Mzinda wa Krasnodar: zojambula, ndondomeko ndi chithunzi

Nthawi zina mzinda wamdima umenewu umatchedwa Russian Paris. Zomera zakutchire, malo ambiri otseguka pazithunzi zamdima, mabwalo ndi akasupe - zonsezi m'chilimwe zimakumbutsa kwenikweni likulu la France. Mzindawu ndi wabwino kuyenda, kuona zochitika za mzinda wa Krasnodar, malo okondweretsa, kuyendera museums ndi mawonetsero.

Kuchokera ku mbiriyakale ya mzindawo

Pa gawo la Krasnodar yamakono, midzi yoyamba inapezeka m'zaka za m'ma III BC. Mpaka tsopano, akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale apeza malo omwe akale amachitira malowa.
Mu 1793 Empress Catherine Wachiwiri, mwa lamulo lake, adapereka gawo ili kwa Cossacks. Kotero apa panaoneka linga la Ekaterinodar, lomwe mu 1867 linalandira udindo wa mzindawo.

Pambuyo pake kunakhala malo ofunika kwambiri oyendetsa sitima ndi malonda ku North Caucasus. Pa December 7, 1920, tauniyi inalandira dzina lake lenileni. Lero ndi mzinda wogwira ntchito mwakhama. Malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka nyumba, ndi malo achitatu pambuyo pa Moscow ndi St. Petersburg. M'nkhani ino tidzakulangizani zochitika za Krasnodar (maadiresi adzawonetsedwa).

Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (Krasnaya str., 1)

Kachisi wokongola uyu ali ndi mbiri yovuta komanso yaitali, monga nyumba zambiri zachipembedzo m'dziko lathu. Anamangidwa malinga ndi polojekiti yotchuka ya Kuban - Elisei ndi Ivan Chernik (abale), omwe anaphunzitsidwa ku Academy of Arts of St. Petersburg.

Katolikayo inayikidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika a 1853. Kupatulira kunachitika kokha zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi kenako (mu 1872). Chifukwa cha ichi ndi nkhondo ya Crimea komanso kusowa kwa ndalama zomanga. Kwa okhulupilira, tchalitchi ichi chinakhala chiwonongeko ndi kukongola. Ichi ndi chowonadi chowonadi cha zomangamanga za pakachisi za kalembedwe ka Byzantine-Russian. Ndondomeko yoyenera ya mtanda (equilateral) ndi zisanu domes, chovala ndi mitanda yokongoletsedwa, kukongola mkati mkati kudabwa a mpingo. Makamaka ankayamikira anali iconostasis ya porcelain yokhala ndi stuko yokongoletsedwa. Anali mpingo woyamba wa miyala ku Ekaterinodar.

Zambiri mwa zochitika zodziwika za Krasnodar, kufotokozera zomwe mungapeze m'nkhaniyi, zawonongedwa mobwerezabwereza pa mbiri yakale. Katolika uku sikunatheke tsoka lomwelo. M'nthawi ya Soviet Union, kachisi adatsekedwa (1929) ndipo adagwidwa mosasamala. Nthaŵi ina kumalo ake panali nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zosakhulupirira za Mulungu. JV Stalin. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1932, nyumba yokongola inawomba.

Mu 2003, akuluakulu a mumzinda wa Krasnodar anaganiza zobwezeretsa kachisiyo. Mu May 2006, Metropolitan Kirill adamuyeretsa. Lero Alexander Nevsky Cathedral ndi mpingo waukulu wa Orthodox mumzindawu. Apa, misonkhano ndi zikondwerero za zikondwerero zimachitika.

Mzinda wa Krasnodar: zokopa. Catherine Cathedral

Kachisi wamkulu wa diocese ya Kuban, yomwe ili ku: ul. Kommunarov, wazaka 52, ndi chimodzi mwa zazikulu kwambiri m'dzikoli. Poyamba inali mpingo wa St. Catherine, womangidwa mu 1814 chifukwa cha thandizo la Archpriest Cyril wa Rossinsky. Kwa nthawi yaitali iye anali mu kugonjera kwa Chiukitsiro cha Chiukitsiro. Mmenemo, ntchito za atsogoleri achipembedzo zinkachitika.

Mu 1888, sitima yapamwamba inachoka ku Yekaterinburg. Mwa mwayi wamtengo wapatali, palibe banja la wolamulira lomwe linavulazidwa. Pa nthawiyi, adasankha kumanga tchalitchi chachikulu mumzindawo ndi mipando isanu ndi iwiri. Ntchito yomanga inayamba mu 1900, koma nthawi zambiri anaima chifukwa cha kusowa ndalama. Patapita zaka khumi ndi zinayi (1914), mpando wachifumu waukulu unapatulidwa.

