Monga analipira umayi tchuthi ku Belarus? umayi gawo

The mavuto azachuma padziko lonse amakakamizidwa ambiri maboma dzenje zalatyvat mu bajeti boma ndi kufunafuna ndalama kutha. Mwatsoka, ndondomeko izi zimakhudza Zimakhala zopweteka pa kachikwamako kwa nzika wamba. Wathunso ili mbali vuto ndi Republic of Belarus. Pali kale anayambitsa msonkho pa parasitism, kuchuluka mitengo zofunikira. Ndipo tsopano ankafuna kukambirana nkhani yoti apakati odulidwa kusiya Belarus.

Inde, uthenga zinayambitsa titangokhalako pakati pa makolo ndi pakati chuma, chifukwa 100 zikwi 2 azaka adzayenera kupereka crèches ndi aphunzitsi, ndipo amene panopa osowa. Kodi kwenikweni ndi GGI ndipo lidzabweretsa nzika za kuchepetsa umayi tchuthi ku Belarus?

Umayi tchuthi ku Europe

Republic of Belarus - limodzi mwa mayiko angapo kupereka achitsikana umayi kusiya kwa zaka 3. Izo ndi za nthawi yomweyo mu Ukraine. Koma oyandikana amayi Russian kupita kuntchito pambuyo zaka 1.5, kapena yeniyeni, mulole 3, koma ubwino adzalandira yekha zoyambirira za chaka. zopelekazi mopitirira zochokera malipiro kwa zaka 2 isanafike lamulo, choncho ngati mkazi wachita kwa pachaka, phindu ilo adzalandira pa mlingo osachepera.

Koma m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya zinthu dekretnits yabwino kwambiri. Pano mukhoza zambiri kwambiri ndi mfundo zathu pa malipiro a EUR 25 000, monga Iceland. Wina paradaiso zaziwerengero - Sweden tchuthi kuno miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, koma mayi adzalandira 80-100% ya malipiro awo.

Mayi Lithuania amasankha mmene mungagwiritsire lamulo - 1 chaka ndi kutenga 90% ya malipiro ake, kapena zaka 2 ndi kulandira 70% ya malipiro mu chaka choyamba, 40% - wachiwiri.

Mu Soviet Union ndipo analibe mwayi umenewu, pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa mwana wa ntchito pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo ndipo anatenga lamulo, koma ndalama zawo. Izo zinali kokha pambuyo 1981 nthawi ya lamulo linawonjezeka 1 chaka.

Watsimikiza mu Belarus lero

Malinga ndi maphunziro lonse, Belarus tithe 33rd m'maiko 160 pa mndandanda wa zinthu kwambiri yabwino kwa umayi, mu CIS ndi onse ataimirira mu malo oyamba. Umayi tchuthi ku Belarus imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri:

• umayi tchuthi, kumene kumachitika pa masabata 30 a gestation (ndi 28 mu zone ya Chernobyl Au) zimatha 126 ndi 146 masiku, motero;
• kusiya kwa kusamalira mwana kwa zaka zitatu.

Pindulani mu Belarus

Malipiro umayi tchuthi ku Belarus anapangidwa nthawi 4:

• The malipiro oyambawo, amene analipira zochokera malipiro enieni kwa miyezi 6, mwa kulankhula kwina, malipiro pafupifupi patsiku kuchulukitsa ndi masiku 126 kapena 146.
• The malipiro chachiwiri - kwa kubadwa kwa mwana. Choyamba - 10 ndondomeko ang'onoang'ono, wachiwiri ndipo anayamba - 14.
• A malipiro lachitatu - ichi ndi moyo malipiro bajeti chonse yake ndi akalandire chithandizo (pamaso masabata 12) ndi kuwunika zonse ndi dokotala.
• Wachinayi malipiro - gawo pamwezi malipiro maziko wamba, kaya malipiro a ku lamulo. Ndi 35% ya malipiro ambiri m'dzikoli pa 1 mwana, 2 kapena zambiri - 40%, kwa olumala mwana - 45%.

Kulankhula kanjedza, ndiye mu 2016 apakati tchuthi linaperekedwa pamwezi mu Belarus - 2.450.500 wina mwana 2.800.500 awiri kapena kuposa 3.150.600 mwana wolumala. The mpukutu pamodzi ndi 15.913.100 kwa mwana woyamba, 22278340 kwachiwiri ndi wotsatira. Plus kuti kalembera ndi ndalama zochepa 1.591.310.

Belarus komanso amapereka malipiro a ndalama chifukwa cha kubadwa kwa mapasa, ndi kwa 2016 2 osachepera ang'onoang'ono bajeti, kapena 3.182.620.

