Mycobacterium TB: makhalidwe deta tizilombo

Mycobacterium TB (Koch a Bacillus) - galamu HIV ndodo woboola pakati mabakiteriya amene angathe kupanga ulusi-ngati dongosolo. Iwo asidi zosagwira ndipo komabe muli zambiri zamadzimadzi ndi sera mpanda wake, amene amasankha kukana kwawo kwa dezveschestvam, dzuwa kapena kuyanika. tizilombo Awa oipa akuda ndi utoto aniline ndi kuzindikira pathogenicity mkulu ndi hydrophobicity.

Tikumbukenso kuti awa wapadera mitundu morphological mabakiteriya ndi coccoid kapangidwe ndi mitundu L, ngakhale ambiri a iwo - ndi wochepa thupi molunjika ndi ndodo pang'ono yokhota kumapeto. Komanso, Mycobacterium TB amapanga mu cytoplasm Zimauluka mbewu (granules yeniyeni asidi labile).

Ngati ife kulankhula za chikhalidwe katundu mabakiteriya awa, iwo ali facultative anaerobes kapena aerobes. khalidwe Mbali awo - kukula pang'onopang'ono kwambiri, ndipo kufunika kwa zakudya zomanga thupi ndi glycerin kwa kuswana bwino. Mawailesi madzi, tizilombo izi kupanga pamwamba filimu. Pa wandiweyani michere olankhula Mycobacterium TB mu mawonekedwe kubalana lowuma wamakwinya patina poterera mtundu, maonekedwe a madera awo amafanana kolifulawa.

mbali pathogenetic

Chinthu chachikulu cha pathogenicity - "chingwe Chinthu". Iwo glycolipids, zomwe kuteteza Koch Bacillus ku phagocytosis ndi kudziwa minofu poizoni kuwononga mtima anthu. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti M. TB zovuta yodziwika ndi ya antigens, kotero chizindikiritso awo pafupifupi konse ntchito katundu antigenic.

Kaya TB opatsirana? The EPIDEMIOLOGY za matenda ali ndi mipangidwe itatu ya HIV. Ndi airborne, nyama matenda kudzera mkaka (alimentary) ndi fumbi airborne. Izo ziyenera kuti munthu pa moyo nthawi zambiri anakumana ndi wothandizila TB, koma matenda woterewu pa nthawi yomweyo, malingana ndi kulimbikira kwa lake.

Bacillus Koch nthawi zambiri mkatikati mwa kapepala kupuma, amene anagwidwa ndi macrophages lapansi. Komanso m'malo ingress wa tizilombo anapanga bronhopnevmonichesky kuganizira, ngati kutupa mfundo dera lymph. The limatiphunzitsa matenda lingachititse chibayo ndi generalization TB. Pa kukana mkulu wa chamoyo Mycobacterium zithe kubereka. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iwo yaitali kukhalabe m'thupi ndipo akhoza adamulowetsa kudzera kwambiri a zaka.

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti kuzindikira mwamsanga TB kumawonjezera mwayi wa mapeto chabwino cha matenda. Today akugwiritsa ntchito njira zatsopano matenda Pakati malo kutsogolera ndi kulamulidwa ndi polymerase unyolo anachita.

Pamene PCR ukulephera kuona TB Bacillus Koch DNA ngakhale mlandu wa osachepera kuchuluka kuti atsimikizire chitukuko cha matenda Sizingakhale mu njira ina. Komanso, PCR n'zosavuta kudziwa mycobacteria kukana mankhwala payekha. Ndi okwanira pilirani majini amene ali ndi udindo kukana bakiteriya kuti rifampicin, isoniazid kapena thunthu osiyana mankhwala, kuti amatenga maola 48.