Mu zaka makumi atatu, tchalitchichi chinasandulika kukhala nyumba yosungira katundu. Iye anayeseranso kusokoneza nyumbayo. Komabe, m'chaka chowopsya cha 1942, misonkhano inayamba kuchitika mmenemo, ngakhale kuti panthawiyo panthaŵiyi panali malo osungiramo zinthu zankhondo.

Mu 1985, kumangidwe kwakukulu kojambula zithunzi za mkatikati mwa tchalitchichi kunayambika, zipata zachitsulo zowonongeka monga momwe Ekaterinodar yakale inakhazikitsidwira. Lero kachisiyo amagwira ntchito, imapereka ntchito zaumulungu ndi zikondwerero za zikondwerero.

Mzinda Wakale wa Mzindawu (23 Krasnaya Street)

Zithunzi zonse za mzindawo zomwe zimabwera ku Krasnodar, zojambula ndi kufotokozera kwawo mwachidule zikhoza kuwonetsedwa mu bukhuli, lomwe lingagulidwe pazitukuko za sitimayo ndi pa eyapoti.

Kumanga kwa Msonkhano wa Mzinda, womwe umayambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, unamangidwa mu 1882. Mlembi wa polojekitiyo anali katswiri wa zomangamanga N. G. Sinyapkin. Iyo inamangidwa nthano ziwiri, koma itatha Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse nyumba yachitatu inamangidwa.

Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1903, boma la Ekaterinodar linali pamzindawu. Kuchokera apo, nkhani zonse za chikhalidwe cha mzindawo ndi zachuma zathetsedwa mkati mwa nyumbayi.

Chikumbutso kwa Catherine II

Chipilalacho, chomwe chili ku Catherine Square, chinatsegulidwa mu 1907, koma a Bolshevik anawononga mu 1920. Pulojekitiyi inakhazikitsidwa ndi wojambula ndi wotchuka wotchuka M. Mikeshin mu 1895. Imfa ya modzidzimutsa sadamulole kuti amalize ntchito yake. Anapanga wosema wake wotchedwa B. Edwards.

Chophimba chatsopano chinapangidwa ndi wojambula zithunzi wa Kuban, A. Apollonov, yemwe adagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zowonongeka, zojambula ndi zolemba. Chipilalacho chinaponyedwa pamsonkhano wa Yunivesite ya Russia State, zomangamanga ndi zojambula zinapangidwa ku chomera cha Krasnodar compressor.

Mkaziyo amawoneka akulemekezeka, amavala zovala zachifumu. Catherine ali ndi ndodo ndi mphamvu. Pachigawo chapakati cha pedestal, mawu a kalata yoyamikira kuchokera mu 1792 akujambula. Pansi pa zizindikiro za nkhondo ndi mabanki a nkhondo, Prince Potemkin amawonetsedwa. Kumanjako kunali amamuna atatu a chi catamaran ankhondo a Cossack.

80 g wa tsamba la golidi, matani 25 a mkuwa, matani 12 a chitsulo, 250 makilogalamu a aluminiyumu ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zojambulajambula.

Musindikizidwe ED Felitsyna (65/67, Gimnazicheskaya Street)

Alendo pachaka ochokera kumayiko onse amabwera ku Krasnodar. Anthu ambiri amayamba kuphunzira masomphenya ake kuchokera ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Anakhazikitsidwa mu 1879 ndi katswiri wa mbiri yakale ndi wolemba mbiri E. D. Felitsyn, yemwe dzina lake anamutcha.

M'zaka za m'ma 70 zapitazo, malo osungirako zinthu zakale adasindikizidwa - mbiri yakale (Krasnodar), mbiri yakale ya Anapa ndi Temryuk, nyumba yosungiramo nyumba ya Lermontov ndi malo okumbidwa pansi zakale ku Taman. Kotero zolemba za Historical and archival museums-reserve zinapangidwa.

Pano mungapeze zosangalatsa zomwe zimadziwitsa alendo ndi moyo wa anthu omwe amakhala m'dera la Kuban nthawi zosiyana. Mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale mungadziwe mbiri ya Kuban Cossacks. Ndalama za museumsamu zili ndi zinthu 420,000. Chidwi chapadera cha alendo ndi Golden Pantry, momwe zinthu zakale za siliva ndi golide zimasonkhanitsidwa.