Kuchepetsa za lamulo - maganizo "chifukwa"

Makina walengezedwa kamodzi zomwe Belarus akufuna kuchepetsa umayi tchuthi. Mu January 2016 pulezidenti wachiŵiri Kirill Rudy sanadikire kuchepetsa nthawi umayi tchuthi ku Belarus zaka 2, kukangana kuti tikukumana zachuma, sitepe izi zidzathandiza kuti kuonjezera kukula GDP ndi 2.3%.

Wina "ovomereza" ndi kuchepetsa mchitidwe wosala akazi amene panthawi n'kofunika kwambiri msika ntchito. Olemba Mtsikana wotere nthawi ngati lamulo, imene mkazi akhoza kutaya luso lawo, kotero kugonana fairer wa zaka mwana wobala zikuwavuta kutenga ntchito. Izi zoipa zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa ntchito, amalenga cholepheretsa ntchito ndi kukula akatswiri ndi otsika malipiro akazi.

Wina maganizo "chifukwa" zowonetseredwa Antonina Morozova, Nduna ya Labor ndi Security Social kale, kukangana kuti posachedwapa ntchito wamba pa umayi tchuthi. Belarus - m'dziko okha amene amapereka nthawi yaitali chodwala kusamalira mwana, koma kwenikweni oposa 70% ya amayi ntchito kwathunthu.

Kuchepetsa za lamulo - maganizo "ndi"

Information kuti kuchepetsa apakati tchuthi ku Belarus chikwiyire titangokhalako mwa makolo achinyamata, ndi mwa akatswiri a zachuma.

Malinga zamaganizo, mapangidwe mwana inadzachitika zaka zitatu, choncho ndi bwino ngati Iye afuna nthawi ndi mayi anga, ndipo si ku sukulu ya mkaka. Kuwonjezera mogwirizana woyamba ndi achinyamata nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi chimfine pafupipafupi. Choncho, mayi anga akanakhalabe ndi kukhala ndi mwana, koma nthawi imeneyi chifukwa chodwala, ndipo mwina ndi kungasokoneze kwambiri pa thanzi la mwanayo m'tsogolo.

Kodi pali malo m'minda?

Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti kuchepetsa umayi tchuthi ku Belarus n'zosatheka, chifukwa pa nthawiyo, ngakhale ndi zaka zitatu lamulo, pali kuchepa pachimake malo mu magulu nazale ndi chisanadze sukulu, makamaka m'mizinda ikuluikulu monga Minsk ndi Gomel. Kuchepetsa tchuthi makolo ayenera ambiri nurseries ndi kindergartens, komanso malembedwe aantchito anamwino oyenerera komanso owasamalira.

Nanga bwanji ulova?

Wina vuto la kuchepetsa lamulo - mlingo mkulu ulova lero. Kusiya lamulo amayi, ngati kusunga malo zingakhale kovuta kupeza ntchito yatsopano, makamaka tikaganizira kuti munda chaka choyamba iye adzakhala kuchipatala wokhazikika kwa mwana. Choncho, zaka zitatu lamulo - ndi mulingo woyenera kwambiri zaka 2 polera mwana paokha, ndiyeno nkupereka ku nazale ndi anatengera chaka kucheza osati kuntchito, ndipo pakhomo pa umayi tchuthi.

Kodi zotsatira zake?

Zilinso bwino osokoneza. Pa dzanja limodzi la padziko lonse mavuto azachuma mphamvu kufunafuna njira yabwino konza bajeti ndi ntchito zotolera ndalama zipangizo. Kodi izo mosiyana kupendanso ndondomeko chikhalidwe ndi ndalama, N'zosatheka. Choncho, pa mavuto mu malo oyamba chikwama nzika wamba zowawa.

Mfundo yachiwiri - ndi kusankhana atsikana wobereka m'badwo msika ntchito, zomwe zikuwavuta kutenga ntchito chifukwa cha nthawi mkulu wa umayi tchuthi, chifukwa nthawi imene mukufuna kukumbukira ntchito malo. Komanso, luso akhoza kutayika umenewu nthawi yaitali kuti adzakhala kuti muzigwire ina, koma mwamtheradi si lipindulitsa pa abwana ake.

Mbali ina ya vuto limanena kuti pa nthawi dziko ndi insufficiently anayamba zomangamanga mabungwe sukulu kupereka ana oposa 10 zikwi kudutsa dziko. Choncho, kulenga iwo Pakufunika zinthu kuposa kuti boma bajeti mudzalandira, ngati inu kuchepetsa umayi tchuthi ku Belarus.

Pa nkhani ya ntchito, mkaziyo akhale kutenga chodwala pa mwana, kufikira chitadutsa mokwanira anatengera ku sukulu ya mkaka. Komabe, zingayambitse mavuto mpaka kalekale kwa mwana m'tsogolo, ndi abwana chodziwikiratu kusangalala zonse kulipira amayi odwala.

Pakali pano, GGI ali anangowona, ndi pa pempho la mutu wa dipatimenti ya malamulo pakati pa 2016 si koma kuti akuyendera.