Mzinda wa Carcassonne - France kapena Languedoc?

Kwa zaka makumi angapo, dziko lotchedwa Dziko la Cathars liri pa mndandanda wa zochitika zakale. Pakati pa polojekitiyi ndi mzinda wa Carcassonne. France silingadzitamande ndi zovuta zokongola komanso zapakati pazaka zapakatikati (Cité), zokhala ndi nsanja makumi awiri ndi kuzungulira khoma la makilomita atatu. Kotero, izi sizinyumba (ichi ndi chifukwa chake makampani oyendayenda nthawi zambiri amabweretsa chidziwitso ichi), koma mzinda wamakono wotchuka wa Mediterranean. Lili ndi mbiri yakale ndi yaulemerero. Pali Carcassonne wamakono pamapu a France kumwera kwake. Koma sizinali choncho nthawi zonse. Ndilo mzinda wakale wa Roma, umodzi mwa mizinda yokongola kwambiri ku ufumu wa Visigothic wodziimira wokhawokha wa Aquitaine, malo otetezeka a Saracen, omwe mkaziyo ankateteza - Lady Carcas, malinga ndi nthano zapafupi. Panthawi yakeyi, iye adali likulu la dziko lakumidzi la ku Trencaveli, mafumu akuluakulu a ku Languedoc ndi olamulira a mfumu ya Aragonese.

Carcassonne France anapambana m'zaka za m'ma 1800. Pambuyo pake Papa Innocent Wachitatu anaitanitsa gulu lachipanikiti pa otsutsa a dissident Christian Church, omwe otsatira awo tsopano amatchedwa Cathars. Wolamulira wamba, Viscount Roger Trencavel, anali wololera kwambiri otsutsa Chikatolika. Iye sakanati adzawatumize iwo kwa achikunja, omwe iwo analipira. Mwa chinyengo iye anakopeka kumsasa wa adani ndipo anaphedwa m'ndende. Mzindawu unagwidwa ndi amtenderewo, ndipo anthu adathamangitsidwa. Pambuyo pake, asilikali a mfumu ya ku France analowerera pankhondoyo, yomwe inagonjetsa dziko la Languedoc. Kuchokera apo, Carcassonne wataya ufulu wake. France anaika Seneschal wamfumu kumeneko monga woyang'anira, ndipo adakhazikika m'ndende yakale ya Viscount. Popeza chiwerengero cha anthuwa sichimathandiza kwenikweni othawa, adasamukira kumadoko (Burg), ndipo Mzinda Wakumtunda unagawanika ndi makoma. Kudziwa ndi anthu olemera ankakhala kumeneko. Pamene nthawi idapita, Carcassonus anasiya kugwira ntchito yofunikira kwambiri ku dziko la France. Mzindawu unali wosauka, makoma ake akuluakulu ndi nsanja zinasandulika mabwinja, Languedoc palokha inakhala chigawo chosauka kwambiri, ndipo chinenero chake, kamodzi chomwe chinayambitsidwa ndi quadries, chinali chitatsekedwa ndipo chinawonongedwa.

Koma m'zaka za zana la XIX, Wolemba Prosper Merimee, yemwe adayendera mzinda uno, anadabwa ndi kale lomwe. Iye adakonza phwando lachiwonetsero kuti athetse ndalama zowonzanso makina apakatikati. Mothandizidwa ndi wojambula Violetta-le-Duca, Ulaya adapeza mzindawo wokongola kwambiri, womwe tsopano ukupita ndi alendo atatu miliyoni. Tsopano zithango zazikulu zomwe zili pamwamba pa mtsinje Od ziwonekera kuchokera m'munsi mwa Burg. Pogwiritsa ntchito mlatho ndikukalowa ku Cité kupyolera mumodzi mwazipata zambiri, mlendoyo watayika, akudutsa m'misewu yopapatiza, pomwe pamakona aliwonse pali masitolo akugulitsa zochitika ndi zakudya zokhala ndi zakudya zokhala ndi zakudya zakomweko. Inu mukhoza kubwera kuno nthawi iliyonse, Carcassonne nthawizonse amakonzeka kukunyalani inu mu chilimwe ndi chisanu. France anali ataganizira kale mzindawu, koma tsopano uli pa udindo wapamwamba wa malo omwe oyendera alendo amachitira. Koma nthawi zabwino ndi zokongola, pamene chirichonse apa chikuwoneka chokongola, ndi masika ndi yophukira.

Pamene mukuyendayenda mumzinda wa Cité, onetsetsani kuti mukuyendera maulendo awiri - ulendo wopita ku mipanda yolimba kwambiri, yomwe mudzaona Tower Tower yochititsa chidwi, komanso kuyang'anitsitsa Viscount Castle, komwe mudzadziwe mbiri ya mzinda komanso njira ya moyo wa olemekezekawo. Musaphonye Cathedral ya Saint Nazaría ndi mawindo okongoletsera okongola komanso mapulaneti achiroma. Chiwonetsero chokongola ndiwonetsedwe ka mphungu ndi falcons, zomwe zimaphunzitsidwa molingana ndi njira zam'mbuyomu - zimawuluka momasuka ndi kubwerera kwa eni ake. Ndipo pambuyo pa maulendo oyendayenda amayesa cassoulet - mbale yamba ya nyemba ndi abakha, zomwe zikhoza kulembedwa bwino ndi vinyo wa Minervois.

Ku Carcassonne, zochitika zina zambiri zokongola zimachitika - kuwonetsera kozizira kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ya chilimwe, pamene usiku wa mzindawo ukuwotchedwa ndi moto wambiri komanso mchere. Ichi ndicho chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha chitsitsimutso cha Languedoc, choncho chaka chilichonse chimakhala ndi ziwonetsero zomwe zimafuna kuti chilankhulidwe cha Oxitan chikhale chovomerezeka m'derali. Ndipo ndithudi, misewu yambiri ili ndi mayina awiri - osati French. Mtundu wamderu ukuwonetseredwa mochulukirapo, ndipo alendo akuzindikira izi. Pambuyo pake, ndiye zimawonekeratu kuti Carcassonne weniweni ndi wotani. France sizinali nthawi zonse womenyera alendo pano. Iyi ndiyo dziko la Cathars.