zipangizo ndikupeleka: makonzedwe mgwirizano, Bill, chitsimikizo ku gulu lachitatu (ngati wobwereka anali zochepa creditworthy).

Pamapeto pa izi ndikupeleka anaphedwa zikalata ngongole, kusamutsa umwini ndi ndalama.