Zochitika zazikulu za Krasnodar, monga lamulo, ziri mu nyumba zokongola kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, malo osungirako zinthu zakale (malo otchuka) amakhala m'nyumba yapamwamba yokhala ndi dongosolo la abale a Bogarsukov mu 1901.
Zomangidwe zake zimaphatikizapo kalembedwe ka baroque ndi kavalidwe. Kukongoletsa ndi kukongoletsa mkati kwa nyumbayo - zokongoletsera miyala ya marble ndi zokongoletsera zokongola zimapangidwa ndi amisiri aluso.

Panthawi ya Nkhondo Yachibadwidwe, akuluakulu a asilikali a Denikin anali pano, pambuyo pa kusintha kwawo kunasanduka malo abwino. Pambuyo pake, m'mabwalo a nyumbayo, nthambi ya ku NKVD inalipo.

Akuluakulu a mumzindawu adasankha kubwezeretsa nyumbayi mu 2006. Zaka ziwiri pambuyo pake zinadziwika ngati chinthu chobwezeretsa bwino ku Russia.

Philharmonic Society (Krasnaya str., 55)

Zotsatira za chikhalidwe cha mzinda wa Krasnodar zikuyimiridwa ndi mzinda wa Philhilmonic. Icho chiri mu mtima wa mzindawo. Iyi ndi imodzi mwa malo akuluakulu owonetsera masewera a kum'mwera kwa Russia, omwe ali ndi mphamvu zowonetsera.

Nyumba ya Philharmonic ili ndi nyumba zokongola zitatu, zomangidwa mu 1909 ndi wojambula wotchuka F.O. Shekhtel. Anakhazikitsidwa mu 1939. Chakumapeto kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri zapitazo, ndi Philharmonic ya Krasnodar, chochitika cha concert cha choyimba chotchuka cha Kuban Cossack chomwe chinadziwika kwambiri kutali ndi dziko lathu chinabwezeretsedwa . Kuphatikizanso apo, padali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana, yotchuka ku Russia.

Chikumbutso kwa Ozunzidwa ndi Fascism (Pervomaisky Park)

Malingaliro ofunikira kwambiri a Krasnodar, malinga ndi anthu okhalamo, ndi zikumbutso ndi zokumbutsa zoperekedwa kwa ankhondo ndi ozunzidwa pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse. Chikumbutso chimenechi chiri ku Chistyakivsky grove, komwe anthu ambiri a mumzindawu ndi omwe amawachezera komanso alendo oyenda mumzindawu.

Chiyambi chowonekera chinatsegulidwa mu 1975, ndi chaka cha makumi atatu cha Chigonjetso Chachikuru. Chaka ndi chaka, zida zankhondo zochokera ku dziko lonse lapansi komanso achinyamata a mumzindawu pa May 9 amabwera kuno kudzagwadira phulusa la ozunzidwa ndi fascism.

Malo a zovutazi sanasankhidwe mwadzidzidzi - panthawi ya nkhondo panali zitsulo zotsutsana ndi tank, kumene fascists adataya matupi a anthu okhala mumzinda wa poizoni ndi mpweya. Muzolembazo, kukumbukira anthu khumi ndi atatu okwana zikwi khumi ndi zitatu a Krasnodar, omwe anafa mu nthawi ya mantha oopsa kwambiri, amafa mosavuta. Mabwalo khumi ndi atatu, pokhala mbali ya zovutazi, akuimira chiwonetsero choipa ichi.

Zojambula za Krasnodar, zomwe zimafotokozedwa m'mabuku ambiri amalonda, zimayambitsa chidwi cha alendo. Ndicho chifukwa chake chikumbutso chimakhala chodzaza nthawi zonse, pamapazi ake nthawi iliyonse ya chaka ndi maluwa atsopano. Zithunzi zojambulajambulazi ndizithunzi za anthu a Krasnodar. Pano iwe ukhoza kuwona chifaniziro cha bambo wachikulire ndi msilikali, mnyamata wamng'ono ndi msungwana wamng'ono.

Pa marble amamvetsera uthenga kwa anawo akujambula: "Kumbukirani, kumbukirani, kumbukirani, anthu. Dzina la wakuphayo ndi fascism! "Ntchito ya chipilala ichi inapangidwa ndi wopanga nyumba II Golovarev ndi wosema wotchedwa IP Shmagun.

Chikumbutso ku gulu la Kuban Cossack (lalikulu la October Revolution)

Masewera otchuka a Krasnodar amaperekedwa ku zochitika zoyambirira. Chikumbutso ichi, choyikidwa pamtunda, chiri ndi kutalika kwa mamita khumi ndi anayi. Icho chiri chovekedwa ndi mphungu yamutu iwiri ndi mpira wokongoletsedwa.

