Mu chaka chimene unali likulu la Kazakhstan Astana? Kodi mzinda unali likulu patsogolo?

Modern Kazakhstan - ndi nakhalanso wakale steppe Akmola, pamene mzinda lowoneka - Astana.

Mu chaka chimene Astana wakhala likulu la Kazakhstan? Ndipo chifukwa chimene zifukwa? chifukwa chachikulu kwagona kuti womwe kale unali likulu wakhala mabvuto mawu chilengedwe, komanso malo ake womangika - kum'mwera kwa dziko.

Kumbukirani mbiri pang'ono za chitukuko cha Kazakhstan.

The womwe kale unali likulu la Kazakhstan, XV-XVII atumwi,

Pamene Astana n'kukhala likulu la Kazakhstan? Pamaso anayamba izo, mu dziko pakhala zochitika zambiri mbiri.

Ndi chidwi kwambiri kuti mbiri ya Kazakhstan (kuphatikizapo nthawi ya Chikazaki Khanate) anali 9 Mitu. N'zoona kuti ena a iwo anali mitu okha angapo zaka. Aliyense akuimira wosaiwalika makamaka.

Woyambirira - mzinda wakale wa Suzak (1465-1469). Atamwalira Khan Abulhair likulu ankangomusamutsira. Tsopano Suzak - m'mudzi waung'ono m'chigawo chakumwera.

City Sygnak komanso kamodzi anali malonda ndi luso lalikulu pakati pa njira wotchuka apaulendo. Tsopano padziko Pamudzi ndi lalikulu youma steppe, inamera minga ndi saxaul.

Kenako likulu la Turkestan (Iasi) - pakati wauzimu ndi andale a ku Turkey. Mudzi waukulu wa Chikazaki Khanate, iye anali pa mapeto a zaka za m'ma XVI ndipo zinali ndi 1630s lapansi. Izi zinachitika pamene gawo la Chikazaki Khanate m'gulu dera lonse la dera Syrdarya. Lerolino mzindawo - likulu la Haji Muslim.

Ngakhale Tashkent (tsopano likulu la Uzbekistan), anapambana mu 1586 ndi Kazakhs, mu 1630 (pafupifupi) anakhala okhala ndi Chikazaki Khanate, pafupifupi zaka mazana.

Capital a XVIII-XX zaka

Mbiri ya mzinda wa Semey (Semipalatinsk lero) inayamba mu '18 XVIII atumwi. M'munsi mwa mzinda kugwirizana ndi dzina la Tsar Peter, amene anapereka lamulo pa chitetezo cha kum'mawa dziko ndi chiyambi cha ntchito yomanga mpanda wolimba kwambiri asilikali Priirtyshskaya. Komanso, mzinda uno ankadziwika malo a ukapolo (XIX - XX m'ma) maganizo andale a Russian Ufumu.

The linga woyamba anakhazikitsidwa mu Orenburg m'chaka cha 1735 (pa malo lero Orsk) - achitetezo pa mtsinje GPL. mzinda anakhazikitsidwa mu 1743. Iye monga likulu la Kazakhstan anakhalabe yaitali mu nthawi ya RSFSR.

Kuyambira mu 1925, zaka 2, ndipo anali likulu la dera limeneli limatchedwa-Mosque pa za Syr Darya Mtsinje, ndiye anadzatchedwa Kyzyl-Orda (likulu wofiira).

The womwe kale unali likulu la Kazakhstan - Almaty

Kuyambira 1929 mpaka 1998, likulu la Republic unali mzinda wa Almaty. Pamalo a mumzindawo mu zaka X-XIV panali kuthetsa Almaty. Kenako, mu 1854, pano kuphunzira Cossacks Russian. Zikuluzikulu yomanga inayamba mu 1927, pamene mzinda analandira udindo wa kudziyimira pawokha mwa likulu. Ndipo lero ikhala malo aakulu chikhalidwe cha dziko.

Ikulu magalimoto katundu misewu, anthu aakulu (. Anthu oposa 1.5 miliyoni), nyumba wandiweyani, amene sadzalola kukhala zina mumzinda si yabwino kwambiri zinthu zachilengedwe (mmodzi wa mabvuto ambiri mwa mawu a zachilengedwe m'tawuni) - zonse izi zachititsa kuti asinthe likulu la Kazakhstan .

Mu chaka chimene unali likulu la Kazakhstan Astana? Mbiri ya chitukuko

Chosefukira lalikulu Akmola steppes akhala wotchuka chifukwa chakuti ali ndi malo osiyanasiyana chitukuko kotheratu ndi chikhalidwe. Mogwirizana ndi zochitika zina padziko lonse, ndale ndiponso zachuma mu 1997, likulu mabwalo a mumzinda wa Akmola (tsopano Astana), ili mu mtima wa wotchuka Chikazaki steppe.

Wosatha steppes la Kazakhstan m'madera iwonso ali pakati pa Africa Eurasian. Sinthanitsani likulu akufuna ndi Pulezidenti Nursultan Nazarbayev wa mfumu Kazakhstan. A udindo wapadera wa lalikulu ufulu m'dziko pakati pa dziko la chitukuko ndi chitukuko cha mzinda.

Mbiri yaitali ya likulu latsopano ndi osiyanasiyana. Akmola anakhazikitsidwa mu chaka chiyani? Astana n'kukhala likulu la Kazakhstan, kumanja, chifukwa iye amayenera kulandira izo. City ndi dzina lakale anakhazikitsidwa mu 1830, membala wa Nkhondo ya Borodino (Cossack kumudzi). Achedwa linga ili wakula ndi kusanduka mu mzinda waukulu.

Astana - mzinda ndi dzina lomweli (yomasulira) "White kachisi." Mawu "Akmola" mu Chikazaki amatanthauzanso "White kumasiye". Dzina limeneli anali chifukwa ili makilomita makumi awiri kuchokera mu mzinda wa dzina chomwecho thirakiti, lomwe pamwamba pa miyala ya laimu phiri ndi manda a kumenyedwa m'deralo.

Mu 1998, Akmola anadzatchedwa kuti Astana. Kuyambira pamenepo, iye - likulu la Chikhalidwe chathu, ndale ndi chikhalidwe moyo wa dziko.

Tsopano dzina la mzindawo zikutanthauza - "dziko lathu". Mu chaka chimene unali likulu la Kazakhstan Astana? Ndi posachedwapa. Koma kwa nthawi yochepa ngati likulu la Kazakhstan chasanduka mu yodabwitsa, mzinda wokongola wamakono. kudera la 200 sq. Km. Astana chaka chilichonse choyenera ano ndi wokongola.