Movile choonera Romania: chatsekedwa topezeka

Tangoganizirani phanga ndikuyenda kutali ndi dziko kunja, kumene kukwawa akangaude, zinkhanira, nyongolotsi, ndi zolengedwa zina chodabwitsa. Wapadera zachilengedwe akufanana m'malo dziko mobisa wa Jules Verne ( "Ulendo kwa Center a Dziko Lapansi") kuposa malo enieni. Movile choonera Romania, anatulukira mu 1986, ndi imodzi mwa malo akutali kwambiri padziko lapansi, zimene zinaonetseratu malo kuberekana kwa asayansi kafukufuku. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti kuphunzira phanga lodabwitsa angapereke mayankho a mafunso ambiri, kuphatikizapo zikamera wa moyo padziko lapansi.

The Lost World wa osinthika

Mu 1986, pa kumanga, izo mwangozi anapeza phanga Movil, limene lili pafupi kugombe la kumadzulo kwa Nyanja Black. Patapita anawulula lonse chinsinsi cha Ufumu wa zolengedwa zachilendo amoyo omwe bwino asakhalenso mu dziko kunja kwa mibadwo yambiri. Pakati pawo akangaude, misundu, centipedes, kafadala, mphutsi mosabisa, nthata, komanso kukhala m'madzi monga zinkhanira madzi ndi mphutsi ndi nematodes.

Movile phanga - chatsekedwa topezeka, ndi wapadera umene uli chakuti zamoyo pafupifupi amoyo onse ali osadalira pa mphamvu ya dzuwa. Choncho, kulibe msipu photosynthesis. Zapamwamba kuti chifukwa cholephera mphamvu kagayidwe sulfide wa hydrogen, kuyendetsedwa ndi zigawo wandiweyani mabakiteriya amene amakhala pa makoma phanga. mabakiteriya izi kubala chidulo cha safuriki, imene anawonjezeranso kukweza mkati mwa malo m'phanga-mu yoyaka laimu miyala.

NKHANI topezeka phanga

Air ikudontha mu cavern mwa ming'alu kakang'ono, koma mkhalidwe uli wosiyana kwambiri ndi kunja: mpweya nthawi 100 kuposa padziko, ndi mpweya ndi nthawi 10 m'munsi; Komanso ali wambirimbiri sulfide wa hydrogen opangidwa ndi zachilengedwe akasupe sulfure. nyama ochiritsira sibwino kuti kusintha pang'ono mu mlingo wa mpweya ndi kuyesa mwamsanga kusiya malo zosafunika ndi wapezeka mu mlengalenga.

Cave Movil (Romania) amakhala ndi zinthu zimakhalanso zovuta kupulumuka, kotero zamoyo kuti angathe kugwira ntchito zake zofunika kwambiri zinthu zoopsa, ndi zinthu zingapo zochititsa chidwi. Mwachitsanzo, wotumbululuka chikasu maonekedwe, kuyambira phanga chosiyana Mbali ya anthu onse palibe pigment wachikuda. Onse anabadwa wosawona, kupatula akangaude, lomwe ndi maso asanu ndi atatu, monga anzawo a dziko ofotokoza. Koma pa nthawi, ndi masomphenya awo atayika ngati zosafunika. Kuyenda mu mdima, iwo kuthandiza masharubu chachikulu.

Osinthika wa nthumbi safuna maso

Maso nyumba zovuta phunziro kwa matenda ndi kuvulala. Ngati zamoyo mwina analowa m'phanga kwambiri zinthu, mdima, izo kungawononge pamwamba pa diso, purulent matenda kuti tifulumizane imfa ya nyama. Malo acidic ndi chimawononga diso thanzi.

Zikwi m'mapanga mbiri Romania anthu ambiri mibadwo ya anthu ake nthawi yokwanira anatengera pazipita kwa chilengedwe chatsopano. anatengera Izi zachokera mudziwe majini poyamba ndinagona pansi, komanso imfa ya dziphunzitsiranso ndi zopindika ndondomeko masinthidwe pang'onopang'ono.

makhalidwe Geographical ndi zachilengedwe

Cave Movil (Romania) ili pafupi ndi mzinda wa Mangalia, mu gawo kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa dzikoli, chabe makilomita ochepa ochokera ku Black Sea. Log kutsinde akuimira akuya mamita 18. The utali wonse wa m'phanga ochepaŵa ndi timipata yopapatiza, yokutidwa ndi dongo, ndi pafupifupi 300 meters. Pa pansi pali nyanja yaing'ono.

Pamene Nyengo ya padziko lapansi anasintha zaka miliyoni 5.5 zapitazo, litatuluka kwa otentha ndi apakatikati, nyama kokha kuti anatha kupulumuka anali amene anakhalabe kukhala zozama ofunda phanga mobisa. Movile phanga ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zachilengedwe zochititsa kwambiri za Dziko Lapansi kuti anthu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya invertebrates zimene ndinazolowera mavuto a ndende zawo mobisa. More kapena zochepa kuphunzira mitundu 46 invertebrates lapadziko ndi m'madzi, 31 amene simunayambe anakumana kwambiri.

Cave Movil (Romania): zithunzi za invertebrates

Ambiri okhala mphanga za gulu la arachnids, nkhanu ndi tizilombo. Khumi mitundu ya zamoyo za m'madzi monga mosabisa, kuzungulira (nematodes, rotifers), annelids, ndi misundu akhungu, nkhono ndi zimadya nepidae. Phanga ndi springtails kunyumba, millipedes.

Movile phanga kum'mwera Romania ndi malo apadera kwathunthu. Ngakhale kusowa pafupifupi wokhulupirika ndi dzuwa, phanga ndi topezeka ukukula, wodzazidwa ndi zosiyanasiyana mitundu ya moyo, ku nkhanu yaing'ono isopods nsomba zazinkhanira, mollusks ndi arachnids. Mu mpumulo wa mapulaneti anathandiza topezeka chifukwa alimi ngati chachikulu angathe photosynthesis, monga zomera kapena algae, sipangakhalenso kudyedwa ndi zamoyo apamwamba chakudya unyolo.

Mbali mdima, umene uli wonse movile phanga, opanga zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi mabakiteriya kuti kusandutsa mpweya woipa kukhala nkhani wamoyo, akuyandama padziko madzi a kuphanga. kupanga yaikulu mu mdima ndi lotengeka ndi mphamvu mankhwala opangidwa ndi mabakiteriya chifukwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa mankhwala sulfure ndi amoniya mu madzi. Zimenezi amatchedwa chemosynthesis.

Zachilendo mobisa topezeka n'kopanda ku dziko lakunja kwa zaka mamiliyoni angapo. Izi ngodya zobisika za moyo mobisa zimadalira kwathunthu ku dziko lakunja. Cave mpweya ladzala ndi mpweya wonunkha, koma kunyumba nyama zambiri zachirendo. Methane ndi mabakiteriya sulufule oxidizing ndi opanga yaikulu pulayimale, chakudya akuthandiza zovuta maukonde, womwenso yosiyanasiyana mabakiteriya, nkhungu, kusinthidwa kwa moyo mu invertebrates mdima. Izi ndi zina zachinsinsi zolengedwa, osadziwika kwa anthu, akhala gwero la kudzoza kwa naturalists, asayansi, olemba ndi Opanga filimuyi.