Chiboliboli chomwe chinapezeka ku Yekaterinodar kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, kwa zaka makumi awiri, chinali kadhi lochezera la mzinda. Zolengedwa zake zinapangidwira nthawi ya chaka cha 200 cha gulu la Cossack. Zinapangidwa molingana ndi ntchito yomangamanga wotchuka VA Filippov.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwakukulu kwa obelisk kwa mzindawo kunali kovuta. Kuyamba kwake kunachitikira patapita nthawi yowerengeka - mu May 1897. Ngakhale izi, anthu ambiri a ku Kuban adagwira nawo mwambo wapadera, monga chombochi chinakhala chizindikiro cha mgwirizano wa mibadwo yambiri ya Black Sea ndi Kuban, Don ndi Zaporozhye Cossacks.

Oceanarium (Sadovaya st., 6)

Anthu ambiri okaona malo amene amabwera mumzinda wa Krasnodar, masewerawa amatha kuona zosiyanasiyana. Mzinda wa Oceanarium, mosakayikira, ndi kunyada kwa anthu a m'midzi. Ndilo lalikulu kwambiri kum'mwera kwa dziko lathu. Linamangidwa mu 2011 ndi kampani Ocean Park.

The oceanarium ili ndi dera la mamita mazana atatu. Pali zinyama zambirimbiri zomwe zimakhala ndi nyama zikwi zambiri zamadzi ndi nsomba. Chimodzi mwa zazikulu kwambiri m'dziko lathu lonse lapansi zimakwera pamtunda. Vesi la nyumba yaikuluyi ndi malita 55,000. Amakhala ndi anthu odyera m'nyanja, poona zizoloŵezi zawo pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lapadera.

"Park Park" ikukhala ndi malita oposa 850,000. Amayeretsedwa nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito mafyuluta amphamvu. Malowa ali ndi makina opanga mpweya wabwino ndi ma air conditioning system. Pa nthawi yomanga, pafupifupi matani makumi anai a galasi lolemera-ntchito ndi kuwonjezera kwa akrisitiki ankagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Krasnodar: zozizwitsa zachilendo

Inde, zolemba zoyambirira zimawonekeranso mumzinda wam'mwera. Zochitika ku Krasnodar nthawi zina zimadabwiza ngakhale omwe awona zomangamanga zambiri zodabwitsa za alendo.

Amakonda awiri agalu, omwe ali pamsewu wa m'misewu ya Mira ndi Krasnaya, ndi amodzi mwa zinthu zimenezi. Kulengedwa kwa chodabwitsa choterechi cha katswiri wa zomangamanga V. Pchelina anauzira nkhani ya V. Mayakovsky "Moyo wa Sobachkina."

Chikumbutso chachilendo chinatsegulidwa mu September 2007. Malingana ndi lingaliro la wolemba, agalu awiri, atavala zovala za anthu, anakumana pamsewu wopita m'misewu iwiri (Mira ndi Krasnaya) pa tsiku lawo loyamba.

Chikumbutso ku thumba

Mukafika mumzinda wa Krasnodar, malo okongola a mudzi uwu wokongola komanso ochereza alendo amakumana nanu kumadera onse a capital Kuban. Tili otsimikiza kuti alendo ambiri sadayenera kuwona chinthu chosazolowereka.

Chikumbutso cha chikwamacho chinatsegulidwa mu 2008, patsiku lachikondwerero cha 215 cha mzindawu, pamphepete mwa misewu ya Krasnoarmeyskaya ndi Gogol. Malo ake adasankhidwa ku bizinesi ya Krasnodar. Chikumbutsocho chinakhala chowonadi kwambiri, kusungiratu zonse za thumba, ngakhale kukula kwake kokongola.

Pogwiritsa ntchito, granite imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutsala kumapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Kulemera kwa kapangidweko sikuposa tani imodzi. Mabala a "Granite" amapereka chithunzi cha ndalama zenizeni, koma zazikulu za thumba.

Ntchito yomangayi inali chithunzi cha chipilalacho, ku Melbourne pafupi ndi malo ogula zinthu. Anthu okhala mmudzimo amanena kuti thumba la ngongole liyenera kugwedezeka kapena kuzungulira pafupi ndi thumba lanu. Pankhaniyi, mutha kudalira pazinthu zachuma, kupambana kwa bizinesi ndi kuthetsa mavuto a ngongole. Mwinamwake, zotsatira zozizwitsa za thumba la ndalama zakhala zikufufuzidwa mobwerezabwereza, monga zikuwonetseredwa ndi malo ake opukutidwa. Akuluakulu a mzindawo akuseka mofuula chithunzicho kuti chikuimira bajeti.